No abstract available.
Cytomegalovirus Infections* ; Cytomegalovirus*

PURPOSE: The authors developed a Two Spots Enuretic Voiding Diary (TSEVD) that consisted of the first voiding amount (V1) after awakening and the single voiding amount (V2) for the patient's need to void before sleep. We evaluated the efficacy and usefulness of the TSEVD for the treatment of enuretic children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From Apr. 2002 to Feb. 2004, 71 patients with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis and 55 patients with polysymptomatic nocturnal enuresis were enrolled in this study. The treatment modality and termination were assigned by the V1, V2 and V3 (age- matched normal bladder capacity) on the TSEVD. RESULTS: The percent of patients whose V3 exceeded their V2 and their ratios of V1/V2 and V2/V3 were decreased after treatment in both the monsymptomatic and polysymptomatic group. For the monosymptomatic patients, the submission rate, the good response rate and the cure rate were 73.7%, 19.7% and 65.6%, respectively, whereas the submission rate, the good response rate and cure rate for the polysymptomatic patients were 84.4%, 22.9% and 41.7%, respectively. The recurrence rates in both groups were 14.8% and 35.4%, respectively. Both the patients and parents showed good understanding of the TSEVD, the principles of treatment and their role in the treatment. The Student's t-test (paired) was used for the statistical analysis. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggests that the TSEVD was useful to evaluate the progress of treatment and the treatment goals for each patient suffering with nocturnal enuresis. The treatment end point, based on the TSEVD, was effective in reducing recurrence by determining the treatment effect.
Child ; Enuresis ; Humans ; Nocturnal Enuresis* ; Parents ; Recurrence ; Treatment Outcome ; Urinary Bladder ; Urination

BACKGROUND: After the World-Wide-Web(www) appeared, history has abruptly fallen in the new era of the Internet. In Korea, after the first medical internet site appeared, there was a major development in the WWW. But the quality and quantity of the web-page remains in infancy. Therefore, through the analysis of the Korean medical internet sites on present status, directions for development of Korean medical internet sites can be made. METHODS: From April 1st, 1999 to June 30th, 1999 in the Korean web sites, we visited 1044 sites. They included "Medmark Korea" representing medical search engine, "Eulji medical library" in the Eulji Medical College Hospital, and the medical sites of the "Yahoo Korea", "naver.com", and "simmani.com". Through this internet search, the information about locations, first publication year, classification by characteristics of homepage, speciality, web service form was obtained. Among these sites, acquireing from insufficient source further, questions were sent to the webmasters of 143 websites by e-mail. The questions included 7 items on the characteristic of webmasters, 8 items on the general characteristics of internet sites, 8 items on the contents, and their own comments. RESULTS: The occupation of webmasters was as follows: were physicians 94.4%, were male. According to age distribution, those in their thirties was 48.2%, and forties, 33.3%. Amone the 521 websites confirmed, there were 44 sites in 199 151 in 1996, 237 in 1997, and 79 in 1999. According to the distribution of location, metropolitan areas including Seoul, Inchon, Kyonggi occupied 68.9% among total. The main portion of the intentional visitors was ordinary people comprising 39.2%, members 9.8%, and physicians 7.7%. Concerning the purposes of publication, 38.7% of websites intended for health education to citizens, 31.0% for publicity of hospital or organizations, and 15.5% for exchange of information between members. For the most significant contents, 26.6% focused on the common-sense health issues, 35.7% on exchange of special medical information, 8.4% on education data for medical students, and 13.3% on publicity of hospitals. For the update interval, 22.0% renewed their sites within 1 week, 22.7% in 1 month, 23.4% in 3 months, and 20.6% in 6 months. For the effectiveness of homepage, the rate of `good' and `very good' response was 52.8%. CONCLUSION: Our investigation, showed that medical internet sites are lead by those in their thirties and forties. Web sites was concentrated to metropolitan areas where informational infrastructure was well developed. It is emphasized that efforts to informationalization by are needed by, governmental medical database systems should be established, and that the guidelines which enables validity of medical information should be set forth.
Age Distribution ; Classification ; Education ; Electronic Mail ; Gyeonggi-do ; Health Education ; Humans ; Incheon ; Internet* ; Korea* ; Male ; Occupations ; Publications ; Search Engine ; Seoul ; Students, Medical

