No abstract available.
Rupture* ; Thorax*

Recently, primary lung cancer has increased markedly in incidence and prevalence in korea. From July 1979 to June 1996, 183 patients were diagnosed and operated for primary non-small cell lung cancer, and evaluated clinically. 1. There were 164 males and 19 females(M:F=8.6:1), and the peak incidence of age was 50th and 60th decade of life(73.7%). 2. Most of symptoms were respiratory, whitch were cough(44.8%), chest pain(30.1%), dyspnea(20.8%), hemoptysis or blood tinged sputum(19.7%), sputum(15.3%), and asympto- matic cases were 12.0%. 3. Histopathologically, sguamous cell carcinoma was 68.9%, adenocarcinoma 19.7%, bronchioloalveolar cell carcinoma 2.2%, adenosguamous cell carcinoma 1.6%, and large cell carcinoma 7.7%. 4. In the operation, pneumonectomy was 41.0%, lobectomy 42.1%, bilobectomy 13.1%, segmentectomy or wedge resection 1.6%, and explore tharacotomy 2.2%, and the overall resectability was 97.8%. 5. Postoperative complications were developed in 31.9%, and operative mortality was 1.6%. 6. In postoperative stagings, stage I was 38.3%, stage II 14.8%, stage III a 31.1%, and stage III b 15.8%. 7. The overall cumulative survival rates were 1 year 77.8%, 3 year 42.7%, and 5 year 39.5%. The 5 year survival rate according to stage were stage I 53.0%, stage II 46.5%, stage III a 28.2%, and stage III b 13.8%(p<0.05), according to operation method were lobectomy 45.0%, and pneumonectomy 30.3%(p<0.05), and according to mediastinal involvement were N1 32.0%, and N2 11.1%(p<0.05). The 5 year survival rate according to histologic type were squamous cell carcinoma 43.1%, adenocarcinoma 23.3%, and large cell carcinoma 30.3%(p>0.05).
Adenocarcinoma ; Carcinoma, Large Cell ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Hemoptysis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Lung Neoplasms ; Male ; Mastectomy, Segmental ; Mortality ; Pneumonectomy ; Postoperative Complications ; Prevalence ; Survival Rate ; Thorax ; Tolnaftate

BACKGROUND: The CarboMedics prosthetic heart valve was produced in an attempt to improve the existing valve designs and was especially concerned with easily the implantation and further reduction of turbulence. Precise positioning of the valve in situ was achieved by the abilityof the valve to rotate relative to the sewing ring. Improved monitoring is possible due to increased radiopacity and the dacron sewing ring is coated with carbon to reduce pannus overgrowth. The leaflets have an opening angle of 78 degrees that apparently allows a rapid synchronous closure The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical performance of the CarboMedics valve prostheses(45 mitral 13 aortic and 7 double aortic-mitral valve replacement) were implanted in 65 patients(mean age 48.75+/-9.74 years) RESULT: The operative mortality was 3.1%(2/65) causes of death were low cardiac output syndrome. Total follow up was 1831 patient-months and mean follow up was 29.06+/-10.97 months/patient. No structural failure hemorrhage valve thrombosis and late death have been observed. Embolism occurred at a rate of 0.65%/Patient-year. Actuarial survival and thrombombolism free rate at 36 months were 96.9% and 98.4% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The CarboMedics valve stands for low valve related complicatons.
Carbon ; Cardiac Output, Low ; Cause of Death ; Embolism ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Valve Prosthesis ; Heart Valves* ; Heart* ; Hemorrhage ; Mortality ; Polyethylene Terephthalates ; Thrombosis

