Salmonella enterica serotype Choleraesuis causes swine paratyphoid, with clinical findings of enterocolitis and septicemia. However, the clinicopathological features of S. Choleraesuis infections in pigs have not been reported in Korea. We describe the pathological findings of two weaned pigs with S. Choleraesuis infections, presenting with diarrhea, cough, and sudden death. Pathological examination indicated severe necrotic colitis in pig 1 and septicemic lesions in pig 2. Multidrug-resistant S. Choleraesuis was isolated from the pigs’ lungs and intestinal contents. Further research is required for the surveillance of S. Choleraesuis infections in pigs and the virulence estimation in the S. Choleraesuis isolates.

Background and Objectives: The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor (NLRP) 3 is known as a member of the NLR family, and it has been confirmed that the NLRP3 inflammasome is associated with various diseases such as asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, metabolic disorders and multiple sclerosis, as well as other auto-immune and auto-inflammatory diseases. However, the role of NLRP3 in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) has not yet been explored.Subjects and Method Forty-four specimens of nasal polyps and 25 specimens of uncinate processes were collected from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, and 25 specimens of uncinate tissues were collected from patients who underwent other rhino-surgeries. The western blot assay was employed to analyze the expression of NLRP3; interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-17A were detected using immunohistochemistry and real-time polymerase chain reaction. The production of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced IL-1β and IL-17A with or without the NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor (MCC950) was measured using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in cultured dispersed nasal polyp cells. Results: NLRP3 showed a high level of expression in nasal polyps than in the control group (p<0.01). The expression of IL-1β and IL-17A was significantly higher in nasal polyps in the CRSwNP group than in the control group (p<0.05). LPS-induced production of IL-1β was significantly suppressed by treatment with the NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor (p<0.05). Conclusion The NLRP3 inflammasome plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of CRSwNP, and thus MCC950 can be considered a prospective therapeutic for NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammation in nasal polyps. Our data provide new evidence that IL-17A is involved in inflammasome-associated inflammation in nasal polyps.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the zirconia surface architecturing technique (ZSAT) on the bond strength between veneering porcelain and zirconia ceramic. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 20 sintered zirconia ceramic specimens were used to determine the optimal surface treatment time, and were randomly divided into 4 groups based on treatment times of 0, 1, 2, and 3 hours. After etching with a special solution, the surface was observed under scanning electron microscope, and then the porcelain was veneered for scratch testing. Sixty 3 mol% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal ceramic blocks were used for tensile strength testing; 30 of these blocks were surface treated and the rest were not. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA, the Tukey post-hoc test, and independent t-test, and the level of significance was set at α=.05. RESULTS: The surface treatment of the zirconia using ZSAT increased the surface roughness, and tensile strength test results showed that the ZSAT group significantly increased the bond strength between zirconia and veneering porcelain compared to the untreated group (36 MPa vs. 30 MPa). Optimal etching time was determined to be 2 hours based on the scratch test results. CONCLUSION: ZSAT increases the surface roughness of zirconia, and this might contribute to the increased interfacial bond strength between zirconia and veneering porcelain.
Ceramics ; Dental Porcelain ; Tensile Strength

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No abstract available.
Korea* ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Radon*

Infective endocarditis carries high risk of morbidity and mortality. Rapid diagnosis and effective treatment are essential to good patient outcome. However, nonspecific symptoms and various clinical manifestations make early diagnosis difficult. Here we report on an unusual case of infective endocarditis initially presenting as acute pyelonephritis (APN). A 44-year-old female with a history of heart surgery was admitted for fever and both flank pain. The patient had undergone dental extraction 3 weeks prior to admission. Her lab work and physical examination revealed pyuria, positive bacterial culture of both blood and urine, costovertebral knocking tenderness, and CT findings consistent with APN, leading to her initial diagnosis as APN. Despite treatment with antibiotics, her symptoms did not improve while further physical examination revealed newly developed Osler's nodes and Janeway lesions. Echocardiography showed vegetation of the aortic valve with severe aortic regurgitation. She was diagnosed as a case of infective endocarditis and was treated successfully.
Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Aortic Valve ; Aortic Valve Insufficiency ; Diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Echocardiography ; Endocarditis* ; Endocarditis, Bacterial ; Female ; Fever ; Flank Pain ; Humans ; Mortality ; Physical Examination ; Pyelonephritis* ; Pyuria ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Thoracic Surgery

No abstract available.

