No abstract available.
Erythema*

No abstract available.
Cyclosporine* ; Scleroderma, Localized*

No abstract available.
Cyclosporine* ; Scleroderma, Localized*

No abstract available.
Melanoma ; Nevus

TGF-p receptor mutation is now considered as one of the carcinogenic process of many tumors. To evaluate whether there is an abnormality in TGF-p type II receptor in osteosarcoma cell lines, we performed Northern analysis, cross-linking assay, luciferase activity and TGF-p growth inhibition assay in four osteosarcoma cell lines: G292, U202, HOS and SaOS. We also transfected the tumor cells with normal TGF-p type II receptor sequence to find if there is a possibility of gene therapy in osteosarcoma. In Northern analysis, Type II receptor expressions were decreased at SaOS, U202 and HOS cell lines. In cross-linking assay, all four cell lines didnt show type II receptor at their cell surface. The growth of these tumor cells were not suppressed by TGF-p. From these findings, we concluded that the normal production of TGF-p type II receptor was impaired in osteosarcoma. The transfection of these tumor cells with normal type II receptor sequence restored growth inhibition by TGF-p. This means even though TGF-p type II receptor is abnormal in osteosarcoma, we can restore its function by transfection of normal sequence. We think that the TGF-p type Il receptor gene therapy can be one of the treatment method for osteosarcoma in the future.
Cell Line* ; Genetic Therapy ; Luciferases ; Osteosarcoma* ; Transfection

PURPOSE: It has been stressed that age itself as well as multiple organ failure are important prognostic factors in acute renal failure (ARF) in children. This study was performed to find out the significance of age factor and underlying disease of ARF in children. METHODS: We tried to review 58 pediatric ARF cases, retrospectively, in the pediatric intensive care unit (excluding the neonatal and surgical intensive care unit cases) of the Samsung Seoul Hospital of Sung Kyun Kwan University from Sept., 1994. to Dec., 1996. RESULTS: We classified the enrolled 58 cases into 5 age groups and more than half were younger than 1 year old. As underlying causes, heart and gastrointestinal disease were predominant in less than 1 month of age group. After 1 year of age, intrinsic renal disease was the most common cause (43-50%). Among the renal disease, systemic lupus erythematosus (10-15 year group), hemolytic uremic syndrome (1-10 year group), and obstructive uropathy (less than 1 year age group) were common etiologies. The mortality was the highest (46.7%) in less than 1 year group and lowest (21.4%) in 10-15 year age group. CONCLUSION: The underlying disorders of ARF in children were different among the age group. Among intrinsic renal diseases, hemolytic uremic syndrome was the most common cause. The difference in the mortality was dependent on age and underlying disease.
Acute Kidney Injury* ; Age Factors ; Child* ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; Heart ; Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome ; Humans ; Critical Care ; Intensive Care Units ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Mortality ; Multiple Organ Failure ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul

PURPOSE: We compared the extent of prostatic involution after treatment with finasteride, a potent 5alpha-reductase inhibitor, with those caused by castration. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rats were divided into two groups: finasteride-treated and castrated ones. Finasteride-treated rats were given 1mg/kg a day orally. The rats were sacrificed immediately, and on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14 and 21 after treatment. The prostate was immediately removed, weighed and either prepared for histological examination detecting apoptotic bodies by hematoxylin and rosin staining or frozen in liquid nitrogen for the determination of intraprostatic DHT concentration and DNA content, for detection of 180-bp DNA ladder by agarose gel electrophoresis. RESULTS: Either finasteride or castration decreased prostate weight and DNA content, which the degree of decrease was more pronounced in castrated group than in finasteride-treated group. Both finasteride and castration caused a decrease in intraprostatic DHT concentration, which these processes occurred to a more rapid and greater extent in finasteride-treated group. By 3 days of finasteride treatment, the intraprostatic DHT concentration decreased to a greater extent with no further significant change thereafter, while castration decreased gradually in intraprostatic DHT concentration up to day 10, with no further significant decrease thereafter. In the pattern of cell loss determined by hematoxylin and eosin staining, apoptotlc bodies were observed typically in castration group but not in finasteride-treated group. In agarose gel electrophoresis, 180-bp DNA ladder was found in finasteride-treated group through experimental days but in castrated after 3 days of experiment this ladder was not found. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that castration caused a more profound involution of rat ventral prostate than finasteride. But the extent of prostatic involution was not correlated with intraprostatic DHT concentration. Although we could not found the apoptotic body in finasteride-treated group, the 180-bp DNA ladder suggesting apoptosis was detected.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Castration* ; DNA ; Electrophoresis, Agar Gel ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Finasteride* ; Hematoxylin ; Nitrogen ; Prostate* ; Rats*

No abstract available.
Paget Disease, Extramammary*

No abstract available.
Osteoarthropathy, Primary Hypertrophic* ; Peptic Ulcer* ; Polyps* ; Stomach*

OBJECTIVES: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a disease of high heritability. Parents of children with ADHD have high parenting stress and low parenting efficacy. In this study, we assessed parents' characteristics including inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity, executive function, anxiety/depression severity level, child's ADHD symptom severity, and parents' emotional distress level. The relationships between severity of ADHD symptoms in children, cognitive and emotional characteristics in parents, as well as parenting stress and parenting efficacy were evaluated. METHODS: 96 parents participated in the study. Each parent assessed their child's ADHD symptom severity, their own ADHD symptom severity, as well as executive function, depression, anxiety, parenting stress and parenting efficacy. Collected data was analyzed using multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: The mean ADHD Rating Scale score of 53 children was 22.91 (±9.63). Of these, 26 (49.0%) were taking medication. Eight (8.3%) of the 96 parents had psychiatric illnesses and 12 (12.5%) had the possibility of ADHD. Mothers showed significantly higher levels of parenting stress (p < 0.001), depression (p=0.006), and parenting efficacy (p < 0.001) compared with fathers. The children's ADHD symptoms, severity, and parental depression were related to high parenting stress. The ADHD symptoms of parents were associated with high parenting stress (p=0.032). Parental executive function was significantly associated with low parenting efficacy (p=0.015). CONCLUSION: Children's ADHD symptoms severity, parental depression and ADHD symptom severity were significantly associated with high parenting stress. Parental executive function was significantly associated with low parenting efficacy. In addition to treating the children with ADHD, evaluation and treatment of parents' symptoms is needed in order to reduce parenting stress and provide a stable parenting environment.
Anxiety ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity* ; Child ; Depression ; Executive Function* ; Fathers ; Humans ; Impulsive Behavior ; Mothers ; Parenting ; Parents*