BACKGROUND: Mitral valve replacement(MVR) with chordal preservation in patients with mitral vlavular disease has been proven to be beneficial for left ventricular function and for reduction of postoperative complication. MATERIAL AND METHOD: From January 1995 to July 1996, the early postoperative results of mitral valve replacement were compared between 20 patients who underwent chordae resection(classic MVR group) and 10 patients who underwent chordae preservation(preservation MVR group) in the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chunbuk National University Hospital. RESULT: There was no significant difference between the two groups in age, sex, NYHA functional class, cardiothoracic ratio, echocardiographic finding, cardiopulmonary bypass time and aortic cross clamping time. The difference between preoperative and postoperative cardiothoracic ratio after 3 months was not statistically significant. At echocardiographic left ventricular evaluation, ejection fraction and fractional shortening decreased slightly in the preservation group then preoperative value (p=0.47, p=0.12), however, decreased significantly in the classic MVR group(p=0.03, p=0.04), and were statistically significant between the two groups(p=0.03, p=0.02). CONCLUSION: We conclude that MVR with chorda preservation seems to have a beneficial effect on postoperative left ventricular performance in mitral valve disease than the classic MVR.
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Constriction ; Echocardiography ; Humans ; Mitral Valve* ; Postoperative Complications ; Ventricular Function, Left

BACKGROUND: A pleural effusion is not a disease entity but a clincial sign of systemic or pleural disease. Although the diagnosis of pleural effusion can often be done by toracentesis and pleural needle biopsy the yeild of positive diagnosis is low.
Biopsy, Needle ; Diagnosis ; Pleural Diseases ; Pleural Effusion* ; Thoracoscopy*

PURPOSE: Cefodizime is a new third-generation cephalosporin which has a structure and immunomodutation properties similar to cefotaxime. Various studies on cefodizime have demonstrated the direct eradication of bacteria in cooperation with the host defense mechanism, particularly with phagocytosis. We evaluated the effects of cefodizime on the phagocytosis of COS-1 cells transfected with FcgammaRI/gammagamma or FcgammaRIIA cDNA. METHODS: Phagocytosis was measured using the in vitro COS-1 cell modeling system according to Schreiber's method. COS-1 cells, which lack endogenoous Fcgammareceptors but have phagocytic potential, were transfected with either FcgammaRI/gammagammaor FcgammaRIIA cDNA. COS-1 cells, as target cells, were treated with antibiotics for 1 or 24 hours and incubated for 30 min with IgG coated sheep RBCs. Adhered IgG coated sheep RBCs were removed after brief exposure to hypotonic phosphate buffered saline. Phagocytosis index (PI) was calculated as the number of ingested RBCs per 100 phagocytic cells after wright-Giemsa staining. RESULTS: COS-1 cells tranfected with FcgammaR (either FcgammaRI/gammagamma or FcgammaRIIA cDNA) showed the phagocytic activity against IgG coated sheep RBC, while untransfected COS-1 cells did not. After treatment with cefodizime, phagocytic activity of FcgammaRI/gammagammacDNA transfected COS-1 cells was significantly increased, while that of FcgammaRIIA cDNA transfected COS-1 cells did not. Marked enhancement of phagocytosis of COS-1 cells was observed after treatment with cefodizime, but was not observed with ceftriaxone or moxalactam. CONCLUSION: Cefodizime showed marked enhancement of phagocytic activity of FcgammaR transfected COS-1 cells. FcgammaRI seems to play an important role in the enhancement of phagocytosis. Further studies will be required.
Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacteria ; Cefotaxime ; Ceftriaxone ; COS Cells ; DNA, Complementary ; Immunoglobulin G ; Moxalactam ; Phagocytes ; Phagocytosis* ; Sheep

We experienced a 4-month-old boy presenting with fever and painful scrotal swelling. Diagnostic work-up showed the presence of urinary tract infection and concurrent acute epididymitis. On the voiding cystourethrography, vesicoureteral reflux and urinary reflux through the ejaculatory duct and the seminal vesicle were detected without obvious urethral obstruction. In general, urinary reflux into the seminal vesicle can take place with obstructive lesions of the urethra and may cause epididymitis in infants. We report a case of urinary reflux without urethral obstruction with a brief review of related literatures.
Ejaculatory Ducts ; Epididymitis* ; Fever ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Seminal Vesicles* ; Urethra ; Urethral Obstruction ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux

