The clinical and pathological features of a distinctive female adnexal tumor of probable Wolffian origin (FATWO) are presented. As fat as our knowledge is concerned, no report on the FATWO has been published in Korea. In April, 1986, we experienced a case of FATWO that arose within the leaf of the right broad ligament in a 68 years old female. Clinical data and histopathological findings of the case were discussed and a brief review of the literature on this entity was made.
Female ; Humans

No abstract available.
Humans

Primary extranodal lymphoma of the liver is very rare, approximately thirty-one cases having been reported in the literature. We report one case of primary malignant lymphoma of the liver in a 26-year-old female, who was presented with palpable abdominal mass on the epigastrium for about 40 days. Laboratory findings revealed no specific abnormalities. Peripheral lymph nodes or spleen were not palpable. An abdominal ultrasonogram revealed a huge mass involving the entire left lobe of the liver. Left lateral segmentectomy of the liver was done. The resected lateral portion of left lobe of the liver showed a large solitary mass, 12 cm in the greatest dimension, with a yellowish gray fleshy solid cut surface. Though light microscopic feature was compatible with primary malignant lymphoma, diffuse large cell type, intermediate grade by the working formulation, undifferentiated carcinomas including hepatocellular carcinoma, plasmacytoma, and pleomorphic sarcomas could not be completely ruled out. Thus, marker studies and electron microscopic examination were performed. Immunoperoxidase stains for common leukocyte antigen was positive, and the Leder stain for myeloid granule was negative. Electron microscopic stuids revealed findings of neoplastic lymphoid cells, consistent with malignant lymphoma. Primary lymphoma of the liver has only rarely been reported, and its natural history is unclear. Many of the reported cases have been large cell lymphomas, as in this case.
Female ; Humans ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular

A new technique of plastic reconstruction of penile skin using scrotal skin pedicle graft was devised This technique was applied in 6 patients who were admitted to the Department of Urology, Korea University Hospital during the period of 5 years and 6 months from January 1974 to June 1979 and the results were excellent in all cases. The primary causes of penile skin defect in these patients were injection of paraffin into the subcutaneous tissues of the penile shaft(4 Pts.) and tissue necrosis resulted from infiltration of local anesthetics for performing circumcision (2 Pts.). The procedure was as follows: 1st stage; With the patient in supine position, under general orspinal anesthesia, the removal of paraffin or fibrotic tissues and necrotic tissues were carried out After the length of penile skin defect was measured and the same length was applied in making three parallel transverse incisions over the scrotal skin and the skin between these incisions was undermined to from two tunnels underneath. The penis was drawn downward through the proximal tunnel to cover the denuded area over the dorsal side of the penis and the glans was exposed. Both the proximal and distal borders of the proximal tunnel were approximated to healthy skin borders of dorsal aspect of the penis. The scrotal skin flap forming distal tunnel was then reversed inside out inwardly and upwardly and approximated the proximal and distal borders with healthy skin borders of distal and proximal borders of ventral aspect of the penis so that the ventral denuded area of the penis could be covered. Then the denuded scrotal skin was closed by approximation of remained scrotal skin edges. Sutures. were carried out in interrupted manner with 4-O Nylon except the ventral side of proximal portion of the penis and closure of the scrotal skin, where 3-0 catgut were used. 2nd stage; After healing had taken place the penis was freed by simple dissection of two lateral pediclcs from the scrotum under local anesthesia. Then simple closure was performed on every dissected borders. The advantages of this technique are as follows: 1. Indwelling of urethral catheter or urinary diversion such as suprapubic cystostomy isnot necesssry in first stage operand and the patient can void urine without difficulty. 2. No discomfort or pain is complained on erection of the penis because the penis is lifted away from the scrotum by the reversed scrotal skin flap. 3. The second stage of this operation is so simple that the procedure is performed under local anesthesia. 4. There isono danger of urethral injury in second stage operation
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Local ; Anesthetics, Local ; Catgut ; Circumcision, Male ; Cystostomy ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Necrosis ; Nylons ; Paraffin ; Penis ; Plastics* ; Scrotum ; Skin* ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; Supine Position ; Sutures ; Transplants* ; Urinary Catheters ; Urinary Diversion ; Urology

This is a clinical observation of congenital anomalies in 97newborn infants associated with hydramnios. These infants were born at severance Hospital, Wonju Christian Hospital and Jeonju Presbyterian Hospital from Jan. 1966 to Aug. 1975. The results were as follows: 1. The frequency of hydramnios was 86 cases in 25,566 deliveries in that period, which was 0.34%. 40infants (41.2%) has congenital anomlies of 97 infants associated with hydramnios by adding twin babies. 2. Hydramnios was associated with high incidence of prematurity and low-birth-weight infant. Who also has high incidence of anomalies 3. The incidence of associating anomalies was 77.8%(75 cases) and multiple anomaly was noticed in 37.5%(15 cases)of these infants. The most common organ involved with these anomalies was central nervous system in 32.0% (24 cases). 13 cases of anencephaly was included. 4. The perinatal mortality rate was 46.4%(45cases) and 60.0%(27cases) of these were associated with congenital anomalies. 20 (60.0%) of 33 live-births with congenital anomalies were died in neonatal period.
Anencephaly ; Central Nervous System ; Gangwon-do ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Jeollabuk-do ; Perinatal Mortality ; Polyhydramnios* ; Protestantism ; Twins

