122 cases of the genitourinary tract tumors admitted to the Department of Urology, National Medical Center, during the period, Aug. 1968 to July 1975 and the followings are the results. 1. 122-cases(12.8%) were tumor patient among 954 (male 702, female 252) Total admitted patients during 7 years. 2. Age distribution was from 5 months to 83 years showing the highest incidence in the 7th decade (30.3%) and cases over 41 years of age were 99(81.1%) 3. Sex ratio of male and female was 5.4:1(103:19) 4. In 122 cases, 42 cases{34.4%) were benign, 77 cases(63. 1%) were malignant and remainders were uncertain pathologically. 5. Among 122 cases, 57 cases(46.7%) were vesical, 35 cases(28.7%) prostatic, 19 cases(15.6%) renal, 5 cases(4.1%) penile. 3 cases(2.5%) testicular and 3 cases(2.5%) were urethral tumors. 6. Operations were performed in 114 patients (93.5%).
Age Distribution ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Sex Ratio ; Urology

To search the effective antisense oligonucleotide that inhibit the growth of Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), six kinds of phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides (S-ODNs) were synthesized and the antiviral activity was assessed by measuring cytopathic effect in Vero cells infected with HSV-1. Of the three dodecamer S-ODNs, cornplernentary to the translation initiation site of IE2 (AS2) and scrambled S-ODN (AS1) showed more significant antiherpetic activity than AS4 complementary to the IE4. Accordingly, the antiviral effect of dodecamer S-ODN was not specific. In contrast to the no inhibitory effect of sense strand S-ODN of ICP8 (AS6), two S-ODNs complementary to the translation initiation site of ICP8 (AS3) and that of IE1 (AS5) showed potent antiherpetic activity assessed in vitro HSV-1 virus yield assay. Antiherpetic effect of AS3 was decreased in proportion to the addition of AS6. The synthesis of viral protein ICPS and IE1 were inhibited in AS3 and AS5 treated HSV-1 infected Vero cells, respectively. These findings suggest that antiherpetic effect of AS3 is specifically mediated by targeting ICPS. S-ODNs had no effect on Vero cell viability. The data suggest that the 19-mer S-ODNs may be effective in antiviral chemotherapy.
Drug Therapy ; Herpes Simplex* ; Herpesvirus 1, Human ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides ; Phosphorothioate Oligonucleotides* ; Simplexvirus* ; Vero Cells

Eleven patients underwent posterior sagittal anorectoplasty(PSARP) as a secondary procedure. Two of them had rectovaginal fistula and another two had rectocutaneous fistula. Six of the rest complained of frequent fecal soiling and the last one had severe anorectal stricture after perineal anoplasty. Five patients had lived with colostomy until the second operations were carried out. The ages at the time of the secondary PSARP were between 7 months and 29 years. Distal colostogram and MRI were taken to evaluate distal colon, position of the rectum and voluntary muscle. All patients had normal sacrum except one who had anorectal stricture. Seven patients, six with fecal incontinence and the other one with rectovaginal fistula had mislocated anorectums. Three patients, two with rectocutaneous fistula, the other one with anorectal stricture, had abdominal approach to obtain enough length of colon for pull-through procedure. With the posterior midsagittal approach, we could manage all the problems, rectovaginal fistulas, rectocutaneous fistulas, strictures and malpositioned rectums, without difficulty. No patients had serious complications except wound infection in one. All patients were satisfied with the results after redo-PSARPs even though normal continence has been achieved in only one patient. Seven patients who had continuous soiling or rectocutaneous fistula, needed no more diapers even though four of them showed fecal staining under stressful condition and the other three showed intermittent fecal leaking less than once a day. The rest three of the patients maintained their continence with support of drugs and/or enemas because of constipation. The PSARP is a popular procedure as a primary operation; however, our results suggested that this procedure also gave us a good opportunity for management of serious complication developed after primary anoplasties.
Colon ; Colostomy ; Constipation ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Enema ; Fecal Incontinence ; Fistula ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Rectovaginal Fistula ; Rectum ; Sacrum ; Soil ; Wound Infection

No abstract available.
Mortality*

Urinary cytology has become an essential element in the diagnosis and management of transitional cell carcinoma(TCC) of the urinary tract. It has the advantage of being noninvasive, inexpensive, and easily accessible. Besides that it can even detect malignancy when unsuspected at cystoscopy. We report a retrospective review of urine cytology in the diagnosis of 83 TCC cases that underwent 295 cytologic evaluation. All patients had biopsy-proven TCC of the bladder, ureter and renal pelvis. The overall inci- dence of the positive cytology cases was 66.2%. To define the cytologic features of tumor cells, we tried to use three cytologic gradings such as "grade 1", "grade 2", and "grade 3" according to the cytologic degree of anaplastic neoplastic cells. These cytologic gades of TCC were relatively well correlated with the histologic grade and tumor invasiveness. This result suggests that the recognition of characteristic cellular features of TCC can suspect the histologic grade and tumor stage. The false negative TCC cases were 78.9%. They showed severe inflammatory or bloody background and a few neoplastic cells. Therefore, a cautious approach for accurate interpretation, personal experience, and proper fixation and processing could expand the role of urinary cytology.
Cystoscopy ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Kidney Pelvis ; Nocturnal Enuresis* ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors* ; Thyroid Gland ; Ureter ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Tract

