No abstract available in English.
Clinical Study ; Tibia

No abstract available.
Classification* ; Tibia*

We performed a epidemiologic study to find a prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy. We reviewed 130 diabetic patients who had been performed the fundus examination for the first time for retinopathy at the ophthalmic department of Chung Ang university hospital from March 1993 to December 1993. We studied epidemiologic work-up sheet and performed ophthalmic and laboratory examination. The patients' ages ranged from 25 to 81 years, with an average age of 58.9 years. The age, sex, intraocular pressure, fasting blood sugar, post cibos 2 hours (Pc2hrs), age of onset, residence, smoking, alcohol drinking, diet pattern, blood type, treatment method and menstruation status were not significantly correlated with prevalence of diabetic retinopathy statistically(p>0.05). But the duration of diabetes(p<0.01), glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1C) and cataract operation(p<0.05) were significantly correlated with diabetic retinopathy statisically. The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was 28.5%(background changes in 21.5%, preproliferative changes in 4.6% and proliferative change in 2.4%). The mean interval between diagnosis of diabetes and the first examination of retinopathy was 6.62 years.
Age of Onset ; Alcohol Drinking ; Blood Glucose ; Cataract ; Diabetic Retinopathy* ; Diagnosis ; Diet ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Fasting ; Female ; Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Menstruation ; Prevalence* ; Risk Factors* ; Smoke ; Smoking

Since researches and clinical experiences up to now provide us with little helps in predicting what type of spinal tuberculosis will result in good healing by chemotherapy alone without kyphosis or with minimum kyphosis, it seems impractical to await natural healing with unsightly kyphosis. Therefore, my opinion is that surgery to achieve early cure and to correct and/or prevent kyphosis is desirable. The two-stage operation
Child ; Drug Therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Kyphosis ; Parents ; Spine ; Transplants ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Spinal

Hydroxyapatite particle(HA) impregnated polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA) bone cement was fabricated in order to induce bony tissue ingrowth into the pores left behind by the resorption of the HA. The amount of HA was 0, 10, and 30% by weight. After mixing the HA with bone cement it was cast in a 4mm inside diameter glass under(10mm long). Each specimen was cut into half and used for in vitro and in vivo experiment. Diametral and compressive mechanical test were made to evaluate it's mechanical properties. SEM(scanning electron microscope) and ESCA(electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis) were used to evaluate the surface characteristics of the specimen. Push-out test and histologic studies were made after implanting the specimens for 6 weeks in the distal portion of rabbit femur. The mechanical test results show that the average flexural and diametral strength decreased linearly with the increased amount of HA significant(p < 0.05). The SEM and qualitative analysis using ESCA of the implant specimens showed no definite exposure of HA particles due to PMMA covering the surface. The surface of the implanted specimens were ground for histologic comparative analysis and the halves of each sample were decalcified. The interfacial shear strength of the implanted specimens showed significant increases in the 30% HA specimens compared with the 0% ones but the 10% specimens did not show any difference. However, there was also no statistically significant(p>0.05) difference between nondecalcified and decalcified specimens in each 10% and 30%, although the latter showed higher interfacial shear strength. Histologic observation showed little evidence of bone ingrowth into HA, but not remarkable. In conclusion, this study could not confirm the earlier results of the bone particle impregnated bone cement without surface grinding since the HA particles were not exposed at the surface by casting it into a glass tube.
Durapatite ; Femur ; Glass ; In Vitro Techniques ; Polymethyl Methacrylate ; Shear Strength ; Spectrum Analysis

