No abstract available.
Chorion* ; Chorionic Villi*

No abstract available.
C-Reactive Protein* ; Chorioamnionitis* ; Female ; Humans ; Membranes* ; Pregnancy ; Rupture*

Vertebral pedicle screws have been widely used for secure posterior spinal fixation. When postoperative CT scan films were made, the blurring of pedicle screws were observed and we could not figure nut the exact diameter of screw and canal encroachment. There is no information in the difference hetween actual diameter and measured diameter of pedcile screws in CT yet. In this study, we try to find out partial voiume averaging artifact of pedicle screws made of stainless steel and titanium. Partial volume averaging artifact occurs when the shape of an object changes within the thickness of the CT slice or when a relatively small object is only partially included within the slice. Four pig cadaveric spinal column including 6 vertebrae each were prepared and CT scans were performed after insertion of C-D screws(stainless steel) to the left and TSRH screws(titanium) to the right pedicle. Another CT scans were performed after insertion of C-D screws to the right and TSRH screws to the left pedicle. The third CT scans were made after removal of all the pedicle screws. Actual C-D screw diameter was 6mm and CT scanned diameter was 8. I 6+/-0.66mm. Actual TSRH diameter was 6.5 mm and CT scanned diameter was 6.59+/-0.34mm. In conclusion, stainless steel has more partial volume averaging artifact than titanium. Safety margin of pedicle screw made of stainless steel is about 2mm and that of titanium is about 1 mm.
Artifacts ; Cadaver ; Nuts ; Spine ; Stainless Steel* ; Titanium* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

No abstract available.
Biopsy* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Pregnancy* ; Statistics as Topic*

No abstract available.
Bone Density* ; Female ; Lactation* ; Postpartum Period*

Primary adenocarcinoma of the fallopian tube is an extremely rare malignancy of the female genital tract. We had experienced a case of primary adenocarcinoma of the left fallopian tube which diagnosed ineidentally on the basis of the biopsy findings, and reported the case with a brief review of the concerned literatures.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Biopsy ; Fallopian Tubes* ; Female ; Humans

BACKGROUND: Coverage of defects of the pretibial area remains a challenge for surgeons. The difficulty comes from the limited mobility and availability of the overlying skin and soft tissue. We applied variable pedicled perforator flaps to overcome the disadvantages of local flaps and free flaps on the pretibial area. METHODS: Eight patients who had the defects in the anterior tibial area were enrolled. Retrospective data were obtained on patient demographics, cause, defect location, defect size, flap dimension, originating artery, pedicle length, pedicle rotation, complication, and postoperative result. The raw surface created following the flap elevation was covered with a split thickness skin graft. RESULTS: Posterior tibial artery-based perforator flaps were used in five cases and peroneal artery-based perforator flaps in three cases. The mean age was 54.3 and the mean period of follow-up was 6 months. The average size of the flaps was 63.8 cm2, with a range of 18 to 135 cm2. There were no major complications. No patients had any newly developed functional deficit of the lower leg. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that pedicled perforator flaps can be an alternative treatment modality for covering pretibial defects as a simple, safe and versatile procedure.
Arteries ; Demography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Free Tissue Flaps ; Humans ; Leg ; Perforator Flap ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin ; Surgical Flaps

BACKGROUND/AIMS: To evaluate the therapeutic outcomes of the endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) technique for the treatment of gastric subepithelial tumors (SETs). METHODS: A systematic literature review was conducted using the core databases. Data on the complete resection rates and the procedure-related perforation rates were extracted and analyzed. A random effects model was then applied for this meta-analysis. RESULTS: In all, 288 patients with 290 SETs were enrolled from nine studies (44 SETs originated from the submucosal layer; 246 SETs originated from the muscularis propria layer). The mean diameter of the lesions ranged from 17.99 to 38 mm. Overall, the pooled complete resection rate was estimated to be 86.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 78.9 to 91.3). If the analysis was limited to the lesions that originated from the submucosal layer, the pooled complete resection rate was 91.4% (95% CI, 77.9 to 97). If the analysis was limited to the lesions that originated from the muscularis propria, the pooled complete resection rate was 84.4% (95% CI, 78.7 to 88.8). The pooled procedure-related gastric perforation rate was 13% (95% CI, 9.4 to 17.6). Sensitivity analyses showed consistent results. Finally, publication bias was not detected. CONCLUSIONS: ESD, including endoscopic muscularis dissection, is a technically feasible procedure for the treatment of SETs. However, selection bias is suspected from the enrolled studies. For the development of a proper indication of ESD for SETs, further studies are needed.
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; Humans ; Publication Bias ; Selection Bias

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to evaluate the quality of health information on the internet using DISCERN. METHODS: Breast cancer, asthma, depression, obesity were selected to be the tracer conditions of the health information. To collect information about these 4 tracer conditions, we first select top 9 popular Korean websites which provide health information in January 2004. Nine websites include 6 commercial, 3 hospital. To compare quality of internet health information provided by Korean public institute and other countries', we select Healthguide in Korea, MEDLINEplus in USA and NHS direct online in UK. Overall, a total of 45 heath information provided by 10 Korean, 2 other countries' websites were evaluated by two nurses independently using DISCERN. DISCERN is a heath information quality assessment instrument consists of sixteen five-point- scale item questionnaire. The score was compared between Korean commercial and hospital websites and between Korean public institute's website and those of USA and UK. RESULTS: Korean internet health information scored 2.0 for overall quality score. Internet health information of commercial websites scored 1.8 for overall quality score that was lower than hospital websites(2.4). Internet health information provided by Korean public institute scored 3.0 compared 3.3(MEDLINEplus) and 3.8(NHS direct online). CONCLUSION: Internet health information in Korea hardly meets DISCERN standard that means Korean health information have a problem in quality. Especially, Internet health information of commercial websites needs relatively urgent improvement in quality.
Asthma ; Breast Neoplasms ; Consumer Health Information ; Depression ; Internet* ; Korea ; Obesity ; Surveys and Questionnaires