No abstract available.
Paragonimiasis*

Supracondylar fracture of femur is not well suited to internal fixation. A wide canal, thin cortex, comminution and compound wound make open reduction difficult. And the associated injuries, such as popliteal artery rupture are not infrequent. Some authors reported the favorable results with open reduction and rigid internal fixation. But still we have had failure cases with loosening or breakage of plate and screws, infection, post-operative joint stiffness and non-union etc. The present paper reports the result of surgically treated supracondylar fracture. From March 1982 to February 1989 25 patients who were treaed at Department of Orthopedic Surgery, St. Vincent Hospital were analysed. The results obtained as follows:l. Age distribution was between 29 and 74 years of age, and the ratio between males and females was 1.8:1. The most common of injury was traffic accident. 2. According to Neer's classification, there were 5 patients of type I, 7 patients of type II
Accidents, Traffic ; Age Distribution ; Amputation ; Classification ; Clinical Study ; Female ; Femur ; Fractures, Open ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee ; Leg ; Male ; Orthopedics ; Osteoarthritis ; Patella ; Popliteal Artery ; Rupture ; Tibia ; Wounds and Injuries

No abstract available.
Bone Density* ; Child* ; Humans

Recently, CT scan, CT sialogram, radionuclide imaging and ultasonogram are widely applicated in conjuctionwith conventional studies such as plain film, sialogram and arteriogram for the diagnosis of salivary glanddisease. Among them, ultrasonogram porvides safe, noninvasive, and reliable way to diagnose salivary glanddisease. Authors evaluated ultrasonographic and sialographic findings of patients with suspected salivary glanddisease in 16 cases at Korea University Hosital for 8 months. (from Dec. 1983 to Aug. 1984). The following resultsare observed. 1. Final diagnosis of 16 cases were 2 cases of stone, 1 case of pleomorphic adenoma, 2 cases ofneurilemmoma, 3 cases of chronic sialademitis, 1 case of abscess, 2 cases of Retention cyst, 1 case of psendocyst,1 case of tuberculous lymphadenopathy, and 3 cases of normal finding. 2. Diagnostic ultrasonogram providesaccurate information for the size, location and character of the lesion, and differentiates intragladular lesionsfrom extraglandular ones. 3. Ultrasonogram is one of convenient, reliable and initial modality for the diagnosisof salivary gland disease.
Abscess ; Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Korea ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Salivary Gland Diseases ; Salivary Glands ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography

Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy in patients with the clinical findings of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis usually demonstrate crescentic glomerulonephritis (CrGN). It is characterized by mesangial immune complex deposits containing IgA and is rarely associated with ANCA. The following case report illustrates a CrGN with mesangial & capillary wall IgA deposits by immunofluorescence (IF) and mesangial & endocapillary electron dense deposits by electron microscopy (EM) in patient with positive ANCA serology. A 54-year-old male visited due to the discomfort of right flank. Blood pressure was 150/90 mmHg. BUN and serum Creatinine was 40 mg/dL, 4.4 mg/dL respectively. Urinalysis revealed protein 2+, >30 RBC's/ HPF (dysmorphic), 24hr urine protein 1,612 mg/day and creatinine clearance 19 mL/min/1.73m2. Serological P-ANCA was positive by indirect immunofluorescence & ELISA. The histologic findings showed global scleorsis and fibrocelluar crescent without hypercellularity on LM, mesangial IgA deposition on IF, mesangial and subendothelial electrone dense material depositions on EM. After treatment (Methylprednisolon 500 mg/day for 3 days and then prednisolone 60 mg/day), Serum creatinin level, proteinuria and ANCA titer were decreased.
Antibodies ; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic* ; Antigen-Antibody Complex ; Blood Pressure ; Capillaries ; Creatinine ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect ; Glomerulonephritis ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A* ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron ; Middle Aged ; Prednisolone ; Proteinuria ; Urinalysis

Neurite outgrowth and its maintenance are essential aspects of neuronal cells for their connectivity and communication with other neurons. Recent studies showed that over-expression of either leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), whose mutations are associated with familial Parkinson's disease (PD), or Rab5b, an early endosomal marker protein, induces reduction in neurite length. Based on our recent findings that LRRK2 co-localizes and interacts with Rab5, we tested the hypothesis that LRRK2 and Rab5 may functionally interplay while controlling neurite outgrowth. Firstly, we confirmed previous reports that over-expression of either the LRRK2 PD-specific G2019S mutant or the Rab5 constitutively active Q79L mutant, but not of dominant negative N133I mutant, significantly reduces neurite outgrowth. Secondly, when over-expression of either LRRK2 wild type (WT) or G2019S was accompanied with over-expression of one of the Rab5 variants (WT, Q79L and N133I), or with down-regulation of Rab5, the reduction extent of its neurite length was similar to that of cells over-expressing LRRK2 alone, regardless of Rab5's status. Finally, we observed similar patterns of neurite length regulation in embryonic rat hippocampal neuron cultures. Taken together, our results suggest that LRRK2 and Rab5 functionally coordinate their regulation of neurite outgrowth and that LRRK2 is a more critical factor than Rab5.
Animals ; Down-Regulation ; Neurites ; Neurons ; Parkinson Disease ; PC12 Cells ; Phosphotransferases ; Rats

