No abstract available.
Female ; Hydronephrosis* ; Ovarian Cysts*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Rats*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Rats* ; Reperfusion*

OBJECTIVE: In patients with spinal cord injury, it is more susceptible to osteoporosis because bone resorption is more prominent than bone formation. Thus we evaluated the change of biochemical markers and bone mineral densities (BMDs) according to the duration of injury, the spinal cord injury level, and the injury severity. METHOD: The subjects were included 26 patients with spinal cord injury and 22 healthy men. We measured serum osteocalcin and urine deoxypyridinoline (DPYD) in 2 hours after awakening and measured BMDs in lumbar vertebrae, femur, and distal forearm in patients and control group. The patients were 21 men, 5 women, mean age 43.2+/-14.3 years, and mean duration 28.3+/-45.0 months, who were divided by injury level and injury severity respectively. RESULTS: The biochemical markers of bone metabolism in patients group had significant differences comparing to control group (p<0.05). The urine DPYD and BMDs in femur showed significantly negative correlation with the duration of spinal cord injury (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: In patients with spinal cord injury, urine DPYD and BMDs in femur had significant correlation with the duration of injury. But, the injury level and injury severity had no significant correlation with the markers of bone metabolism and BMDs.
Biomarkers ; Bone Density* ; Bone Resorption ; Female ; Femur ; Forearm ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Male ; Metabolism* ; Osteocalcin ; Osteogenesis ; Osteoporosis ; Spinal Cord Injuries* ; Spinal Cord*

Osteoarthritis of the knee is a common cause of disability in the aging population. Traditional nonoperative treatment options include exercise, physical therapy, weight reduction, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, analgesics and corticosteroid injection. In recent years, intra-articular injection of hyaluronate-derived products has gained popularity as a palliative modality for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee. The common adverse reaction are mild pain or swelling at the site of injection that may occur up to 20% of patients. Severe local inflammation, warmth and joint effusion are rare and no systemic complication have been reported, to our knowledge. We presented one case in which synovial inflammation was observed following intra-articular injection of the knee.
Aging ; Analgesics ; Exercise ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Injections, Intra-Articular* ; Joints ; Knee ; Osteoarthritis* ; Weight Loss

A 36-year-old female patient with aplastic anemia developed massive hemoptysis and was placed on ventilator support. However, airway obstruction by blood clots triggered desaturation and ventilator malfunction. Manual ventilation was initiated to improve oxy-genation, and emergency flexible bronchoscopy was performed to clear the airway. Nevertheless, the patient developed extensive subcutaneous emphysema, pneumothorax, and pneumomediastinum.
Adult ; Airway Obstruction ; Anemia, Aplastic ; Barotrauma* ; Bronchoscopy ; Emergencies ; Female ; Hemoptysis* ; Humans ; Mediastinal Emphysema ; Pneumothorax ; Subcutaneous Emphysema ; Ventilation* ; Ventilators, Mechanical