Recently, we have experienced case of juxtapapillary retinal angioma. This patient was a 32-year-old Korean woman who visited our hospital because of blurred vision in her left eye for about 20 days. At the time of examination, the visual acuity of this eye was 0.3. Ophthalmoscopic examination revealed a sherical, highly vascularized tumor at the temporal margin of the optic papilla and peripapillary retinal exudates. This case was presented with a brief review of the literature.
Adult ; Exudates and Transudates ; Female ; Hemangioma* ; Humans ; Optic Disk ; Retinaldehyde* ; Visual Acuity

No abstract available.
Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Humans ; Statistics as Topic*

No abstract available.
Mucopolysaccharidosis II*

No abstract available.
Mucopolysaccharidosis II*

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to investigate the factors that affect the severity of urinary incontinence and the quality of life of women with urinary incontinence. METHODS: An exploratory correlation research design was applied and the sixty women who responded that they currently experience involuntary urine leakage at least once per week were invited to participate in the study. RESULTS: According to the study results, the factors that significantly contribute to the severity of urinary incontinence were age, number of parity, and number of normal deliveries. Other influencing factors, such as obesity, menopausal state, hysterectomy, and number of episiotomies, were not significant to predict the severity of urinary incontinence. Urinary incontinence frequency per week and duration of experiencing urinary incontinence were shown to be factors that significantly affect quality of life. CONCLUSION: In women above 60 years old, multiparity, and multiple experiences of vaginal delivery tended to present a higher level of severity of urinary incontinence. In addition, women with higher frequencies of urinary incontinence per week and a longer duration of urinary incontinence showed a lower level of quality of life.
Urinary Incontinence/*etiology/physiopathology/psychology ; Risk Factors ; *Quality of Life ; Middle Aged ; Humans ; Female ; Adult

Phylloides tumor is very similar to giant fibroadenoma in that they have benign appearance in breast radiologic image. Fibroadenoma has no malignant potential, but phylloides tumor is locally recurrent, invasive and may occasionally metastasize. It thus appears that evaluation of the differential point of the two tumor groups by radiologic study is very important. We retrospectively compared sonographic find;.ngs of 6 cases of phylloides tumor with those of 4 cases of fibroadenoma, which proved pathologically in Ye mgnam University Hospital from 1984 to 1986. The mean age of the patients were 31.8 years old(from 14 to 41 years old) in phylloides tumor and 28.8 years old (from 17 to 40 years old) in giant fibroadenoma, respectively. The viewpoints of this analysis were size, shape and contour of the masses, internal echo pattern, posterior enhancement, and especially the existence of peripheral cyst or septal band echo. We found that diffenentiation of these two tumors by sonography was difficult. But peripheral cyst was found only in phylloides tumor and septal band echo was found largely in giant fibroadenoma. Although the existence of peripheral cyst or septal band echo in the breast mass was not pathognomonic findings, we suggest that the existence of septal band echo is preferential finding to fibroadenoma, and peripheral cyst is preferential finding to phylloides tumor.
Breast ; Diagnosis, Differential* ; Fibroadenoma* ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: To evaluate the ultrasonomammographic findings of breast fibroadenoma. METHODS AND MATERIALS:We evaluated the ultrasonographic findings of histopathologically proved 135 fibroadenomas in 103 patients from January 1986 to September 1990, retrospectively. The ultrasonographic examinations were performed with a hand held linear array 5MHz transducer(Acuson 128(USA). Aloka 650, 280(Japan)). A sonopad was also used during the examinations. RESULTS: The common ultrasonographic findings of fibroadenomas usually showed smooth contour in 120 lesions(88.9% ), oval or round shape in 114 lesions(84.4%), uniform homogeneous echogenecity in 106 lesions(78.5% ), intermediate hypoechoic internal echo pattern in 105 lesions(77.8%), thin boundary echo in 117 lesions(86.7%), lateral shadowings in 97 lesions(72%), and posterior acoustic enhancement in 56 lesions(41%). The longitudinal/transverse ratio of fibroadenoma was revealed between 0.2 and 1.14 (mean 0.58) and usually under 1.0 (68.9%). CONCLUSION: Finally, most of fibroadenomas are easily diagnosed by ultrasonography but if differential diagnosis from malignant breast mass is difficult due to atypical appearance, other combined modalities such as filmmammography, fine needle aspiration biopsy and MRI are necessary.
Acoustics ; Biopsy ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Breast* ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Fibroadenoma* ; Hand ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Retrospective Studies ; Shadowing (Histology) ; Ultrasonography