No Abstract available.
Ankle* ; Sarcoidosis* ; Tenosynovitis*

No abstract available.
Cervix Uteri* ; Female ; Lymph Nodes* ; Neoplasm Metastasis*

The main purpose of this study was to examine factors related to exercise behavior of civil airmen. The subjects for the study were 200 civil airman including pilots, flight officers and flight engineers working for "A" airline in South Korea. The data was collected from April, 1 to 30, 1996 using a questionnaire that was developed for this study, and analyzed using SPSS(Statistical Package for Social Science). The subjects consisted of 200 males. The average age was 42 years old and the majority(82.5%) were married. The large proportion of subjects had received four years of college education or more(86%), and reported having a religion(71%). The average height and weight were 171.7cm and 69.4kg respectively. The average working period and total flight time were 8 years and 6002 hours respectively. Ninety-five percent of sample exercised regularly. As for the frequency of the exercise, 4% of the sample never exercised and 26% of the sample exercised less than once per week, while 44.5% and 24.5% of the sample exercised once or two times, and more than three times per week respectively. The type of exercise was strengthening (30.0%) and aerobic exercise such as jogging(54%), mountain climbing(37.5%) and golf(33.0%). Nearly three fourths of the sample were involved in more than the "light heavy" level of intensity(72.5%) and the average duration was 74.9 minutes. The following factors are related to the exercise behavior. 1) Age and marriage were positively related to exercise behavior(p<.05). 2) The cognitive/perceptual factor is related to exercise behavior. Those who perceived that their health was poor, that health was out of their control exercised less frequently. Also those who showed low self efficacy, and those who valued their health less exercised less frequently. 3) Among environmental factors, social support such as peers, spouse and media influenced exercise behavior. Also the use of a health center was related to a higher level of exercise behavior compared to self-regulated home exercise. Irregular duty was the higher barrier to exercise. 4) The type and intensity of exercise were related to exercise behavior, but not duration. Those who have been jogging or mountain climbing regularly, and those who exercised rather intensely showed a higher frequency of exercise. However, there was no difference in duration 5) The results of stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that the variables which were related to exercise behavior were exercise intensity, exercise place and whether the subject was married. These three factors accounted for 37% of the variance.
Adult ; Education ; Exercise ; Fibrinogen ; Humans ; Jogging ; Korea ; Male ; Marriage ; Self Efficacy ; Spouses ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: We evaluated the capability of MR in the diagnosis of anomalous pulmonary venous connection (APVC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The patient group consisted of 11 total APVC and 8 partial APVC diagnosed with MR. Echocardiography was performed in all cases, cardiac angiography in 12 cases and operation in 12 cases. We compared MR findings with those of operation, echocard iography and cardiac angiography. RESULTS: In surgically proven 12 cases, diagnostic accuracy of preoperative MR, echocardiography and cardiac angiography was 100%, 67% and 63%, respectively. In the remaining cases, MR findings well correlated with those of echocardiography or cardiac angiography. Stenosis of common pulmonary vein or superior vena cava was identified in 4 cases. In one patient, MR depicted associated cor triatriatum clearly. CONCLUSION: MR is an effective modallty in depicting anomalous pulmonary venous con nections.
Angiography ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Cor Triatriatum ; Diagnosis ; Echocardiography ; Humans ; Pulmonary Veins ; Vena Cava, Superior

No abstract available.
Animals ; Base Sequence* ; Classical swine fever virus* ; Classical Swine Fever* ; Cloning, Molecular* ; Swine

Cryptococcal meningitis is a rare complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The nonspecific neurologic findings associated with this infection delays accurate diagnosis because initial neuropsychiatric manifestations of SLE are in instances indistinguishable from that of crytococcal meningitis. We report a case of cryptococcal meningitis presenting with unilateral sixth cranial nerve palsy in a male patient with SLE, which was successfully treated with antifungal agents.
Abducens Nerve Diseases/*etiology ; Adult ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/*complications ; Male ; Meningitis, Cryptococcal/*etiology

