No abstract available.
Appendectomy* ; Lymphocyte Subsets* ; Lymphocytes*

No abstract available.
Kidney Calculi*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Endometriosis* ; Female ; Horns* ; Kidney*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Endometriosis* ; Female ; Horns* ; Kidney*

No abstract available.
Posterior Cruciate Ligament*

No abstract available.
Humans* ; Knee* ; Synovial Fluid*

Nine patients with ipsilateral tibial shaft fractures and knee ligament injuries were retrospectively reviewed to determine the methods of the diagnosis and the results of the treatment. The incidence of this combined injuries was 5% in one hundred and eighty two tibial shaft fractures. The injuries of posterior cruciate ligament were combined most freqently. Five of nine patients were open fractures. Bone union was obtained in all cases and the mean duration of bone union was 22.5 weeks. Athroscopy and stress X-ray for the cruciate ligament were helpful to diagnose this combined injures. The ligament injuries were surgically managed in eight and conservatively in one. Better results were obtained when this combined injuries were operated early, but four of nine patients were disabled. The results suggest that the examination of the knee is necessary to document ligamentous injuries that occur with tibial shaft fractures.
Diagnosis ; Fractures, Open ; Humans ; Incidence ; Knee ; Ligaments ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament ; Retrospective Studies

Duplications of the alimentary tract are uncommon congenital anomalies that usually present in childhood. They are cystic or tubular in shape, and composed of muscular walls with gastrointestinal mucosal lining. These lesions are almost invariably adjacent to the alimentary tract, most often found in the ileum, may communicate with the lumen, and may be multiple. We experienced an unusual case of a 18-month-old male patient who presented with intermittent blood-tinged stool as an initial manifestation of ileal duplication. The lesion was revealed by bleeding scan and Meckel's scan and was suspected to be a bleeding Meckel's diverticulum due to peptic ulceration of the ileum adjacent to the ectopic gastric mucosa. At laparotomy, a 3-cm-sized cystic mass communicating with the adjacent bowel lumen and multiple conglomerated lymph nodes were identified at the mesenteric side of the distal ileum. Resection of the lesion and adjacent ileum containing enlarged lymph nodes was done. In microscopic findings, the unilocular cystic structure lying in the mesenteric border showed an intestinal wall lined in part by gastric fundic mucosa with a small ulcer, especially at the blind end, and in part by small intestinal mucosa. Muscularis propria and serosa were also present.
Deception ; Gastric Mucosa ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Ileum ; Infant ; Intestinal Mucosa ; Laparotomy ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Meckel Diverticulum ; Mucous Membrane ; Peptic Ulcer ; Serous Membrane ; Ulcer

PURPOSE: The association between the margin status and the risk of a local recurrence (LR) after breast conservation therapy (BCT) is controversial. In addition, the width of the resection margin that minimizes the risk of LR is unknown. This study examined the interaction between the margin width, tumor characteristics, and adjuvant systemic therapy on the risk of LR after BCT. METHODS: The records of 348 women with T1 and T2 breast cancers, who were treated with BCT between 1997 and 2004, were reviewed. Patients who underwent a re-excision with a positive margin were excluded. The margin was classified as close (< or =5 mm tumor-free margin) or negative (>5mm tumor-free margin). Various clinical and pathologic factors were analyzed as potential prognostic factors for LR in addition to the margin width. RESULTS: The rate of LR for all patients after a mean follow-up of 37.2 months was 3.7% (13/348). The LR rates were significantly associated with young age (<40 years, P=0.009), high nuclear grade (P=0.032), large tumor size (>2 cm, P=0.021) and negative hormone receptor (P=0.032). A positive axillary lymph node, the presence of EIC, high histological tumor grade, high proliferative index (Ki-67), the presence of lymphovascular invasion, the over-expression of c-erbB2 and the expression of p53 was not significant. Systemic adjuvant therapy was not associated with a lower rate of LR in both groups. The final resection margins were close in 30 patients (8.6%) and negative in 318 patients (91.4%). The rates of LR by the margin width were 6.7% (2/30) for close margins and 3.5% (11/318) for negative margins. There were no significant differences in the rate of LR according to the margin width. The rate of LR in patients with a 1 mm tumor-free margin width was 13.3% (2/15). Moreover, there is a tendency for an increase in the LR with a 1 mm tumor-free margin than with a margin width >1 mm (P=0.046). CONCLUSION: According to this study, if the margin is tumor-free, a close resection margin (< or =5 mm) is not associated with an increased rate of LR in BCT. However, a high rate of LR can be expected in patients with 1 mm margins.
Breast Neoplasms ; Breast* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Recurrence*

We report a case of subcutaneous fat necrosis associated with pancreatitis that may be the first case in Korean hterature as for we know. The patient was a 41-year-old man wbo presented erythema nodesum-like erythematous subcufaneous nodules on both lower extremities. Histopathologic findings showed subcutaneoms focal fat necrosis and ghoat-like cells. Granular basophilic material was deposited in and around the necrotic fat cells and stained positively with von Kossa stain. The lesioas subsided gradwdly without any specific treatment, as the underlying pancreatitis was ameliorated.
Adipocytes ; Adult ; Basophils ; Erythema ; Fat Necrosis ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Necrosis* ; Pancreatitis* ; Subcutaneous Fat*