Twenty two cases of extraarticular skeletal tuberculosis which showed unusual radiological features arereported and classifed into several categories with discussion on the differential diagnosis. Radiologicalpatterns of skeletal tuberculosis is so variable that with any kind of skeletal changes the possibility of theskeletal tuberculosis should not be excluded because of lack of its classical patterns.
Classification ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Tuberculosis

The authors experienced one case of interstitial keratitis due to congenital syphilis, which showed interstitial keratitis, positive serologic test for syphilis(VDRL) and typical Hutchinson's teeth but no deafness. Syphilitic interstitial keratitis is characterized by wide spread infiltrative inflammation of corneal stroma. chronic course and benign tendency. A brief review and relating literatures are presented.
Corneal Stroma ; Deafness ; Inflammation ; Keratitis* ; Serologic Tests ; Syphilis, Congenital

No abstract available.
Constriction, Pathologic* ; Diagnosis*

Isolated situs in versus of the stomach with otherwise normal position of the thoracic and abdominal vescera isan extremely rare anomaly occurring in two distinct forms. Majority of cases are associated with eventration of the diaphragm and are reported as being confused with spontaneous pneumothorax of pyopneumothorax at base of the right lung. The right sided stomach may produce interesting and confusing changes in liver scan. We have experienced 2 cases of the isolated dextrogastria.
Diaphragm ; Liver ; Lung ; Pneumothorax ; Stomach

Vertebral pedicle screws have been widely used for secure posterior spinal fixation. When postoperative CT scan films were made, the blurring of pedicle screws were observed and we could not figure nut the exact diameter of screw and canal encroachment. There is no information in the difference hetween actual diameter and measured diameter of pedcile screws in CT yet. In this study, we try to find out partial voiume averaging artifact of pedicle screws made of stainless steel and titanium. Partial volume averaging artifact occurs when the shape of an object changes within the thickness of the CT slice or when a relatively small object is only partially included within the slice. Four pig cadaveric spinal column including 6 vertebrae each were prepared and CT scans were performed after insertion of C-D screws(stainless steel) to the left and TSRH screws(titanium) to the right pedicle. Another CT scans were performed after insertion of C-D screws to the right and TSRH screws to the left pedicle. The third CT scans were made after removal of all the pedicle screws. Actual C-D screw diameter was 6mm and CT scanned diameter was 8. I 6+/-0.66mm. Actual TSRH diameter was 6.5 mm and CT scanned diameter was 6.59+/-0.34mm. In conclusion, stainless steel has more partial volume averaging artifact than titanium. Safety margin of pedicle screw made of stainless steel is about 2mm and that of titanium is about 1 mm.
Artifacts ; Cadaver ; Nuts ; Spine ; Stainless Steel* ; Titanium* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

Obstruction of the inferior vena cava(IVC) is an uncommon condition, and the collateral pathway variesaccording to the level, extent, duration and the cause of obstruction. Membranous obstruction of IVC in itshepatic portion might be one of the principal cause among Korean, though not reported till now. Analytical studywas perfomred in 26 cases of IVC obstruction with various cause. 1. The level of the obstruction showed relativelyeven distribution as follows, upper caval in 11 cases, middle caval in 6 cases and infrarenal in 9 cases. 2. Themain cause of upper caval obstruction was membranous obstruction . 3. As a whole, the main collateral pathway wasthe central route(22 case:85%). 4. Characteristic collateral pathway unique to upper caval obstruction wastranshepatic vanous collateral, developed between the obstructed segment and unobstructed segment of IVC. 5.Scalloping of left cardiac border produced by pericardiophrenic venous collateral was characteristic simple chestX-ray finding in IVC obstruction.
Collateral Circulation ; Vena Cava, Inferior

The authors experienced a case of congenitallimbal dermoid, which occured in the right eye in a 30-year-old female. The tumor was noted at birth and grew more rapidly at puberty. The tumor appeared as round yellowish swelling with dry epidermoid surface at the lateral side of limbus about 6 to 8 o'clock position and had a few hairs. The mass was measured 0.8 x 0.5 x 0.4 cm in size. Histologically it was covered by the keratinized stratified squamous epithelium with underlying fibrocollagenous tissue which is embedded by the ectodermal derivatives such as hair follicles, sebaseous and sweat glands. The mass was resected surgically from the limbus for the relief of irritative symptom and cosmetic reason. The case report is reviewed with the pertinent literatures.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Dermoid Cyst* ; Ectoderm ; Epithelium ; Female ; Hair ; Hair Follicle ; Humans ; Parturition ; Puberty ; Sweat Glands