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage carries a high rate of morbidity and mortality despite recent advance in the care of such patients. This is especially true in patients in poorer neurological condition(Hunt-Hess grade IV, V) after initial hemorrhage. Many factors are known to contribute to this poor outcome, but other factors might be contribute to the favorable outcome. This study underwent to examine in a prospective fashion to evaluate the influence of different clinical, radiological, and intra-operative factors upon eventual outcome to aid in determining the rationale for an aggressive management on individual cases. Total of 494 cases of SAH were surgically treated from Jan. 1984 to Sep. 1996. Among them, 92 cases(18.6%) were classified as Hunt-Hess grade IV, V. Favorable outcome was noted in 59 cases(64.1%), and poor outcome in 33 cases(35.9%). Statistically significant contributing factors for favorable outcome aare systolicBP<160mmHg, diastolic BP<90mmHg, stational status on attack, normal ranged serum sodium level, hemoglobin<15mg/dL, hematocrit<45%, SAH<3mm on CT scanning, no ICH, single aneurysm, no rebleeding, improved mentality, delayed operation(>24hr), and short operation time(<6hr).
Aneurysm* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Mortality ; Prospective Studies ; Sodium ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVE: Transsphenoidal approach(TSA) has been used as useful operative method for pituitary tumor but is still controversal in case of cavernous sinus invasion or severe suprasellar extension. This study was performed to evaluate the surgical result, recurrence, effect of adjuvant treatment, especially in cases of suprasellar extension or cavernous sinus invasion. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied 56 cases of surgically treated pituitary adenoma that we were able to follow up, treated by TSA from 1993 to 1998. There were 24 cases of suprasellar extension and 11 cases of cavernous sinus invasion. The medical records and radiological findings were reviewed. Surgical results including hormonal function and recurrence rates were analyzed according to extent of tumor invasion. Mean follow-up period was 19.1 months. RESULTS: Tumors with suprasellar extension were removed totally in 54%, whereas total tumor removal was possible only in 38% with cavernous sinus invasion. Overall of recurrence rate was 14% and recurrence rate was 25% in suprasellar extension and 9% in cavernous sinus invasion. In cases of both suprasellar extension and cavernous sinus invasion, tumors that were treated by TSA and radiation showed recurrence rate of 7%, whereas those treated by surgery alone showed 28% of recurrence. CONCLUSION: Transsphenoidal approach is safe and useful operative method for pituitary adenoma and adjuvant therapy including radiation therapy is effective means to decrease the recurrence in cases of suprasellar extension or cavernous sinus invasion.
Cavernous Sinus ; Follow-Up Studies ; Medical Records ; Pituitary Neoplasms* ; Recurrence

Cerebral sparganosis is an uncommon parasitic zoonosis caused by a migrating plerocercoid tapeworm larva of the genus Spirometra. On computed tomography scans, the following characteristics were reported:1) unilateral involvement;2) extensive or multifocal areas of low density along the white matter bundles with ipsilateral ventricular dilatation and localized cortical atrophy;3) nodular or irregular enhancement with spotty calcification;and 4) change in the location of enhancing nodules on sequential scans. In this report, a 46-year-old female patient was suffering from generalized tonic-clonic seizure and headache. A computed tomography scan revealed a nodular high density contrast enhancement with small calcification against low density background. These computed tomography scan findings were thought to be characteristic for cerebral sparganosis mansoni. But the unique feature in this case was bilateral involvement. We therefore report this rare case of bifrontal intracerebral sparganosis together with some discussion of the literature.
Cestoda ; Dilatation ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Larva ; Middle Aged ; Seizures ; Sparganosis* ; Spirometra

OBJECTIVE: We present an evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of anterior reduction and stabilization of unilateral locked facet of the cervical spine. METHODS: Nine patients with unilateral locked facet of the cervical spine were treated with anterior decompression, reduction and stabilization from January 1997 through December 2000. There were six male and three female patients who ranged in age from 22 to 59 years (average 37.4 years). The level of facet dislocation was C4-5 in one, C5-6 in four, and C6-7 in four patients. One patient presented with complete spinal cord injury, two patients with incomplete spinal cord injury, four patients with radioculopathy, and two patients were neurologically intact. All patients underwent plain radiogram, computed tomogram scan, and magnetic resonance imaging. All patients underwent surgery for anterior open reduction, decompression and stabilization using bone graft and anterior cervical plate fixation systems. The mean follow-up periods was 11.9 months. RESULTS: All patients showed good decompression, reduction and stabilization without postoperative complications. Two patients showed vertebral artery thrombosis at facet locked side, but no cerebral ischemic symptoms. Follow-up neurological status was unchanged in two patients and improved in 7 patients. No patient experienced neurological deterioration or complications after this procedure. All patients showed good bony fusion without instability at follow-up period. CONCLUSION: Our results show that anterior decompression, reduction and stabilization procedure are safe and effective method in unilateral locked facet of the cervical spine without significant complications.
Decompression ; Dislocations ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; Spine* ; Thrombosis ; Transplants ; Vertebral Artery