No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant* ; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant* ; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight*

No abstract available.
Blood Pressure* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to identify the effect of a comprehensive education program on knowledge, self-efficacy for self-management, and coping style among newly diagnosed patients with breast cancer. METHODS: This study used a one group pretest-posttest design. Data were collected from April to September, 2010 at a cancer-specific hospital in Goyang, Korea. One hundred forty three women received a comprehensive education program consisting of 3 sessions composed of 8 themes was conducted by several experts (nurses, doctors, dietitians and clinical psychologists) for 3.5 hours a day for 3 days (1 day before and 2 days after the operation). RESULTS: This study showed that knowledge and self-efficacy for self-management significantly increased after education (p<.001). In terms of coping style, however, only the subscale, 'anxious preoccupation', significantly improved (p=.001) among 5 subscales of coping style after education. CONCLUSION: A comprehensive education program for newly diagnosed patients with breast cancer was effective for increasing the knowledge and self-efficacy for self-management of breast cancer, in addition to decreasing the coping style of 'anxious preoccupation'. However, it did not improve other coping style. Therefore, other strategies for improving coping style are needed.
Adaptation, Psychological ; Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Self Care ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify symptom clusters in patients with breast cancer and to investigate the associations among them with functional status and quality of life (QOL). METHODS: A convenient sample of 303 patients was recruited from an oncology-specialized hospital. RESULTS: Two distinct clusters were identified: A gastrointestinal-fatigue cluster and a pain cluster. Each cluster significantly influenced functional status and QOL. Based on these two clusters, we identified subgroups of symptom clusters using K-means cluster analysis. Three relatively distinct patient subgroups were identified in each cluster: mild, moderate, and severe group. Disease-related factors (i.e., stage, metastasis, type of surgery, current chemotherapy, and anti-hormone therapy) were associated with these subgroups of symptom clusters. There were significant differences in functional status and QOL among the three subgroups. The subgroup of patients who reported high levels of symptom clusters reported poorer functional status and QOL. CONCLUSION: Clinicians can anticipate that breast cancer patients with advanced stage, metastasis, and who receive mastectomy, and chemotherapy will have more intense gastrointestinal-fatigue or pain symptoms. In order to enhance functional status and QOL for patients with breast cancer, collective management for symptoms in a cluster may be beneficial.
Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Humans ; Mastectomy ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Quality of Life

A 12-year-old boy developed cholestatic hepatitis with Steven-Johnson syndrome following the use of amoxicillin. The skin lesion and general condition were improved over 2 weeks, but jaundice was gradually aggrevated. We performed liver biopsy, on 30th hospital day, which showed cholestatic hepatitis. The patient improved gradually and liver function was normalized 5 months later.
Amoxicillin ; Biopsy ; Child ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Jaundice ; Liver ; Male ; Skin

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was the development and validation of knowledge scale for patients with breast cancer (KS-Br) in Korea. METHODS: The process included the construction of a conceptual framework, generation of preliminary items, and the test of validity and reliability of the scale. Thirty-seven items were developed through an evaluation process by 10 experts and 24 items were finally confirmed through item analysis. Psychometric testing was performed with a convenient sample of 303 women with breast cancer. The data was analyzed using independent t-test, Pearson's correlation, and calculation of KR-20. RESULTS: Participants averaged 70.8% correct on the test. The KS-Br has 24 items consisting of 5 categories: incidence of breast cancer, diagnosis and treatment, symptom management, sexuality, and maintenance of daily life. Validity was supported by the use of content validity, known-group technique, and criterion-related validity. Women who had undergone education intervention scored significantly higher than women who had not (p<.001). KS-Br scores were significantly correlated with those of Mishel's Illness Uncertainty Scale (r=-.214, p<.001). Internal consistency of the KS-Br was appropriate (KR20=.805). CONCLUSION: This study reveals that the KS-Br is reliable and valid scale to measure the knowledge of breast cancer. Therefore, this scale can be effectively utilized to assess the knowledge of patients with breast cancer regarding their disease.
Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Psychometrics ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sexuality ; Uncertainty

Fifty-three full-term, preterm, term-SGA newborn infants with perinatal asphyxia and 16 full-term infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy were studied with color Doppler sonography to assess the postnatal change of the cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) longitudinally. A control group of 81 healthy infants also had CBFV recordings during the lst week of life Pourcelot Resistance index (PI) and area under the velocity curve (AUVC) were calculated to quantitate changes in CBFV. PI values of full-term infants with perinatal asphyxia were within normal range, but AUVC values were higher on day 1 and 7 than those of normal full-term infants. In preterm and full-term SGA infants with perinatal asphyxia, PI and AUVC values were also within normal range during the lst week of life. Full-term and preterm infants with perinatal asphyxia showed no significant difference in PI and AUVC values according to the degree of asphyxia. The full-term infats with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy showed significant decreased PI and increased AUVC values from the 2nd day of life of life compard with those of normal and asphyxiated infants reflecting high cerebral blood flow state. We also found a relationship between disturbances of consciousness and the PI. The prediction of occurrence of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy by abnormal Doppler studies(PI< or =0.55) showed a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 88%.
Asphyxia* ; Blood Flow Velocity* ; Consciousness ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain* ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn* ; Infant, Premature ; Reference Values ; Sensitivity and Specificity

No abstract available.
Trigeminal Nerve*

PURPOSE: Antenatal steroid(ANS) therapy in premature infants is an effective therapeutic strategy in reducing the incidence of respiratory distress syndrome, intraventricular hemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis, and patent ductus arteriosus. For premature infants to gain improved survival, adequate weight loss during early postnatal days and maintenance of electrolyte balance is important, however, it is uncertain that ANS affect them. We hypothesized that ANS augment fluid and electrolyte balance and dinical outcome of very low birth weight(VLBW) who had received restricted fluid regimen. METHODS: Mechanically ventilated VLBW infants who survived over 30 days were selected. We reviewed medical records to compare weight loss, urine output, electrolyte concentration, blood pressure during five days of life and clinical outcome between premature infants who received ANS(n=15) and who were not(n=58). RESULTS: Gestational age, birth weight were similar between two groups. Volume of administered fluid, urine output, and initial weight loss during first five days of life were similar, however, weight loss on postnatal day five were lower in study group than control group(p=.039). Blood pressure, serum sodium concentration, serum potassium concentration, and urine specific gravity were similar between two groups. Incidence of respiratory distress syndrome was lower in study group(20%) than control group(48%)(p=.041), however, incidence of sepsis were greater in study group(33%) than control group(7%)(p=.029). CONDUSION: ANS did not affect fluid and electrolyte balance of very low birth weight(VLBW) infants who had received restricted fluid regimen. ANS decreased the incidence of respiratory distress syndrome in this population, however, increased the incidence of sepsis.
Birth Weight ; Blood Pressure ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing ; Gestational Age ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant* ; Infant, Low Birth Weight* ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Medical Records ; Parturition ; Potassium ; Sepsis ; Sodium ; Specific Gravity ; Water-Electrolyte Balance* ; Weight Loss