BACKGROUND: Partially paralyzed patients may be placed in the risk of pharyngeal dysfunction. Bupivacaine acts as acetylcholine receptor ion channel blocker and may synergistically interact with rocuronium to augment NM blockade. Thus, this study aims to elucidate whether or not, at a therapeutic concentration, bupivacaine by itself may cause NM blockade and reduce an effective concentration of rocuronium. METHODS: Twenty-two left phrenic nerve-hemidiaphragms (Male SD rats, 150-250 g) were hung in Krebs solution. Three consecutive ST, 0.1 Hz and one TT, 50 Hz for 1.9 s were obtained before drug application and at each new drug concentration. A concentration of bupivacaine in Krebs solution (n = 5) was cumulatively increased by way of 0.01, 0.1, 1, (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) x 10 microM. In a Krebs solution, pre-treated with bupivacaine 0 (n = 5), 0.1 (n = 5), 1.0 (n = 5), 10 (n = 2) microM, and then concentrations of rocuronium were cumulatively increased by way of 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 microM. EC for each experiment were determined by a probit. The EC50's of rocuronium were compared using a Student's t-test with Bonferroni's correction. Differences were considered significant when P < 0.05. RESULTS: The potency of bupivacaine for normalized TF was 11.4 (+/- 1.1) microM. Below 30 microM of bupivacaine, the single twitch potentiation sustained despite the development of tetanic fade and partial inhibition of PTT. Bupivacaine significantly facilitated the NM blockade induced by rocuronium. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should be aware that bupivacaine by itself at its therapeutic concentration inhibit NM conduction and enhances rocuronium-induced muscle relaxation.
Acetylcholine ; Androstanols ; Animals ; Bupivacaine ; Humans ; Ion Channels ; Isotonic Solutions ; Muscle Relaxation ; Neuromuscular Blockade ; Rats ; Refractory Period, Electrophysiological

PURPOSE: The purpose of this research is to evaluate the efficacy and side effect of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and Triamcinolone (TA) as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of burn hypertrophic scars. METHODS: This is a prospective and randomized design. Twenty patients with burn hypertrophic scars of varying size and more than 3 months duration were included in this study. All the patients were given intralesional 5FU and TA in different scars at weekly intervals for 4 weeks. Improvement was assessed by the thickness, melanosis, erythema, pliability, and the side effects experienced were noted at each scar. RESULTS: The thickness score was significantly improved in both TA and 5FU injection, more improvement in 5FU than TA. The melanosis score, erythema score, and pliability score were all reported insignificantly different outcome. The side effects were not encountered in TA group, but melanosis in 40%, slough in 20% were observed in the 5-FU group. CONCLUSION: The efficacy of 5-FU is comparable to TA as a treatment option for burn hypertrophic scar. Its effect on lightening of the lesion was promising with the exception of the incidence of adverse effects of melanosis and slough.
Burns ; Cicatrix ; Cicatrix, Hypertrophic ; Erythema ; Fluorouracil ; Humans ; Incidence ; Melanosis ; Pliability ; Prospective Studies ; Triamcinolone

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the extraglandular manifestations and serological features of Korean patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS). METHODS: Clinical and laboratory data of 125 patients with pSS attending rheumatology clinic of Kangnam St. Mary's hospital, with a mean follow-up period of 64.8 months, were assessed retrospectively. RESULTS: Arthralgia was the most common extraglandular manifestation of pSS. Other extraglandular manifestations, such as myalgia, peripheral neuropathy, Raynaud's phenomenon, and hypothyroidism were frequently presented, but lymphoma was rare manifestation in Korean patients with pSS. Some extraglandular manifestations of pSS were associated with hypocomplementemia and antibodies against Ro, and La, and antinuclear antibody. CONCLUSION: The clinical manifestations and extraglandular manifestations of Korean patients with pSS patients were similar to other studies except low prevalence of lymphoma. Positivity of anti-Ro/SS-A, anti-La/SS-B antibodies and hypocomplementemia were closely associated with extraglandular manifestations in patients with pSS.
Antibodies ; Antibodies, Antinuclear ; Arthralgia ; Autoantibodies* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism ; Lymphoma ; Myalgia ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Rheumatology ; Sjogren's Syndrome*

Objective: To investigate the effect of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha on the production of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), which might have important roles in the immune mediated inflammatory response of Behcet's syndrome. Methods: Sixty two patients with Behcet's syndrome and thirty healthy controls were included in this study. The concentrations of TNF-alpha in sera were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from eleven patients with Behcet's syndrome were cultured for 48 hours with various concentration of TNF-alpha. The concentrations of MIF in sera and culture supernatants were determined by ELISA. Results: Serum levels of TNF-alpha were significantly higher in patients with Behcet's syndrome than in healthy controls. TNF-alpha dose-dependently increased MIF production from PBMCs in patients with Behcet's syndrome. Serum levels of TNF-alpha tended to correlate with serum levels of MIF, although did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: Upregulation of MIF production by increased levels of TNF-alpha in patients with Behcet's syndrome might be related to the pathogenesis of Behcet's syndrome.
Behcet Syndrome* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Macrophages* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha* ; Up-Regulation*