BACKGROUND: This study was performed to develop a dietary self-efficacy questionnaire and to determine how dietary self-efficacy is related to selected biochemical markers and health-related quality of life in hemodialysis patients. METHODS: Participants included 172 patients who had been participating in a dialysis program for at least 6 months at two teaching hospitals. A questionnaire was used to assess socio-demographic factors, dialysis-related factors, dietary self-efficacy, and kidney disease quality of life (KDQOL). Serum levels of potassium and phosphorus and interdialytic weight gain were also measured. RESULTS: The internal reliability of dietary self-efficacy was 0.944 (Cronbach's alpha). Principal component analysis resulted in two factors, situational self-efficacy of compliance with dietary guidelines and self-efficacy of food choice. The correlation analysis showed a significant association between situational self-efficacy of compliance with dietary guidelines and serum potassium and KIDQOL. The average scores of situational self-efficacy of compliance with dietary guidelines and self-efficacy of food choice in the participants were 3.52+/-0.72 and 3.61+/-0.71 respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the situational self-efficacy of compliance with dietary guidelines was significantly associated with serum potassium level and KDQOL and self-efficacy of food choice was significantly associated with KDQOL. CONCLUSIONS: Based on our results, the developed dietary self-efficacy questionnaire may be a suitable survey tool for hemodialysis patients, which can play a role in predicting clinical indicators of patient and health-related quality of life. We recommend further research into clarifying whether the positive effects of increased dietary self-efficacy is maintained in long-term dialysis patients.
Biomarkers ; Compliance ; Dialysis ; Diet ; Hospitals, Teaching ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases ; Linear Models ; Phosphorus ; Potassium ; Principal Component Analysis ; Quality of Life ; Renal Dialysis ; Self Efficacy ; Weight Gain

OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: To determine correlations among ambulatory renin activity, ambulatory blood pressure and microalbumin excretion rate, 66 Korean essential hypertensives were studied after 4 week wash-out period. The ambulatory blood pressure was monitored every 30 minutes and mean BP were calculated automatically. Urinary microalbumin excretion rate(UAER) and ambulatory plasma renin activity(aPRA) collected at mid-day were measured by radioimmunoassays. Subjectives were divided into 2 groups by aPRA value(2ng/ml/hr). RESULT: 14 cases were high renin group and 52 cases low renin group. The mean BP were 148.83/94.69mmHg in low renin group, and 146.57/98.07mmHg in high-renin group without difference. UAER were not different also between both groups. 23.07%(4/14) of non-dippers were included in high renin group and 25.58%(12/52) in low renin group without statistical difference. The aPRA was significantly related to UAER and systolic and diastolic mean blood pressure. Also UAER was related significantly to day mean blood pressures. CONCLUSION: Thus aPRA is thought to be a meaningful indicator to predict hypertensive renal target organ damage as well as blood pressure measured with 24-hr ABPM.
Blood Pressure* ; Hypertension* ; Plasma* ; Radioimmunoassay ; Renin*

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to identify the personality type, problematic drinking pattern, and stress coping style of the nasal bone fracture patients by comparing those with general fracture patients. METHODS: 50 nasal bone fracture patients due to violence and 50 general fracture patients due to simple trauma, such as fall and traffic accident were conveniently selected. RESULTS: The study results showed that nasal bone fracture patients due to violence significantly presented higher level of A type personality and more problematic drinking pattern than general fracture patients due to simple trauma. Stress coping style, however, did not show significant difference between two groups. CONCLUSION: In order to prepare prevention strategies for basal bone fracture in the future, health education alter problematic drinking habit to sound drinking pattern may be offered and provided nursing interventions tailored to A type personality.
Accidents, Traffic ; Adaptation, Psychological ; Drinking ; Fractures, Bone ; Health Education ; Humans ; Nasal Bone ; Type A Personality ; Violence

PURPOSE: This study was designed to analyze recent trends in research about caregivers of hospitalized children in Korea and to suggest future research directions in this area. METHODS: Eighty one studies selected from http://www.kan.or.kr, www.childnursing.or.kr, www.riss4u.net, and www.ndsl.kr published from 1995 to 2011 were used. The analysis framework of concepts was derived from client domain (Kim, 2000) and knowledge type (Kim et al., 2004). RESULTS: In terms of research design, nonexperimental studies (82.7%) were the most frequent, followed by experimental studies (14.8%) and qualitative studies (2.5%). Mothers were the most frequent caregivers, and hospitalization was the most frequent health problem of the children. In terms of categories of the concepts, 35 (39.3%) studies included essentialistic concepts like coping and adaptation, 15 (16.9%) studies included problematic concepts like anxiety and uncertainty, and 39 (43.8%) studies included health-care experiential concepts like educational needs and nursing needs. In term of knowledge types, there were 35 (39.3%) studies of the explanatory knowledge type, 44 (49.5%) descriptive ones, and 10 (11.2%) prescriptive ones. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that further research is necessary on problematic concepts and prescriptive knowledge types for child health nursing practice which will lead to expanding nursing knowledge.
Anxiety ; Caregivers ; Child ; Child, Hospitalized ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Korea ; Mothers ; Research Design ; Uncertainty ; Child Health

CHAP syndorme consists of choreoathetosis, orofacial dyskinesia, affective change, hypotonia, and pseudobulbar signs. CHAP syndrome was firstly des- cribed with onset 1 to 7 days after induced profound hypothermia and complete circulatory arrest for con- genital heart lesion repair. Since then, only a few cases have been reported until now. Case We report a patient who demonstrated all of the elements of the CHAP syndrome in severe cachexic state. Brain SPECT(99mTC-ECD) shows decreased perfusion in left fronto-parieto-temporal lobe. Comments The pathogenesis of CHAP syndrome is obscure. However our case led us to suggest that more essential component pre- disposing to the CHAP syndrome is hypoxia rather than hypothermia. Furthermore, it seems to be related with circulatory insufficiency in extrapyramidal nervous systems.
Anoxia ; Brain ; Heart ; Humans ; Hypothermia ; Movement Disorders ; Muscle Hypotonia ; Nervous System ; Perfusion

To elucidate the complex of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGF-BPs) in short stature patients, we carried out a prospective study on three patients who were diagnosed as complete GH deficiency at the department of pediatrics from July 1992 to June 1993. The results were summarized as follows: 1) Two circulating IGFs complexed to specific binding protein existed in normal serum. Binding activity was found to be in the 150,000 molecular weight area (the large complex) and 50~60,000 molecular weight area (the small complex). 2) Binding activity for the large complex was seen to be dependent on advancing age, level of large IGF-BP3 complex peacked at the age of 15~16 years. 3) The binding activity for large complex diminished in three GH deficient patients and increased after hGH injection to near or above normal level. 4) Increased growth rate after GH treatment in GH deficient patient was closely related with increasing level of the large IGF-BP3 complex. Therefore we suggest that the large IGF-BP3 complex is regulated by GH. Estimating its serum level is useful for screening of GH deficiency and the monitoring of response to GH therapy.
Carrier Proteins ; Growth Hormone* ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I* ; Mass Screening ; Molecular Weight ; Pediatrics ; Prospective Studies

To date, hundreds of fungal genomes have been sequenced, and many more are underway. Recently developed cutting-edge techniques generate very large amounts of data, and the field of fungal genomics in dermatology has consequently evolved substantially. Methodological improvements have broadened the scope of large-scale ecological studies in dermatology, including biodiversity assessments and genomic identification of fungi. Here, we aimed to provide a brief introduction to bioinformatic approaches to fungal genomics in the field of dermatology. We described the history and basic concepts of fungal genomics and presented sequencing-based techniques for fungal identification, including a list of the revised taxa of dermatophytes, as determined by current phylogenetic analysis. Finally, we discussed the emerging trends in fungal genomics in dermatology, such as next-generation sequencing.

A 57-year-old man presented with a tender, solitary, 0.3 cm-sized, subdermal nodule on the left periocular area for several months. He had surgery three times for recurrent primary mucinous eccrine adenocarcinoma on the right periocular area. Skin biopsy showed a tumor separated by strands of fibrous tissue and small compartments of tumor cells were surrounded by pale-staining mucin. The cluster of tumor cells contained atypical epithelial cells. The mucin stained with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and alcian blue at pH 2.5. Cytokeratin-7 (CK7) was positive for tumor cells, but cytokeratin-20 (CK20) and S-100 were negative. For evaluation of local metastasis, computed tomography was performed and there was no evidence of regional lymph node metastasis. The lesion was removed by local excision and the patient was under close follow up without any sign of recurrence. To our knowledge, double primary mucinous eccrine adenocarcinomas in the opposite body site has never been reported.

PURPOSE: This study is aimed to find out the incidence of late endocrine complications in children who were treated for childhood cancer. METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of 60 patients who was treated for childhood cancer and evaluated various pituitary hormonal functions after completion of treatment from July 1985 to September 2004 at Kyungpook National University Hospital. RESULTS: Forty-four boys (73.3%) and sixteen girls (26.7%) were involved in the study and their ages ranged from 2 months to 14 years. Twenty-four patients were treated with chemotherapy with cranial irradiation and thirty-six were treated with chemotherapy only. The diagnoses included ALL (n=27, 45.0%), AML (n=2, 3.3%), malignant lymphoma (n=13, 21.7%), brain tumor (n=5, 8.3%), MDS (n=1, 1.7%), and other solid tumor (n=12, 20.2%). Forty-four (73.3%) out of the 60 patients had an additional endocrine abnormality. Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) was identified in 44 children (73.3%). Incidence of GHD was significantly higher among those who had received cranial irradiation (91.6% vs. 61.1%) (P=0.009) but this kind of difference was not found in ALL 27 patients (93.7% vs. 72.7%) (P=0.131). Only one patient was diagnosed as primary hypothyroidism, two patients were diagnosed as primary hypogonadism, and these three patients showed growth hormone deficiency. No patient had abnormalities of ACTH and cortisol. CONCLUSION: We thought that late endocrine complications were very common in childhood cancer survivors. Accordingly, we recommended that we should focus on endocrine abnormalities while treating and following up the patients.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ; Brain Neoplasms ; Child ; Cranial Irradiation ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Growth Hormone ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Hypogonadism ; Hypothyroidism ; Incidence ; Lymphoma ; Medical Records ; Survivors*

No abstract available.
Peripheral Nervous System Diseases* ; Scleroderma, Systemic*