OBJECTIVE: Patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) presenting within 24 hours of symptom onset are known to be increased risk of hematoma expansion which is closely correlated with morbidity and mortality. We investigated whether tiny enhancing foci ('Spot sign') on axial view of 3-dimensional computed tomography angiography (3D-CTA) source images can predict subsequent hematoma expansion in spontaneous ICH. METHODS: During a 2-year period (March 2007-March 2009), we prospectively evaluated 3D-CTA of 110 patients with spontaneous ICH. Based on source images of 3D-CTA, patients were classified according to presence or absence of 'Spot sign'; 'Spot sign' (+) group, 'Spot sign' (-) group. Radiological factors and clinical outcomes were compared between two groups. RESULTS: Hematoma expansion occurred in 16 patients (15%). Mean Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of patients with hematoma expansion was significantly different compared to score of patients without hematoma expansion (5 vs. 9, p < 0.001). Nineteen patients (16%) of 110 ICH patients demonstrated 'spot sign' on 3D-CTA. Among the 'spot sign' (+) group, 53% of patients developed hematoma expansion. Conversely 7% of patients without 'spot sign' demonstrated the hematoma expansion (p < 0.001). Initial volume and location of hematoma were significantly not associated with hematoma expansion except shape of hematoma. CONCLUSION: Our study showed that patients with hematoma expansion of spontaneous ICH had significant clinical deterioration. And the fact that 'spot sign' (+) group have higher risk of hematoma expansion suggests the presence of 'spot sign' on source images of 3D-CTA can give a clue to predict hematoma expansion in spontaneous ICH.
Angiography ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Glasgow Coma Scale ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is an idiopathic histioproliferative disorder of lymph node and extranodal site. Bone involvement is very rare. We report a case of extranodal RDD of the tibia in 32-year old male. The patient presented with pain with no evidence of lymphadenopathy. Clinico-radiologic diagnosis was metastatic carcinoma or Langerhans cell histiocytosis, but, histopathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis with RDD. We performed curettage on the osteolytic lesion of tibia. In South Korea, there was no report about RDD of the extremity and we want to report this case with review of the literature.
Curettage ; Diagnosis ; Extremities ; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell ; Histiocytosis, Sinus* ; Humans ; Korea ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Male ; Tibia*

BACKGROUND: The cyclin D1 gene is one of the most frequently amplified chromosomal regions(11ql3) in human carcinomas. In laryngeal and head and neck carcinomas, its overexpression has been shown to be associated with advanced local invasion and presence of lymph node metastases. Cyclin D1 may therefore play a key role in cell growth regulation and tumorigenesis. Lung cancer is a worldwide problem and in many contries it is the most lethal malignancy. As relapse is frequent after resection of early stage non-small cell lung cancer, there is an urgent need to define prognostic factors. PURPOSE: This study was undertaken to evaluate the prognostic value of the cyclin D1, that is one the G1 cyclins which control cell cycle progression by allowing G1 to S phase transition, on the patients in radically resected non-small cell lung cancer. METHOD: Total Si cases of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded blocks from resected primary non-small cell 11mg cancer from January 1., 1983 to July 31, 1995 at Hanyang University Hospital were available for both clinical follow-up and immunohistochemical staining using monoclonal antibodies for cyclin D1. RESULTS: The histologic classification of the tumor was based on WHO criteria, and the specimens included 45 squamous cell carcinomas, 25 adenocarcinomas and 11 large cell carcinomas. Cyclin D1 overexpression was noted in 26 cases of 81 cases tested (30.9%). Cyclin D1 expression was not significantly associated with cell types of the tumor, pathological staging and the size of the tumor. But cyclin D1 overexpression was significantly correlated with positive lymph node metastasis(p=0.035). The mean survival duration was 22.76+/-3.50 months in cyclin D1 positive group and 45.38 +/- 5.64 months in cyclin D1 negative group. There was a nearly significant difference in overall survival Between cyclin D1 positive and negative groups(p=0.0515) in radically resected non-small cell lung cancer. CONCLUISON: Based on this study, cyclin D1 overexpressiom appears at important poor prognostic indicator in non-small cell lung cancer and may have diagnostic and prognostic importance in the treatment of resectable non-small cell lung cancer.
Adenocarcinoma ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma, Large Cell ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cell Cycle ; Classification ; Cyclin D1* ; Cyclins* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Genes, bcl-1 ; Head ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Lymph Nodes ; Neck ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence ; S Phase