Bone marrow (BM) has been considered as a reservoir of stem/progenitor cells which are able to differentiate into ectodermal, endodermal, and mesodermal origins in vitro as well as in vivo. Following adequate stimulation, such as granulocyte stimulating factor (G-CSF) or AMD3100, BM resident stem/progenitor cells (BMSPCs) can be mobilized to peripheral blood. Several host-related factors are known to participate in this mobilization process. In fact, a significant number of donors are resistant to G-CSF induced mobilization protocols. AMD3100 is currently used in combination with G-CSF. However, information regarding host-related factors which may influence the AMD3100 directed mobilization is extremely limited. In this study, we were to get some more knowledge on the host-related factors that affect the efficiency of AMD3100 induced mobilization by employing in vivo mobilization experiments. As a result, we found that C57BL/6J mice are more sensitive to AMD3100 but less sensitive to G-CSF which promotes the proliferation of BMSPCs. We excluded S1P as one of the host related factor which influences AMD3100 directed mobilization because pre-treatment of S1P receptor antagonist FTY720 did not inhibit BMSPC mobilization. Further in vitro experiments revealed that BALB/c mice, compared to C57BL/6J mice, have less BMSPCs which migrate in response to host related factors such as sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and to CXCL12. We conclude that AMD3100-directed mobilization depends on the number of BMSPCs rather than on the host-related factors. These results suggest that the combination of AMD3100 and G-CSF is co-operative and is optimal for the mobilization of BMSPCs.
Animals ; Bone Marrow* ; Ectoderm ; Endoderm ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; Granulocytes ; Humans ; Mesoderm ; Mice* ; Receptors, Lysosphingolipid ; Tissue Donors ; Fingolimod Hydrochloride

Background: Leptin is a 16-kDa fat-derived hormone with a primary role in controlling adipose tissue levels. Leptin increases fatty acid oxidation (FAO) acutely through adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and on delay through the SUMO-specific protease 2 (SENP2)–peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ/γ (PPARδ/γ) pathway in skeletal muscle. Leptin also directly increases FAO and decreases lipogenesis in adipocytes; however, the mechanism behind these effects remains unknown. Here, we investigated the role of SENP2 in the regulation of fatty acid metabolism by leptin in adipocytes and white adipose tissues. Methods: The effects of leptin mediated by SENP2 on fatty acid metabolism were tested by siRNA-mediated knockdown in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The role of SENP2 was confirmed in vivo using adipocyte-specific Senp2 knockout (Senp2-aKO) mice. We revealed the molecular mechanism involved in the leptin-induced transcriptional regulation of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1b (Cpt1b) and long-chain acyl-coenzyme A synthetase 1 (Acsl1) using transfection/reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation. Results: SENP2 mediated the increased expression of FAO-associated enzymes, CPT1b and ACSL1, which peaked 24 hours after leptin treatment in adipocytes. In contrast, leptin stimulated FAO through AMPK during the initial several hours after treatment. In white adipose tissues, FAO and mRNA levels of Cpt1b and Acsl1 were increased by 2-fold 24 hours after leptin injection in control mice but not in Senp2-aKO mice. Leptin increased PPARα binding to the Cpt1b and Acsl1 promoters in adipocytes through SENP2. Conclusion These results suggest that the SENP2-PPARα pathway plays an important role in leptin-induced FAO in white adipocytes.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a common disease worldwide. However, nasal TB is quite rare, and the diagnosis of nasal TB requires a high index of suspicion. The most common symptoms of this unusual presentation are nasal obstruction and nasal discharge. We present a case of nasal TB with involvement of the hard palate presenting with a chronically progressive nasal deformity and ulceration of the hard palate. A biopsy confirmed the diagnosis, and medication for TB was started and the lesions resolved. When a patient presents with chronic ulcerative lesions that do not respond to antibiotic treatment, TB should be included in the differential diagnosis. Biopsy of the lesion can aid in the confirmation of the diagnosis.
Biopsy ; Congenital Abnormalities* ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Nasal Obstruction ; Nose ; Palate, Hard ; Tuberculosis ; Ulcer

The authors have experienced a case of Duchenne type of progressive muscular dystrophy in a 9 year old boy who was presented with significantly increased serum enzymes related to this disedase and musle biopsy findings compatible with muscular dystrophy, reported with review of literatures concerned.
Biopsy ; Child ; Humans ; Male ; Muscular Dystrophies*

Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) accounts for 5% to 10% of all thyroid cancers, and originates from the parafollicular or C-cells of the thyroid gland. More than 50% of patients present with a thyroid mass and up to 75% of these patients have locoregional lymph node metastasis at the time of diagnosis. The neuroendocrine C-cells of the thyroid gland secrete calcitonin, a relatively accurate tumor marker for MTC. Plasma basal and stimulated calcitonin measurements have been used to screen patients who are at risk of developing MTC and indispensable for the detection of residual MTC after initial surgical treatment. The overall survival rate of patients with MTC is intermediate to that of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer and anaplastic thyroid cancer. Postoperative radioiodine ablation therapy, chemotherapy and radiation therapy are generally ineffective. Surgical resection, therefore, remains the only definite treatment for patients with MTC. Unfortunately, residual MTC as indicated by elevated plasma basal or stimulated calcitonin levels is common even after apparent complete initial surgical resection. We present a case of metastatic MTC in the anterior mediastinum with review of the literatures.
Calcitonin ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Mediastinum* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Plasma ; Survival Rate ; Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Neoplasms*