No abstract available.
Female ; Hydronephrosis* ; Ovarian Cysts*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Rats* ; Reperfusion*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Rats*

OBJECTIVE: In patients with spinal cord injury, it is more susceptible to osteoporosis because bone resorption is more prominent than bone formation. Thus we evaluated the change of biochemical markers and bone mineral densities (BMDs) according to the duration of injury, the spinal cord injury level, and the injury severity. METHOD: The subjects were included 26 patients with spinal cord injury and 22 healthy men. We measured serum osteocalcin and urine deoxypyridinoline (DPYD) in 2 hours after awakening and measured BMDs in lumbar vertebrae, femur, and distal forearm in patients and control group. The patients were 21 men, 5 women, mean age 43.2+/-14.3 years, and mean duration 28.3+/-45.0 months, who were divided by injury level and injury severity respectively. RESULTS: The biochemical markers of bone metabolism in patients group had significant differences comparing to control group (p<0.05). The urine DPYD and BMDs in femur showed significantly negative correlation with the duration of spinal cord injury (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: In patients with spinal cord injury, urine DPYD and BMDs in femur had significant correlation with the duration of injury. But, the injury level and injury severity had no significant correlation with the markers of bone metabolism and BMDs.
Biomarkers ; Bone Density* ; Bone Resorption ; Female ; Femur ; Forearm ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Male ; Metabolism* ; Osteocalcin ; Osteogenesis ; Osteoporosis ; Spinal Cord Injuries* ; Spinal Cord*

Osteoarthritis of the knee is a common cause of disability in the aging population. Traditional nonoperative treatment options include exercise, physical therapy, weight reduction, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, analgesics and corticosteroid injection. In recent years, intra-articular injection of hyaluronate-derived products has gained popularity as a palliative modality for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee. The common adverse reaction are mild pain or swelling at the site of injection that may occur up to 20% of patients. Severe local inflammation, warmth and joint effusion are rare and no systemic complication have been reported, to our knowledge. We presented one case in which synovial inflammation was observed following intra-articular injection of the knee.
Aging ; Analgesics ; Exercise ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Injections, Intra-Articular* ; Joints ; Knee ; Osteoarthritis* ; Weight Loss

We experienced a case of eisenmenger syndrome treated by simple surgical intervention. Eisenmenger syndrome refers to patients with congenital heart defects who have a systemic level of pulmonary arterial pressure and high pulmonary vascular resistance, with right-to-left or bidirectional shunting. Because a progressive rise in pulmonary vascular resistance may be better tolerated with an intracardiac communication, surgical repair in such patients may shorthen their life. But, urgent surgical intervention should be undertaken to reverse process if the pulmonary vascular disease is of recent origin. Patients who respond to vasoilator therapy, such as oxygen, are subjected to surgery. We reported a case of PDA with eisenmenger syndrome whose pulmonary vascular resistance fall following vasodilator, 100% oxygen, and closure of defect during cardiac catheterization, preoperatively, and who may faborable after simple surgical repair.
Arterial Pressure ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent* ; Eisenmenger Complex* ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Humans ; Ligation* ; Oxygen ; Vascular Diseases ; Vascular Resistance

Authors analyzed the post-operative subdural hygroma using radioisotope(RI) cisternography in 30 cases following aneurysmal surgery with pterional approach from October, 1995 to March, 1996. Age, CSF flow from basal cisterns, and etent of opening of Liliequist's membrane during operation were significantly related to the development of post-operative subdural hygroma. Computed tomography(CT) scan of brain and RI cisternography were performed in all patients at three weeks following operations. RI diffusion time from the interpeduncular cistern to the cerebral convexity of ipsilateral side with surgically opened Liliequist's membrane was compared with contralateral nonoperated normal side. Diffusion time of ipsilateral side(mean 5.2+/-8.4hr) was faster than that of contralateral one. Age, cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) from basal cistern, and extent of opening of Liliequist's membrane during operation were significantly related to development of post-operative subdural hygroma. Development of subdural hygroma after pterional approach for aneurysmal operations in our series is believed to be caused by stagnation of CSF in the convexity until its absorption into the arachnoid villi. Increased CSF flow from the infratentorial space to the supratentorial space through extensively opened Liliequist's membrane is considered to contribute development of its formation.
Absorption ; Aneurysm* ; Arachnoid ; Brain ; Diffusion ; Humans ; Membranes ; Subdural Effusion*

