This study was done on 171 volunteers in order to investigate the present status of cutaneous normal flora of Candida species and the distribution of Candida species on the normal human skin in dermatologic clinic of Korea University Hospital from January, ]984 to December, 1984. Among the 171 volunteers, 115 strains of Candida species were identified by culture on the Sabouraud's dextrose agar media, germ tube test, sugar assimilation test, sugar fermentaion test and culture on corn meal with Tween 80 media, The results were summarized as follows: 1. The incidence of cutaneous normal flora of Candida species was 13, 5,5 (115 species among 855 sites) 2. Candida species were distributed in oral cavity(45 species), 4th interdigital toe web(39 species), groin(12 species), axilla(11 species) and 4th interdigital finger web(8 species) in order of frequency. 3, Of ll5 species, 45 species were cultured in summer, 27 species in autumn, 18 species in winter and 14 species in spring. 4 Of 115 Candida species, C. albicans(88 species), C. parapsilosis(12 species), C, tropicalis(8 species), C. guilliermondii(3 species) and C. stellatoidea(2 species) were identified. Two species could not be identified.
Agar ; Candida* ; Fingers ; Glucose ; Humans* ; Incidence ; Korea ; Meals ; Polysorbates ; Skin* ; Toes ; Volunteers ; Zea mays

BACKGROUND: Arterial blood gas analysis are highly susceptible to preanalytic error due to improper method of obtaining or handling the blood sample before analysis. The error in measurement of blood gas analysis are loss of CO2 by exposure to atmospheric air, effect of anticoagulant itself, temperature difference between the experimental subject and the measuring electrode and metabolic change which occur between blood sampling and measurement. METHOD: To study the effect of the delay in estimation of blood gas and drawn blood on values of blood gas partial pressure and pH. Blood sample were divided into 2 groups according to the method of storage, group I stored at 24~25degrees C(room temperature) under anaerobic condition. ;group II stored at 0~4degrees C(refrigerator) under anaerobic condition. The samples were analyzed by time interval through 180 minutes in each group. RESULTS: The result were as follows: 1) PaO2 decreased significantly after 10 mins in group I, whereas it decreased significantly after 20 mins in group II. 2) PaO2 increased significantly after 20 mins in group I, whereas it increased significantly after 120 mins in group II. 3) pH decreased significantly after 60 mins in group I, whereas it decreased significantly after 120 mins in group II. 4) No significant changes of bicarbonate and SaO2 were noted in each group CONCLUSION: From above results, it would be advisable to analyze the sample in a short period of time or to store in a refrigerator when the measuring will be delayed. So we highly recommend that blood gas analysis should be performed as soon as possible after sampling, especially within 10 minutes.
Blood Gas Analysis ; Electrodes ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Partial Pressure

In order to evaluate the safe ligation time and sites of dural venous sinuses during neurosurgical operation, systemic arterial pressure(SAP), cerebral perfusion perssure(CPP), intracranial pressure (ICP) and intrasinal pressure(ISP) were measured in cats through neuromonitor before and after obstruction of anterior 1/3, middle 1/3, posterior 1/3 of the superior sagittal sinus and the results were as follows. There were no significant increases of pressures after obstruction of anterior 1/3 of the superior sagittal sinus. In the obstructed middle 1/3 of the superior sagittal sinus group, signifi6int increases were seen un the m-SAP within 2, 4 and 6 minutes, the m-ICP within 2-7 minutes, the r.i-ISP within 14 minutes after obstruction. In the -obstructed posterior 1/3 of the superior sagittal sinus group, there were significant increases of m-SAP within 2, 4 and 6 minutes, the m-ICP within 27 minutes, the m-ISP within 13 minutes. In the obstructed Torcular Herophili,group, there were significant increases of the m-SAP within 1-2 and 4-7 minutes, the m-ICP within 36 minutes and the m-ISP within 1-7 minuted and less significant dercreases of the m-CPP within 5-7 minutes after obstruction. In the obstructed right transverse sinus group, significant increases of the m-ICP and the m-ISP were seen within 1-7 minutes after obstruction. there were no remarkable changes in the obstructed left transverse sinus group.
Animals ; Arterial Pressure* ; Cats* ; Intracranial Pressure* ; Ligation ; Perfusion* ; Superior Sagittal Sinus ; United Nations