With the development of gray scale ultrasonography, detection and evaluation of hepatic parenchymal diseaseincluding space occupying lesions are easitly performed and frequently used in the world. Thirty-five cases ofhistopathologically proven and ultrasonographically suggested hepatocellular carcinoma are retrospectivelystudied. The results were as follows; 1. Ultrasonographic findings of hepatocellular carcinoma show hyperechoicpattern in 22 cases (63%), hypoechoic pattern in 2 cases (6%), and mixed pattern in 11 cases (31%). 2. The marginof tumor is ill-defined in 19 cases (54%) and well defined in 16 cases (46%). 3. The size of tumor by sonographicmeasurement was larger than 5cm in diameter in 33 cases (94%). 4. The number of tumor is solitary in 19 cases andmultiple in 16 cases. The sites of involved lobe were right lobe in 22 cases (63%), left lobe in 2 cases (6%), andboth lobes in 11 cases (31%). 5. Associated sonographic findings were hepatomegaly with focal contour change in 25cases (71%), splenomegaly in 16 cases (46%), cirrhosis of liver in 15 cases (43%), ascites in 11 cases (31%) andtumoral thrombosis in portal vein in 8 cases (23%). 6. The sex ratio is 6:1 male predominence and the age rangesfrom 32 to 76 years with highest incidence in 5th and 6th decades.
Ascites ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Fibrosis ; Hepatomegaly ; Humans ; Incidence ; Liver ; Male ; Portal Vein ; Sex Ratio ; Splenomegaly ; Thrombosis ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: Ultrasound(US) findings of hyperechoic renal medulla in gouty nephropathy were compared with clinical features such as serum uric acid level to evaluate its usefulness in determination of the treatment and prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of US of 36 cases of gouty arthritis was classified into four groups according to the medullary echogenicity (O:normal, grade 1 :renal medulla as isoechoic as renal cortex, grade 2'heterogeneous increased echogenicity of renal medulla than that of renal cortex, grade 3 :the echogenicity of all renal medulla higher than that of renal cortex with renal contour deformity) which were compared with the serum urate level and associated conditions. Nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis were analyzed through the KUB and the RGP. RESULTS: The degree of hyperechoic renal medulla was related to the level of serum uric acid, and in group IV, six cases of obstructive uropathy (nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis) showed deformed renal contour. Associated conditions such as hypertension, alcoholism, diabetes mellitus and drug abuse were distributed in relation to the degree of hyperechoic renal medullas. CONCLUSION: US findings of hyperechoic renal medulla was related with uric acid level in gouty nephropathy and thus could be valuable for treatment decision and prediction of prognosis.
Alcoholism ; Arthritis, Gouty ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Hypertension ; Nephrocalcinosis ; Nephrolithiasis ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Substance-Related Disorders ; Ultrasonography* ; Uric Acid

Mechanical valves have generally good hemodynamic function and indefinite durability, but they have a higher thromboembolic potential and thus a requirement for permanent anticoagulation, because thrombotic occlusion is a potentially fatal complication of heart valve replacement surgery. We had experienced mitral valve replacement because of thrombosis around the replaced prosthetic valve. The patient's mechanical prosthetic valve was acutely obstructed by thrombosis, and it was a life threatening condition. We performed partial bypass through femorofemoral bypass for life saving. Femorofemoral bypass improved oxygenation and cardiovascular stability, and mitral valve replacement was successfully performed without complication.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Embolism ; Emergencies* ; Heart ; Heart Valves ; Hemodynamics ; Mitral Valve* ; Oxygen ; Thromboembolism ; Thrombosis

An 18-year-old man presented as marked proteinuria on urinalysis. Abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography indicated the presense of horseshoe kidney without any other abnormalities. A percutaneous computed tomography (CT) guided renal biopsy was done. Of 6 glomeruli obtained, global sclerosis was found in 2. Some segments of affected glomerulus showed peripheral solidifications and focal hyalinosis, which are Periodic acid-Schiff and Masson Trichrome stain positive. The diagnosis of horseshoe kidney with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) was made by clinical and pathological findings. The authors report here a case of FSGS occurring in horseshoe kidney which has not yet been reported in Korea.
Adolescent ; Azo Compounds ; Biopsy ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Glomerulonephritis ; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental ; Humans ; Kidney ; Korea ; Methyl Green ; Proteinuria ; Sclerosis ; Urinalysis