We have experienced a case of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Syndrome in 35 years-old male. The Voght-Koyanagi-Harada Syndrome is characterized by severe chronic bilateral Ilveitis associated with alopecia, poliosis, vitiligo and signs of meningeal irritation. In presented case, there was extensive posteriar synechia, numerous mutton fat K.P. in addition to cataract, poliosis, vitiligo, headache and dysacousia. Steroid was administered over period of 6 monthes in gradual decreasing dosage, but there was no appearent effect on the course of the disease.
Adult ; Alopecia ; Cataract ; Headache ; Humans ; Male ; Uveomeningoencephalitic Syndrome* ; Vitiligo

CT is the most accurate and reliable method for the diagnosis of intracerebral and intraventricularhemorrhage. The precise anatomic extent of the hematoma, associated cerebral edema, ventricular deformity anddisplacement, and hydrocephalus are all readily assessed. Aside from head trauma, the principal cause ofintracerbral hematoma is hypertensive vascular disease. Although hematomas from various causes may present similarCT appearances frequetnly the correct etiology may be suggested by considereation of patient's age, clinicalhistory, and the location of the hematoma. The analytical study was performed in 180 cases of intracerebralhamorrhages by CT from Oct. 1981 to Jan. 1983. The results were as follows; 1. The most prevalent age group was6th decade(37.2%) Male was prevalent to female at the ration of 1.6 to 1. 2. The most common symptom and sign wasmental distrubance (48.7%), motor weakness(23%), headache(10.6%), nausea and vomiting (9.8%). 3. The causes ofhemorrhage were hypertension (53.9%), head trauma (30.6%), aneurysm(6.1%) and A-V malformation (7.2%). 4. Thefrequent locations of hemorrhage were basal ganglia and thalamus(40.4%), lobes(35%), ventricles(21.8%). 5. Thedistribution of hemorrhage was intracerebral hemorrhage(65.6%), intracerebral and intraventricularhemorrhage(30.3%), intraventricular hemorrhage(4.4%).
Basal Ganglia ; Brain Edema ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Hypertension ; Male ; Methods ; Nausea ; Vascular Diseases ; Vomiting

Splenoportography has been proved as a useful method for the evaluation of circulatory distrubances in portalhypertension. Authors analyzed the various aspects of these disturbances on splenoportography in 22 cases thatwere performed under the clinical suspicion of portal hypertension during recent 6 years, from May, 1976 to July,1982 at the Department of Radiology, National Medical Center. The results were as follows; 1. Liver cirrhosis wasthe most frequent cause of intrahepatic obstruction type in portal hypertenstion (86%). 2. The portal pressure wasmore than 400 mmH2O in 67% of the cases (range; 300-540 mmH2O). 3. In the majority of the cses, the higher theportal pressure was, the more dilated splenic and portal veins were. The diameter of portal vein was more than15mm in 79%, more than 21 mm in 47% of the cases (range; 10-26mm). The diameter of splenic vein was more than 15mmin 48% of the cases (range; 7-23mm). Especially the diameter of splenic vein was larger than that of portal veinin 20% of the cases. 4. There was no definite correlation between the development of collateral circulation andthe diameter of splenic and portal veins. 5. The filling of collateral circulation was definite sign of portalhypertenstion, though not regular. In portal hypertension, the collateral circulation was formed via coronary vein(91%), short gastric vein (64%), inferior mesenteric vein(36%). 6. Splenic-hilum time was delayed in 64% of thecases. Intrahepatic portal vein emptying time was more than 6 seconds in all the cases. 7. Most of the cases (91%)could be diagnosed as portal hypertension with vasculogram and hepatogram.
Collateral Circulation ; Hypertension, Portal ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Methods ; Portal Pressure ; Portal Vein ; Portography ; Splenic Vein ; Veins