Authors carried out the experimental study to investigate whether the Paragonimus westermani would uptake the blood in the parasitic definitive host, and also tried for the amount and distribution of the blood which would be harbored in a worm body, and so on. Experimental animals used in this study were dogs and cats, and they were infected with metacercariae of P. westermani. Several months later of the infection, Cr(51) tagged red blood cells were administered to each animal, and the animals were sacrificed and autopsy was done after 24 or 48 hrs of the administration. One part of the detected P. westermani adult worms of each animal were bred in Tyrode's solution and the others were killed by fixing in formalin solution. By Well-type scintillation counter, the radioactivities were measured for the alive and killed worms and of the blood of each experimental animal which was collected at autopsy . In conclusion, it was found that P. westermani worms uptake blood in parasitic definitive host, and amount of the blood harboring in a worm of 56 infection-days(size of worm; 4 x 3 x 1 mm) was 0.002 ml, 0.004 or 0.005 ml in 103 infection-days(size of worm: 8 x 5 x 3 mm) and 0.011 ml in 217 infection-days(size of worm: 9 x 7 x 4 mm). Almost of the whole blood uptaked in the worms was distributed in intestine. It was observed that the blood uptaked in the worm body was excreted continuously through the excretory pore, so that the radioactivity could not measured almost completely in cases of 24 hrs-breeding worms.
parasitology ; helminth ; trematoda ; Paragonimus westermani ; metabolism ; biochemistry ; red blood cell ; Cr(51) ; Tyrode's solution

Concerns have been raised about the potential for hardware failure in interlocking nails and screws especially with small diameter nail. Existing techniques for removing broken interlocking screws can involve trephine over-cutting of the screws, which requires wide bone exposure and creates larger stress risers by enlarging the original screw hole. We present this new technique for removal of broken screws of 2 femoral interlocking nails and 6 tibia interlocking nails. This Steinmann pin ""punch"" technique is to drive the screws through the opposite cortex and soft tissue for removal through a small stab wound. The rationale of this technique is based on the less holding power of the interlocking screw which is not only a machinary screw but also placed on the metaphyseal portion.
Tibia ; Wounds, Stab

No abstract available.
Consciousness Disorders* ; Humans

Actinomycosis is a chronic suppurative and granulomatous disease characterized by peripheral spread and extension to contagious tissue, rare hematogenous spread, and the formation of multiple draining sinus tracts. In the rare case of hematogenous disseminated Actinomycosis; lesions appear in all parts of the body. Bone involvement, however, is very rare except the jaw and there has been only some reports about the ribs and vertebral columns. To our knowledge, this case represents the first report of documented distal femoral involvement.
Actinomycosis ; Femur ; Fractures, Spontaneous ; Jaw ; Osteomyelitis ; Ribs ; Spine

No abstract available.
Ankle Fractures* ; Ankle*

No abstract available.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament* ; Autografts* ; Polyethylene*

No abstract available.
Posterior Cruciate Ligament*

No abstract available.
Humans* ; Knee* ; Synovial Fluid*

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome(NMS) is an uncommon but potentially fatal idiosyncratic reaction to neuroleptics, characterized by muscular rigidity, fever, autonomic dysfunction, and altered consciousness. The major theories to explain NMS is central dopaminergic blockade, but it is unclear. Risperidone is a new antipsychotic drug, a benzisoxazole derivative that blocks dopamine D2 receptor and serotonin type 2 receptor. The comparatively greater serotonin-blocking activity is believed to give risperidone the specific property of not causing any more extrapyramidal side effects than conventional antipsychotics at the optimal dose of 4-8mg/day. It is postulated that risperidone is unlikely to cause NMS. Here, we report a case of risperidone induced neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
Antipsychotic Agents ; Consciousness ; Fever ; Muscle Rigidity ; Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome* ; Receptors, Dopamine D2 ; Risperidone ; Serotonin

In the treatment of posterior cruciate ligament injury, posterior displacerrient of tibia might be occured because of the direction of gravity due to weight of lower leg. To prevent this problem several methods have been introduced, but not settled yet. Therfore the author tried to solve this problem by applying Quengel brace that was firstly described by Mommsen in 1922 and perfected by Jordan using the correction of flexion contracture of the knee in hemophiliacs. But owing to the development of some problems in original hinge for prevention of posterior displacement of tibia after posterior cruciate ligament injury, we modified the design of the hinge that more effective anterior traction force should be operated on tibia. The authors applied Quengel brace including original and modified hinge to 21 cases of posterior cruciate ligament injury between June 1983 and May 1986. The followings were obtained. 1. By modification of the hinge, more effective anterior traction force operated on tibia without pressure sore or joint narrowing. 2. On clinical application of modified Quengel brace, posterior displacement of tibia were prevented effectively.
Braces ; Contracture ; Gravitation ; Joints ; Jordan ; Knee ; Leg ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament ; Pressure Ulcer ; Tibia ; Traction