No abstract available.
Congenital Abnormalities* ; Osteotomy*

Dislocation of the extensor digitorum communis tendon at the level of metacarphophalangeal joint is frequently encountered in the hands of patients who have rheumatoid arthritis, but traumatic dislocation of the tendon is comparatively rare. When it occurs, it is usually in the middle finger. We are reporting two cases which had traumatic dislocations of the extenosor tendons of the index finger at themetacarphophalangeal joint and review related literature concerning clinical, anatomical, and biomechanical studies.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Dislocations ; Fingers ; Hand ; Humans ; Joints ; Metacarpophalangeal Joint ; Tendons

GVHD (Graft-versus-Host Disease) results from the cytotoxic T lymphocytes from the bone marrow recognizing the recipient's minor histocompatibility antigens. In experimental murine models, either CD4+ or CD8+ T-cell subsets can cause GVHD, depending upon the particular strain combination utilized. Recent studies suggest that the keratinocyte undergo apoptosis in GVHD. However, morphological data supporting this concept are still lacking. The present study was undertaken in order to document apoptosis in experimental acute GVHD via sequential analysis of ultrastructure .Acute GVHD was produced across minor histocompatibility loci using appropriately matched murine strains. Acute GVHD was mediated with the use of highly purified preparations of donor CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subsets. Whole T cells were used as a positive control and T cell depleted bone marrow as a negative control. Conventional transmission electron microscopy was used to define apoptosis structurally Sequential ultrastructure revealed that the keratinocyte underwent apoptosis in CD4+, CD8+ and whole T cell groups. This study demonstrates the sequential ultrastructure of the keratinocyte undergoing apoptosis from the beginning to the end. Both of the basal and the suprabasal keratinocytes show the morphology of early apoptosis, and the detachment of the tonofibril from the basement membrane and the adjacent cell was the general findings in the apoptotic cell Sequences of the cytoplasmic condensation was demonstrated . Through ultrastructural quantitation the apoptotic indices were depicted in all the experimental groups. Characteristically, numerous lymphocytes underwent apoptosis in CD8+ groups at day 28 and 35.
Apoptosis* ; Basement Membrane ; Bone Marrow Transplantation* ; Bone Marrow* ; Cytoplasm ; Epidermis* ; Humans ; Keratinocytes ; Lymphocytes ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Minor Histocompatibility Antigens ; Minor Histocompatibility Loci ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; T-Lymphocytes ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; Tissue Donors

The use of resorbable implants has always been attractive to surgeons because there is no need to remove implant ai'ter fracture fixation. Other advantages include decreased load sharing, multi-taskirv ancl no metal toxicity. But the strength and stiffness of resorhable implants are less than those of metallic implants. Therefore, these implants are suitahle for fixation of particular fractwre sites such as cancellous bone and epiphyscs in which shear loads comprise the major strains. The purpose of this experimental study was to determine whether there are changes in mechanical properties and tissue reactions in the polylactic acid (PLA) rod hy surface moditication using plasma coating or hexafluoropropylene (CF3CF=CF2). PLA rods were inserted into the subcutaneous tissue of back and distal femur in rabbits. Rods in subcutaneous tissue were retrieved for material characterization and those in distal femur were ohtained for histologic observation at postoperative 2, 5, 12 and 16 weeks. The results were as follows; 1. The hydrophobicity of PLA surface was successfully ohtained by plasma coating of hexatluoropropylene gas. 2. Thcre is no significant change in tissue reaction. between controi and plasma coating PLA group. 3. The diametral strength and 3-points bending strength of plasma coating groups were higher than those of control group until postoperative 12 wks, but, diminished at postoperative 16 weeks. In conclusion, the plasma coating of PLA rod using fluorocarbon is a reasonable technique to incrcase the surface hydrophohicily and a promising method to delay the reduction of the strength of PLA rod. Further study on thicker plasma coating and Jong term effect including degradation, nsetaholism and excretion of cotated fluorocarhon will be needed.
Femur ; Fracture Fixation ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions* ; Plasma* ; Rabbits ; Subcutaneous Tissue

No abstract available.
Primary Myelofibrosis*