No abstract available.
Osteosarcoma* ; Retinoblastoma*

No abstract available.
Immunoglobulins* ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*

This study was conducted to identify the effects of a planned exercise program based on Bandura's self efficacy model on metabolism, and the exercise compliance in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The study design was a nonequivalent pre-test post-test control design. Thirty four type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, who received follow-up care regularly through the diabetic out-patient clinic, were randomly sampled for this study. Twenty patients were assigned to the experimental group and fourteen patients were assigned to the control group. In the experimental group, a planned exercise program is composed of an individualized exercise prescription for 12 weeks, an individual education, and even a telephone coach program. In the case of the control group, they were instructed to continue with their usual schedules. The data collection period was from March 1999 to February 2000 Data were analyzed using SPSS/WINDOW 10.0program. The results were as follows. 1. In the experimental group, the level of fasting blood sugar has significantly decreased from 188.20 mg/dl to 155.55 mg/dl after planned exercise program (F= 16.86, p=.000). For lipid metabolism, body fat per cutaneous decreased from 27.16% to 26.57% after planned exercise program. The score of self efficacy has increased from 64.20 to 66.65 after planned exercise program and it was statistically significant (F=4.850, p=.040) The functional vital capacity has increased from 3.28 liter to 3.37 liter and it was statistically significant(F=7.300, p=.020). 2. In an after effect of a planned exercise program, 35 percent of the subjects who participated in a planned exercise program continued to exercise for another six months. In conclusion, the planned exercise program can improve cardiopulmonary function, glucose, and lipid metabolism. This program was show a positive effect on the self efficacy and exercise compliance.
Adipose Tissue ; Appointments and Schedules ; Blood Glucose ; Compliance* ; Data Collection ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* ; Education ; Fasting ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glucose ; Humans ; Lipid Metabolism ; Metabolism* ; Outpatients ; Prescriptions ; Self Efficacy ; Telephone ; Vital Capacity

PURPOSE: To observe the risk factors of renal scar in children with first acute pyelonephritis (APN) who had photopenic defects on initial 99mTc-DMSA spect renal scan. METHODS: Forty-seven children with first APN(M : F=33 : 14) who were admitted to Ewha Womans University Hospital from September, 1993 to Febrary, 1998, were divided into renal scar group(N=17, Kidney unit(KU)=18) and non-scar group(N=30, KU=39) according to follow-up 99mTc-DMSA spect renal scan. The risk factors were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in age, gender, laboratory parameters, causative organism, a pattern of defect on initial 99mTc-DMSA spect renal scan, the presence of vesicoureteral reflux(VUR) and rate of febrile break-through infection between renal scar and non-scar group(P>0.05). The duration of fever before the treatement(3.4+/-2.94 vs. 2.1+/-2.29) and the rate of prolonged fever over 5 days[47.1%(8/17) vs 10.0%(3/30)] were significantly different between the two groups(P<0.05). The severity of VUR was also significantly higher in renal scar group than non-renal scar group(P<0.05, r=0.64). CONCLUSION: Duration of fever before the treatment, prolonged fever and high-grade VUR were risk factors of renal scar in childhood APN. Prompt treatment, especially in children with severe VUR, is important to prevent renal scars.
Child ; Cicatrix* ; Female ; Fever ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kidney ; Pyelonephritis* ; Risk Factors* ; Technetium Tc 99m Dimercaptosuccinic Acid ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

PURPOSE: Although immunoglobulin E play a major role in immediate hypersensitivity reactions, some reaginic activity is associated with IgG. Part of the reaginic activity is associated with IgG1, IgG4. In contrast with this reaginic activity of IgG4, allergen-specific IgG4 antibody is allergen neutralizing antibody and contribute to the benificial effect of immunotherapy. The role of specific IgG antibody in allergic disorder is uncertain. The Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus is well known as the major allergen triggering allergic disorder. For determining the distribution of specific IgE and IgG subclass antibodies and their role in allergic disorders. Mehtods : Specific IgE and IgG subclasses to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp) were measured in 62 allergic children (Group I;Bronchial asthma, Group II; Bronchial asthma +Allergic rhintis) aged 8-13 year. All of them had positive skin test to Dp and every data were compared with thet of 42 normal control. RESULTS: 1) Dp specific IgE antibody titer was significantly higher in Group I, II, III than in control group (p< .01). 2) pecific IgG, IgG1, IgG2, IgG4 antibodies were higher in all three allergic groups than in control group (p< .01). 3) Specific IgG, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4 antibodies were higher in patient with asthma and allergic thinitis than asthma or allergic rhnitis. 4) The linear correlation between specific IgE and IgG, IgG1 or IgG4 was not significant (p< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Specific IgE, IgG and IgG subclass antibodies were increased in allergic disorders than normal control. The level of specific IgG and IgG subclass antibodies were higher as the clinical symptoms were more severe.
Antibodies* ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Asthma ; Child* ; Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus* ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity, Immediate ; Immunoglobulin E ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulins ; Immunotherapy ; Pyroglyphidae* ; Skin Tests

No abstract available.
Amputees* ; Energy Metabolism* ; Humans ; Lower Extremity*

