Pulmonary ligament consists of 2 serosal layer of pleura that connect the lower lobe to the mediastinum.Author analyse and present CT appearance of pulmonary ligament of the 40 normal and abnormal patients on the basisof anatomic knowledge from the cross section of cadaver. Left pulmonary ligament is more frequency visualized thanthe right. The most important CT landmark in localizing pulmonary ligament is the esophagus where the ligamentattaches on its lateral wall. Pitfalls in CT identification of pulmonary ligament are right phrenic nerve andright pericardiacophrenic vessels which emerge from the lateral wall of the IVC and wall of the emphysematousbulla in the region of the pulmonary ligament.
Cadaver ; Esophagus ; Humans ; Ligaments ; Phrenic Nerve ; Pleura

Utrerine myoma is one of the most commonly encountered gynecologic problem in daily ultrasonographic practice,and is one of the few conditions with which specific histologic diagnosis is possible by ultrasonography in selected patients as well. We recently analysed ultrasonograms of 132 cases of uterine myoma and 31 cases thatshowed similar ultrasonographic findings of myoma, histopathologically verified in both cases. The results were as follows. 1. The diagnostic accuracy by ultrasonography was 93%. 2. The most common ultrasonographic findings of uterine myoma were nodular enlargement of uterus and irregular internal echo texture changes. 3. It was not possible to differentiate the various kinds of secondary degeneration by ultrasonography, except for calcification and cystic change. 4. It was usually unable to differentiate solitary from multiple myoma, and subserosal,interstitial and submucosal types from each other by ultrasonographic findings alone, except for the usual cases of exophytically growing subserosal mass. 5. The most frequent disease that is hard to differentiate from small uterine myoma was adenomyosis, and therefore it is considered necessary to include the adenomyosis in differential diagnosis in the diagnosis of myoma causing moderatelly enlarged uterus.
Adenomyosis ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Leiomyoma ; Myoma ; Ultrasonography ; Uterus

Fifty-nine histologically proven cases of carcinoma of the larynx and hypopharynx were examined with CT forthe staging before surgery or radiation therapy and the findings of primary disease and neck metastasis wereanalyzed. Local extension of the tumor can be easily evaluated with CT and findings of lymph node metastasis ofneck were seen in 33 cases(79%) of all. Among cases of neck metastasis, peripheral contrast enhancement of thelymph nodes were demonstarated in 26 cases (79%).
Hypopharynx ; Larynx ; Lymph Nodes ; Neck ; Neoplasm Metastasis

PURPOSE: We evaluated the effectiveness of balloon dilatation and bougienage of post operative anastomotic stricture of upper G-I tract. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed 22 balloon dilatation and 24 Bougienage in 40 patients of post operative anastomotic stricture. The causes of operation were esophageal cancer(n=20), stomach cancer(n=16), laryngeal cancer(n=2), chemical(n=2) strictures. RESULTS: Successful dilatations of the anastomotic site stricture were achieved during the procedure in 38 patients(95%). There was one case of esophageal perforation as a complication. CONCLUSION: Esophageal balloon dilatation and Bougienage are safe and effective method for post operative anastomotic site stricture of upper G-I tract.
Constriction, Pathologic* ; Dilatation* ; Esophageal Perforation ; Humans ; Stomach

We present a case with congenital absence of the infrarenal portion of inferior vena cava and lilac venous system, showing unusual venous collaterals including the left ovarian venous collateral via parametrial venous complex, and a mesenteric-periureteric venous connection. The venous collateral pathways were demonstrated by computed tomography and venography.
Phlebography ; Vena Cava, Inferior