OBJECTIVES: Vaginal birth or trial of labor after previous cesarean section has become one of the most remarkable changes in obstetric practice. The safety and efficacy of a trial of labor and vaginal birth after previous cesarean are well documented. The purpose of this report is to predict the likelihood of vaginal birth in patients undergoing a trial of labor after previous cesarean delivery using factors known at the time of hospital admission. METHOD: In this retrospective study, 120 women who attempted vaginal birth at Kyung-Hee University Hospital from March 1997 to March 1999. An attempt to identify possible prognostic factors for success of such a trial was made and we evaluated the variables of significant predictive value and the patients' characteristics in the success group and failure group of women who attempted VBAC. RESULT: 87 cases(72.5%) in 120 cases succeeded in VBAC and 33 cases(27.5%) failed. In this comparative groups in VBAC, there was significant difference in CPD index(cephalopelvic disproportion index) and Bishop score, but no significant difference in gestational age, the estimated fetal weight by sonography and newborn birth weight. CONCLUSION: In this study, Bishop score and CPD index and age may be useful and valid predictor of success in VBAC and this information could be particularly valuable. The CPD index may prove most important in determining if a vaginal birth should occur after a cesarean section because it can clearly identify some patients who need a repeat cesarean section.
Birth Weight ; Cesarean Section ; Cesarean Section, Repeat ; Female ; Fetal Weight ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Parturition ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies ; Trial of Labor ; Vaginal Birth after Cesarean*

Early and delayed 201Tl SPECT studies were performed on 20 patients with intracranial meningioma who were classified into 4 groups according to Helsinki Grading System: Grade I: benign(n=15), Grade II: atypical(n=5), Grade III: anaplastic(n=0) and Grade IV: sarcomatous(n=0). The early uptake indices(eTl, ratios of average counts/pixel in the lesion to those of contralateral area on early image) were relatively high in all types: Grade I, 3.05+/-1.44(mean+/-standard deviation): Grade II, 2.66+/-1.29. There was no statistical difference in relation to pathological grade. The delay uptake indices were 2.64+/-1.34 and 2.67+/-1.31 respectively, there was no statistical difference in relation to pathological grade. The retention indices(RI, ratios of delay to early uptake indices) were 0.92+/-0.35, 1.04+/-0.36 respectively. there was no statistical differences in relation to pathological grade. In ten cases presenting mitosis, RI was 1.11+/-0.30. But other cases not presenting mitosis RI was 0.80+/-0.34. There was significant difference between two groups p<0.05. The 99mTc-MIBI SPECT study was performed in 14 patients who classified into 4 group: Grade I(n=10) and Grade II(n=4). The uptake ratios were high in all types: Grade I, 6.70+/-3.63 and Grade II, 5.40+/-0.92. There were no statistical difference. In this study, there was no malignant case(Grade III, IV). In summary, if the further study including malignant cases, this study would aid in overcoming to overcome the limitation of CT, MRI about tumor differentiation, with regards to possible detection of presence of residual tumor and viability of tumor after treatment.
Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Meningioma* ; Mitosis ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

The authors reviewed 11 consecutive patients with hemorrhage in pituitary adenomas, which were treated by transsphenoidal approach from Jan. 1992 to Dec. 1997. We evaluated nine cases of female and 2 cases of male patients(mean age: 43.4 years old). The diagnosis of pituitary apoplexy was made by severe neurologic sign with sudden onset of headache and visual disturbance, in the setting of hemorrhage in the pituitary adenoma on computed tomographic or magnetic resonance imaging scans. Two cases were diagnosed as pituitary apoplexy and the remaining cases were diagnosed as intratumoral hemorrhages. In our series, the most common symptoms were headache(81.8%) and visual disturbance(81.8%). Other symptoms and signs were hormonal symptoms(63.6%) due to preexisting tumor, cranial nerve signs(18.2%) and alteration of mentality(18.2%). Radiologic findings were changes of sellar contour(double floor sign, widened sellae and obliteration of anterior or posterior clinoid processes) on plain skull X-ray, high density lesion in sellar area on computed tomographic scan. The magnetic resonance images were taken in all patients. Among 11 patients, 9 cases showed subacute hemorrhage(high signal intensity on T1 weighted image) and 2 showed that of chronic stage(iso signal intensity on T1 image and high signal intensity on T2 image). According to the hormonal type, the most common type of tumors associated with intratumoral hemorrhage was non-functioning adenoma(7 cases) compared to other types(GH secreting: 2, ACTH secreting: 1, Prolactin secreting: 1). All patients showed significant improvement of symptoms after surgery(average follow-up, 12.5 months). Rapid diagnosis with computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging, hormonal replacement and transsphenoidal decompression constituted effective therapy.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ; Cranial Nerves ; Decompression ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Headache ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Pituitary Apoplexy ; Pituitary Neoplasms* ; Prolactin ; Skull