OBJECTIVE: This study was to investigate the knowledge, health belief, and vaccination behavior on hepatitis A among university students. METHODS: A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted from 3(rd) to 25(th) March, 2014 and 197 subjects were enrolled in statistical analysis. RESULTS: The result showed that the score for knowledge of the subjects on hepatitis A was 4.59±3.06 out of 15 points, for health belief 2.39±0.28 out of 4 points, and the vaccination rate of the subjects was 12.7%. There was significant difference in hepatitis A knowledge score according to experience of hepatitis A check-up and hepatitis A vaccination history of family members, and in health belief according to gender. For hepatitis A vaccination there was significant difference according to experience of hepatitis A check-up, family history of liver disease, hepatitis A vaccination history of family members, and education history of hepatitis A. As a result of logistic regression analysis experience of hepatitis check-up and hepatitis A vaccination history of family members were significant factors for hepatitis A vaccination. CONCLUSIONS: The level of knowledge, health belief for hepatitis A of the subjects was low and vaccination rate also low. The experience of hepatitis A check-up and hepatitis A vaccination history of family members were factors affecting hepatitis A vaccination. It would be necessary to develop programs for improving level of knowledge and health belief and raising the rate of hepatitis A vaccination for the university students in Korea.
Education ; Hepatitis A* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Korea ; Liver Diseases ; Logistic Models ; Vaccination*

PURPOSE: Vitamin D dependent rickets (VDDR) is a rare, autosomal recessively transmitted disorder characterized by hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, increased alkaline phosphatase, secondary hyperparathyroidism and many other clinical features. Type l VDDR arises from primary deficiency in the renal 1alpha-hydroxylase that produces 1,25 (OH)2D3. So patients with type I VDDR require life long administration of vitamin D. METHODS: There had been 6 children (4 boys and 2 girls) who were diagnosed as type I VDDR in the Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital from March 1983 to May 1997. The medical records, Clinical findings, laboratory, radiologic findings, and response to therapy of these children were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: The median age at diagnosis was 19.5 month, and 2 families (33.3%) had family history of rickets. The major presenting symptoms were bowing leg (100%), short stature (100%), and hypocalcemic tetany (67%). Serum levels of 1,25 (OH)2D3 7.0 3.06pg/mL (normal : 20-76pg/mL), respectively. Pretreatment serum levels of calcium (6.9 1.67mg/mL), phosphate (6.9 1.67mg/mL) and alkaline phosphatase (1892 966.4IU/L) were returned to normal levels after treatment (P<0.01). The height standard deviation scores (Z scores) were increased significantly, also (P<0.01). The side effects detected during vitamin D ttherapy were hypercalcemia (33%), hypercalciuria (67%) and nephrocalcinosis (50%). CONCLUSION: This is the first report of type I VDDR in our country. All patients revealed the characteristic clinical, laboratory and radiologic findings, and one third of patients had positive family history. The treatment improved all the clinical, laboratory and radiologic findings significantly including growth. However, complications developed in some patients during the long- term therapy of vitamin D.
Alkaline Phosphatase ; Calcium ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Hypercalcemia ; Hypercalciuria ; Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary ; Hypocalcemia ; Hypophosphatemia ; Leg ; Medical Records ; Nephrocalcinosis ; Pediatrics ; Retrospective Studies ; Rickets* ; Seoul ; Tetany ; Vitamin D* ; Vitamins*

PURPOSE: Intravenous infusion of albumin has been widely used to relieve severe nephrotic edema in spite of beneficial or harmful effects. The purpose of this study is to examine the harmful effect of albumin on the clinical course of steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome(SSNS). METHOD: We prospectively randomized the patients with nephrotic syndrome(biopsy proven or clinically compatible to minimal change nephrotic syndrome) into the albumin group(20% albumin 1 g/kg) or control group(5% D/W) between March 1997 and September 1999 at Ewha University Mokdong Hospital. We compared the clinical course of the albumin group(n=13) with the control group(n=13). RESULTS: 1. The duration of steroid therapy until complete remission in the albumin group was significantly longer than the control group(13.7+/-6.4 days vs 7.5+/-2.8 days)(P<0.05). 2, The remission duration to the first relapse was significantly shorter in the albumin group (94+/-63.5 days) than the control group(190+/-106.4 days)(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the relapse rate within 1 year after complete remission[77% (10/13) vs 46% (6/13)](P>0.05) and the relapse frequency per year(1.9+/-0.8 vs 1.5+/-0.5) between the albumin and control groups. 3. Spot urine protein/creatinine ratio significantly increased in the albumin group at post-albumin 2, 4 days(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the change of the daily percent weight loss, blood pressure, serum Na, K concentration between the albumin and control groups. CONCLUSION: Albumin infusion in SSNS delayed the response to steroid and shortened the remission duration to the first relapse. Albumin should be carefully used in nephrotic edema.
Blood Pressure ; Edema ; Humans* ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Nephrotic Syndrome* ; Prospective Studies ; Recurrence ; Weight Loss

Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy has become the procedure of choice for initial diagnosis of adrenal masses. However, there have been relatively few reports discussing the FNA cytologic features of adrenal cortical carcinoma. Recently, we experienced a case of FNA cytology of bilateral adrenal cortical carcinoma in a 61-year old man. The smear revealed loosely cohesive pleomorphic tumor cells with hemorrhagic and necrotic background. The tumor cells showed oval to spindle hyperchromatic nuclei and prominent nucleoli with frequent mitotic figures. The cytoplasm of tumor cells was relatively abundant and sometimes vacuolated. These cytologic findings were interpreted as an adrenal cortical carcinoma, undifferentiated pattern.
Adrenocortical Carcinoma ; Biopsy ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Child* ; Cytoplasm ; Diagnosis ; Hemangiosarcoma ; Humans ; Mass Screening* ; Middle Aged ; Urinalysis* ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*