PURPOSE: We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy and clinical usefulness of fluoroscopy-guided bone biopsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 31 patients with various skeletal lesions underwent fluoroscopy-guided bone biopsies. The targets were long bones in 16 cases, pelvic bones in 7 cases, spines in 6 cases, and ribs in the rest 2 cases. RESULTS: The overall accuracy was 71%(22/31). The accuracy was 100% in case of primary sarcoma and multiple myeloma. But it was low in malignant lymphoma(1/4), malignant fibrous histiocytoma(0/1), and nonossifying fibroma(0/1). CONCLUSION: Percutaneous fluoroscopy-guided bone biopsy is a simple, safe, not-expensive, and rather accurate diagnostic procedure in evaluation of bone tumors. In addition to that, it is useful in the managment planning and fllow-up of the patients.
Biopsy* ; Humans ; Multiple Myeloma ; Pelvic Bones ; Ribs ; Sarcoma ; Spine

PURPOSE:The primary biliary carcinoma is usually unresectable at presentation, because of early lymphatic spread. To determine the incidence and the spread pattern of lymph node metastases according to the location of the primary tumor, we analyzed the CT scans of the patients with primary biliary adenocarcinome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the CT scans of 92 patients with pathologically proven primary biliary adenocarcinoma, including 45 peripheral cholangiocarcinomas, 22 hilar cholangiocarcinomas, 18 gallbladder carcinomas, and 7 common bile duct carcinomas. Positive adenopathy was diagnosed when the node exceeded 10 mm in short axis. RESULTS:The overall incidence of nodal metastases was 59.8 % (55/92); 66.7 % in peripheral cholangiocarcinoma, 54.5 % in hilar cholangiocarcinoma, 55.6 % in gallbladder carcinoma, and 42.9 % in common bile duct carcinoma. The most commonly involved nodal group was the lesser omentum, followed by the celiac, periaortic, and peripancreatic group. The phrenic node group was only involved in the cases with the peripheral or hilar cholangiocarci nome. CONCLUSION:The primary biliary carcinoma has a high incidence of lymph node metastases at the time of diagnosis, and shows different nodal spread pattern according to the location of the primary tumor. Involvement of the phrenic node was limited to the peripheral and hilar cholangiocarcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Biliary Tract* ; Cholangiocarcinoma ; Common Bile Duct ; Diagnosis ; Gallbladder ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lymph Nodes* ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Omentum ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available in English.
Stents*

We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and CT manifestation of 12 patients with nonlymphomatous renal metastases from eight different sites. Primary sites were lung(2), liver (2), stomach(2), uterine cervix (2), pancreas(1), rectum(1), penis (1), and unknown primary site(1). In all patients, clinical symptoms and laboratory findings were nonspecific. Major CT findings of renal metastases were multiple, small, hypodense lesions concomitant with multiple organ involvement. Although there are few differential points between renal cell carcinoma and metastasis, the single most important differential point was the presence of mass lesion on location other than kidney and in such case, the lesion on kidney proved to be metastasis usually. In cases with remission of primary malignancy, biopsy of new renal lesion seemed to be indispensable.
Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Cervix Uteri ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; Liver ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Penis ; Retrospective Studies

We report computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) findings of a patient with polyostotic Paget disease and multicentric giant cell tumor (GCT). Brain CT scan showed widening of diploic space, cortical thickening and enhancing soft tissue mass in occiput with underlying calvarial destruction. Ill-defined soft tissue masses were also detected in maxillary sinus and buttock with underlying bony destruction on CT. MR image showed multifocal nodules in wide diploic space with low signal intensity on T1 -weighted image and bright signal intensity on T2-weighted image. Mass in occiput showed homogeneous hypointensity to bone marrow on T1-weighted image and homogeneous iso- intensity on T2-weighted image. Multiple nodules in diploic space and occipital mass showed contrast enhancement following administration of Gd-DTPA. Biopsy was performed at scal p, maxillary sinus and buttock, and histologic analysis revealed GCT.
Biopsy ; Bone Marrow ; Brain ; Buttocks ; Gadolinium DTPA ; Giant Cell Tumors* ; Giant Cells* ; Humans ; Maxillary Sinus ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed