No abstract available.
Asthma* ; Child* ; Humans

No abstract available.

Monitoring fetal movement serves as an indirect rneasure of fetal well-being, especially for central nervous system integrity and function. Methods to monitor fetal movement vary from the simple approach of having the mother chart perceived movement to highly specialized methods. However there were no reliable objective monitoring methods in Korea. For development of objective method for evaluating fetal movement, during pregnancy, one-hundred and two pregnant patients were entered to this study. All patients were divided into following 3 groups and each type of monitoring methods were applied. Group 1(N=20): Type I using portable FHR Doppler unit(IFD-100 model, Intermed, Korea). Group 2(N=20): Type II using FHR Microphone(Prenatal Listening Kit, Model FS002, Unisar Inc., US). Group 3(N=62): Type III using conventional ultrasound transducer(Corometric 115 Model, US). In this study, accurate counting of the fetal movementutus were best performed using Type III, because of monitoring fetal movements has its greatest efficiency when using conventional ultrasound transducer of fetal monitor. It was also attractive to doctors and nurses as a convenient methods because it needed only single transducer when compared to Type I and II. Although monitoring fetal body movement permits a general assessment of well-being, no perfect technique is still reliable. Futher techniques would be developed using the results of this study for improvement of several factors such as accuracy and objectiveness
Central Nervous System ; Fetal Monitoring ; Fetal Movement* ; Humans ; Korea ; Mothers ; Pregnancy* ; Transducers ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of surgical treatment for painful varicocele. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the records of 103 patients who had undergone varicocele ligation due to serious pain from January 1996 to December 1999 and followed up for one year. The average patient age was 21 (19-41) years. We analyzed the degree of varicocele, duration and aspects of pain, effects of surgical treatment and results according to surgical techniques. We classified the results into three aspects based on the relief of pain (complete, partial and no relief) and subjective symptoms. RESULTS: As for the degree of varicocele, 40 cases placed in grade II, and 63 in grade III. The nature of the pain was a sharp ache (33 cases), dragging pain (48 cases) and dull pain (22 cases). There was no statistical significance between the grade of varicocele and the degree of pain (p>0.05). Of the 103 patients, 81 (78.6%) experienced complete relief of pain and 10 (9.7%) had partial relief. Only 12 patients (11.6%) had persistent or worsened symptoms. The results for the postoperative de gree of pain relief according to duration of pain did not show any statistical significance (p>0.05), but those according to preoperative quality of pain showed statistical signi ficance (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study supports the conclusion that varicocele ligation is an effective treatment for painful varicocele.
Humans ; Ligation* ; Varicocele*

No abstract available.
Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant* ; Streptococcal Infections*

BACKGROUND: We studied the antibiotic sensitivities to the causative microorganisms of acute simple urinary tract infection for recent 3 years. METHODS: We analyzed 112 microorganisms and their antibiotic sensitivities of the 104 patients who were admitted to or visited the Department of Urology, Catholic University St. Marys Hospital and had more than 10cfu/mL on urine culture from June 1996 to January 1999 retrospectively. RESULTS: The chance of gram negative and positive as causative microorganisms was 72.3% and 27.7% respectively. The most common pathogenic microorganisms were Escherichia coli (67.0%) followed by a-hemolytic streptococci, Entercoccus. In gram negative acute UTI, imipenem, sulperanzone showed relatively higher sensitivity, while cotrimoxazole, ampicillin showed relatively lower sensitivity. In gram positive, vancomycin, penicillin showed relatively higher sensitivity, while ampicillin, imipenem showed relatively lower sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS: We consider that gram negative microorganisms, especially E. coli, is the main cause of acute simple UTI. But, we should be concerned about the increase of gram positive organisms and other gram negative organisms besides E. coli. Regarding to the choice of adequate drug in the treatment of UTI, it is necessary to consider the change of pathologic microorganisms.
Ampicillin ; Escherichia coli ; Humans ; Imipenem ; Penicillins ; Retrospective Studies ; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract* ; Urology ; Vancomycin

PURPOSE: Neonatal seizures are mostly symptomatic and have variable atypical clinical features with very different EEG findings from those of post-neonatal period. This study was performed to determine the common types of epileptiform discharges and their relationship with abnormalities in imaging study in neonates with seizures. METHODS: Fourty one neonates under 7 days of age who had been hospitalized at the Hanyang university hospital from June 1993 to May 1997 were studied retrospectively. Their medical records, results of EEG and brain imaging study were reviewed. RESULTS: 1) The types of neonatal seizures were subtle, generalized tonic, multifocal clonic, focal clonic, myoclonic in order of frequency. 2) The most common epileptiform discharge was excessive sharp transients recorded in 28 cases and the rest showed multifocal spikes, sharp waves, repetitive alpha, repetitive theta in order. Epileptiform discharges appeared on the both hemisphere in 24 cases, right hemisphere in 9 cases and left hemisphere in 8 cases. 3) Imaging study showed no abnormal findings in 27 cases and abnormal findings in 14 cases such as brain edema, intracranial hemorrhage, leukomalacia, subarachnoid hemorrhage, cephalhematoma, craniosynostosis. 4) Among 14 cases with radiological abnormalities, 5 cases had localized abnormalities and 3 of them had the abnormal EEG discharges on the same area concomittantly. But in total only 3 cases of 17 cases with localized epileptiform discharges had abnormalities in imaging study on the same site and so significant relationship between two studies was not observed. 5) As for the prognosis of seizures, subsided in 23 cases without any antiepileptic drugs, 13 cases had no seizure after taking medicine for few days and 5 cases needed continuous antiepileptic drug. CONCLUSION: This study showed no meaningful relationship between abnormal EEG findings and localization by imaging study in neonatal seizure but we concluded that brain imaging study was needed to determine degree of encephalopathy in neonatal seizures.
Anticonvulsants ; Brain Edema ; Craniosynostoses ; Electroencephalography ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Medical Records ; Neuroimaging ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Seizures* ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

No abstract available.
Animals ; Apoptosis* ; Collagen* ; Insulin* ; Rats* ; Streptozocin*

To elucidate the complex of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGF-BPs) in short stature patients, we carried out a prospective study on three patients who were diagnosed as complete GH deficiency at the department of pediatrics from July 1992 to June 1993. The results were summarized as follows: 1) Two circulating IGFs complexed to specific binding protein existed in normal serum. Binding activity was found to be in the 150,000 molecular weight area (the large complex) and 50~60,000 molecular weight area (the small complex). 2) Binding activity for the large complex was seen to be dependent on advancing age, level of large IGF-BP3 complex peacked at the age of 15~16 years. 3) The binding activity for large complex diminished in three GH deficient patients and increased after hGH injection to near or above normal level. 4) Increased growth rate after GH treatment in GH deficient patient was closely related with increasing level of the large IGF-BP3 complex. Therefore we suggest that the large IGF-BP3 complex is regulated by GH. Estimating its serum level is useful for screening of GH deficiency and the monitoring of response to GH therapy.
Carrier Proteins ; Growth Hormone* ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I* ; Mass Screening ; Molecular Weight ; Pediatrics ; Prospective Studies