BACKGROUND: One of the important mechanisms responsible for a tumor escaping the immune response is an absence of the tumor associated antigen (TAA) on the cancer cell surface. To overcome this, combination gene therapy using a herpes simplex thymidine kinase (HSTK) gene, prototype of drug sensitizing gene, was conducted to enhance TAA release by cell destruction, as well as the cytokine genes for immune cell attraction. METHODS: We investigated whether or not transduction with the adenovirus-HSTK (Ad-HSTK) enhanced the sensitivity of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) to ganciclovir (GCV) and induced a bystander effect. A Tumor vaccine trial was performed using LLC with ad-HSTK ±ad-GM-CSF±ad-IL-2 to determine if they exhibit some antitumor effect on established lung cancer xenografts. RESULTS: LLC with ad-HSTK revealed a much higher sensitivity to ganciclovir (GCV). LLC transduced with ad-HSTK and/or ad-IL-2, ad-GM-CSF showed a lower in vivo tumorigenicity. In the treatment experiment, vaccination with LLC transduced with ad-HSTK, ad-IL-2, or ad-GM-CSF alone modestly suppressed the growth of an established tumor. Combined transduction with HSTK and GM-CSF induced stronger growth suppression of a established lung cancer, while HSTK and IL-2 combination transduction did not have any antitumor effect on individual transduction. Vaccination with LLC-HSTK-GM-CSF increased the infiltration of dendritic cells in the spleen. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that a tumor vaccine transduced with HSTK and GM-CSF induces strong antitumor immunity by activating the dendritic cells.
Adenoviridae ; Animals ; Bystander Effect ; Carcinoma, Lewis Lung ; Cytokines* ; Dendritic Cells ; Ganciclovir ; Genetic Therapy* ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor ; Herpes Simplex* ; Heterografts ; Interleukin-2 ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Phosphotransferases* ; Simplexvirus* ; Spleen ; Thymidine Kinase ; United Nations ; Vaccination

BACKGROUND: Two tumor suppressor genes, p53 and p16, which have different roles in controlling the cell cycle and inducing apoptosis, are frequently inactivated during carcinogenesis including lung cancer. Single tumor suppressor gene therapies using tither with p53 or p16 have been studied extensively. However, there is a paucity of reports regarding a combined gene therapy using these two genes. METHODS: The combined effect of p53 and p16 gene transfer by the adenoviral vector on the growth of lung cancer cell lines and its interactive mechanism was investigated. RESULTS: An isobologram showed that the co-transduction of p53 and p16 exhibited a synergistic growth inhibitory effect on NCI H358 and an additive effect on NCI H23. Cell cycle analysis demonstrated the induction of a synergistic G1/S arrest by a combined p53 and p16 transfer. This synergistic interaction was again confirmed in a soft agar clonogenic assay. CONCLUSION: These observations suggest the potential of a p53 and p16 combination gene therapy as another potent strategy in cancer gene therapy.
Adenoviridae ; Agar ; Apoptosis ; Carcinogenesis ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Line* ; Genes, Neoplasm ; Genes, p16 ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Genetic Therapy ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung*

It may be difficult to establish laboratory information system(LIS) on radioimmunoassay works, which may result in many technical problems on computerization. Recently we have developed integrated information system in the radioimmunoassay works of endocrine laboratory in Kyung Hee Medical center. We have used VAX-6510 with 64 MB main memory and VAX-6210 with 32 MB main memory (DEC; Digital Equipment INC) which are main computers of the hospital. Additional devices were only 4 terminals and 4 printers in the laboratory and the office. This system has measurably changed the allocation of technologists' time and effort, the number of the clerical support staff in the laboratory and the speed and accuracy of laboratory response. And physicians could easily obtain and compare the patients' current and past laboratory results with computerization. In this article we have focused on experience gained in the automation of radioimmunoassay works of endocrine laboratory. The authors suggest that this computerized system of endocrine laboratory could provide a progressive approach to total LIS and it could serve as a model for other hospitals.
Automation ; Clinical Laboratory Information Systems* ; Information Systems ; Memory ; Radioimmunoassay*

BACKGROUND: A systematic literature review of interspinous dynamic stabilization, including DIAM, Wallis, Coflex, and X-STOP, was conducted to assess its safety and efficacy. METHODS: The search was done in Korean and English, by using eight domestic databases which included KoreaMed and international databases, such as Ovid Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. A total of 306 articles were identified, but the animal studies, preclinical studies, and studies that reported the same results were excluded. As a result, a total of 286 articles were excluded and the remaining 20 were included in the final assessment. Two assessors independently extracted data from these articles using predetermined selection criteria. Qualities of the articles included were assessed using Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN). RESULTS: The complication rate of interspinous dynamic stabilization has been reported to be 0% to 32.3% in 3- to 41-month follow-up studies. The complication rate of combined interspinous dynamic stabilization and decompression treatment (32.3%) was greater than that of decompression alone (6.5%), but no complication that significantly affected treatment results was found. Interspinous dynamic stabilization produced slightly better clinical outcomes than conservative treatments for spinal stenosis. Good outcomes were also obtained in single-group studies. No significant difference in treatment outcomes was found, and the studies compared interspinous dynamic stabilization with decompression or fusion alone. CONCLUSIONS: No particular problem was found regarding the safety of the technique. Its clinical outcomes were similar to those of conventional techniques, and no additional clinical advantage could be attributed to interspinous dynamic stabilization. However, few studies have been conducted on the long-term efficacy of interspinous dynamic stabilization. Thus, the authors suggest further clinical studies be conducted to validate the theoretical advantages and clinical efficacy of this technique.
Decompression, Surgical ; Humans ; Postoperative Complications ; *Spinal Fusion/adverse effects/methods ; Spinal Stenosis/physiopathology/surgery