Many pictures must be taken for the presumption of the stereorelation of the cerebral artery, which obtained with ordinary cerebral angiography. And it is very difficult to understand the stereoimage and required many experiences. But it is able to presume the stereorelationship in only brief eye's training without the aid of the stereoscope using the prism. For the stereoview, we need the paired angiograms obtained only straight and tilting the X-ray tube. In practice, with this stereoview in cerebral angiogram, we could know the directions of the aneurysmal neck and fundus with the stereorelationship of the cerebral artery and indeed helps us greatly in operation field. In addition, we might guess the location and stereorelationships of the feeding artery and draining vein in arteriovenous malformation and other vascular tumors and it was great aid in diagnosis and operation. Now we present the methods of the pictures for the stereoview in cerebral angiogram and the methods for eye's training.
Aneurysm ; Arteries ; Arteriovenous Malformations ; Cerebral Angiography ; Cerebral Arteries ; Diagnosis ; Neck ; Veins

No abstract available.
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage*

OBJECTIVES: To explore the possible effect of an interaction between summertime heat waves and ozone on cardiopulmonary mortality during the 1994 heat wave in Korea. METHODS: The unusually hot summer of 1994 in Korea was defined as the heat wave in this study. We examined the associations of air pollutants with daily cardiopulmonary deaths between 1991-1995, considering the product term of the heat wave and each pollutant, weather and time trends. RESULTS: During the heat wave, while temperatures were uniformly higher than those of other summers, the within-heat-wave difference in mortality paralleled that in the regional ozone levels. In terms of the influence of the heat wave, the results of ozone were different to those of total suspended particles (TSP) and sulfur dioxide (SO2). The ozone association (relative risk (RR) =1.036; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.018-1.054) was observed only under heat wave conditions, while the TSP (RR =1.006, 95% CI = 0.999-1.012) and the SO2 (RR =1.018, 95% CI = 1.011-1.024) associations were found under normal weather conditions (per interquartile increase of each pollutant; results of three pollutants model). The ozone association under heat wave was attributable to the statistical interaction between the heat wave and ozone. CONCLUSIONS: These results support the possibility of a biological synergy between the heat wave and ozone, one that is not evident between the heat wave and other major pollutants like particles or SO2.
Air Pollutants ; Air Pollution ; Hot Temperature* ; Infrared Rays* ; Korea* ; Mortality* ; Ozone* ; Sulfur Dioxide ; Weather

The most frequently used serodiagnostic test for syphilis in Korea is VDRL test, which is one of several flocculation tests utilizing cardiolipin-lecithin as antigen. This test remains popular because it is easily performed, inexpensive, is standard for screening purposes, and is useful for following the serologic response to treatment. A common problem is weakly reactive (or 'rough' result) VDRL test or reactive VDRL in the absence of definite evidence of present or past syphilis; the diagnosis of syphilis in these cases should be confirmed by using the specific treponemal antigen tests. The Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody-Absorption (FTA-ARS) test is the result of continued attempts to improve the original FTA procedures. This test uses virulent T. pallidum (Nichols strain) as antigen and uses fluorescein-tagged antihuman globulin as reaction indicator. The FTA-ABS test is very sensitive in all stage of syphilis, especially in early syphilis. The FTA-ABS test was carried out on 448 persons with reactive and weakly reactive VDRL tests and divided the groups of routine physical check and out patients. (countinued..)
Diagnosis ; Flocculation Tests ; Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody-Absorption Test ; Humans ; Korea ; Mass Screening ; Outpatients ; Syphilis*

No abstract available.
Fistula*

The fibromatosis is a rare timorous with local invasion, but is not metastasized distantly. This term should not be applied to nonspecific reactive fibrous proliferations that are part of an inflammatory process of are secondary to injury of hemorrhage and have no tendency toward growth or recurrence. It arises principally from the connective tissue of muscle and overlying fascia or aponeurosis (musculoaponeurotic fibromatosis), and chiefly affects the muscle of shoulder, pelvic girdle, and extremity. The term 'aggressive fibromatosis' is also employed to describe this disease, but it is impossible to predict the clinical course in the individual case. The fibromatosis arising in the mediastinum is very rare, and the report about it is nearly absent. The plain radiography shows merely mass with soft tissue density. The CT demonstrates a poorly defined homogenous or heterogeneous mass, isodense with skeletal muscle on precontrast-images, and slightly hyperdense to muscle on postcontrast-scan. Accurate delineation between the tumor & surrounding tissue is vague or frequently impossible. The authors experienced one case of the mediastinal fibromatosis recently and report the case with review of concerned literature.
Connective Tissue ; Extremities ; Fascia ; Fibroma* ; Hemorrhage ; Indonesia ; Mediastinum ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Radiography ; Recurrence ; Shoulder

No abstract available.
Humans ; Muramidase*