Our objective was a retrospective assessment of the management modalities that provided the most beneficial treatment in hemorrhagic moyamoya disease during the last 13 years at our institution. The clinical results of 44 patients with hemorrhagic moyamoya disease were investigated, comparing revascularization surgery (direct, indirect, and combined bypass) or conservative treatment. Angiographic features, rebleeding, and clinical outcome were investigated. Six of the 35 patients (17.1%) with revascularization surgery experienced rebleeding, as did 4 of 9 patients (44.4%) with conservative treatment. However, patients who underwent bypass surgery had a lower chance of rebleeding. No significant difference in chance of rebleeding was observed between bypass surgery and non surgery groups (p > 0.05). Cerebral angiography performed after bypass surgery showed that for achieving good postoperative revascularization, direct and combined bypass methods were much more effective (p < 0.05). While the risk of rebleeding in the revascularization group was generally lower than in the conservative treatment group, there was no statistically significant difference between treatment modalities and conservative treatment. Although statistical significance was not attained, direct and combined bypass may reduce the risk of hemorrhage more effectively than indirect bypass.
Adult ; Cerebral Angiography ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Moyamoya Disease ; Retrospective Studies

Our objective was a retrospective assessment of the management modalities that provided the most beneficial treatment in hemorrhagic moyamoya disease during the last 13 years at our institution. The clinical results of 44 patients with hemorrhagic moyamoya disease were investigated, comparing revascularization surgery (direct, indirect, and combined bypass) or conservative treatment. Angiographic features, rebleeding, and clinical outcome were investigated. Six of the 35 patients (17.1%) with revascularization surgery experienced rebleeding, as did 4 of 9 patients (44.4%) with conservative treatment. However, patients who underwent bypass surgery had a lower chance of rebleeding. No significant difference in chance of rebleeding was observed between bypass surgery and non surgery groups (p > 0.05). Cerebral angiography performed after bypass surgery showed that for achieving good postoperative revascularization, direct and combined bypass methods were much more effective (p < 0.05). While the risk of rebleeding in the revascularization group was generally lower than in the conservative treatment group, there was no statistically significant difference between treatment modalities and conservative treatment. Although statistical significance was not attained, direct and combined bypass may reduce the risk of hemorrhage more effectively than indirect bypass.
Adult ; Cerebral Angiography ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Moyamoya Disease ; Retrospective Studies

Bacillus (B.) anthracis is the pathogen that causes fatal anthrax. Strain-specific detection of this bacterium using molecular approaches has enhanced our knowledge of microbial population genetics. In the present study, we employed molecular approaches including multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) and canonical single-nucleotide polymorphism (canSNP) analysis to perform molecular typing of B. anthracis strains isolated in Korea. According to the MLVA, 17 B. anthracis isolates were classified into A3a, A3b, and B1 clusters. The canSNP analyses subdivided the B. anthracis isolates into two of the three previously recognized major lineages (A and B). B. anthracis isolates from Korea were found to belong to four canSNP sub-groups (B.Br.001/2, A.Br.005/006, A.Br.001/002, and A.Br.Ames). The A.Br.001/002 and A.Br.Ames sub-lineages are closely related genotypes frequently found in central Asia and most isolates were. On the other hand, B. anthracis CH isolates were analyzed that belonged to the B.Br.001/002 sub-group which found in southern Africa, Europe and California (USA). B.Br.001/002 genotype is new lineage of B. anthracis in Korea that was not found before. This discovery will be helpful for the creation of marker systems and might be the result of human activity through the development of agriculture and increased international trade in Korea.
Africa, Southern ; Agriculture ; Anthrax ; Asia ; Bacillus ; Bacillus anthracis ; California ; Europe ; Genetics, Population ; Genotype ; Hand ; Human Activities ; Molecular Typing ; Tandem Repeat Sequences