1.Serum Osteocalcin Measurement by RIA in Bone Diseases Associated with Osteoporosis and Metastatic Cancer
The Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association 1988;23(2):600-610
Controversy persists regarding the abnormality of the bone metabolism in various bone diseases. Osteocalcin, the vitamin K-dependent protein synthesized in bone, has been shown to be a specific and sensitive marker of bone turnover in metabolic bone diseases. The author measured the serum osteocalcin level using newly developed radioimmunoassay (RIA) in the patients with osteogenesis imperfecta, metastatic bone tumor, postmenopausal osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis, which can be the causes of osteoporosis, and ankylosing spondylitis. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the value of the osteocalcin measurement comparing the each data of disease group with the normal control group. The results were as followings ; 1. The mean of osteocalcin in normal Korean was 4.43±1.04 ng/ml. (4.45±1.08 ng/ml in male, 4.41±1.01 ng/ml in female). The difference between male and female was not significant statistically. 2. The osteocalcin of osteogenesis imperfects was 9.14±2.21 ng/ml, which was significant statistically, And it was thought to be the result of increasing bone turnover rate and the osteocalcin was useful as biochemical marker. 3. In metastatic bone tumor, osteocalcin was under the normal level in both untreated and treated groups, which meant low bone turnover rate or low osteoblastic activity. Osteocalcin was not a useful marker for the assessment of the effect of treatment in this study, but if the radioimmunoassay was done in the same tumor group, a valuable results could be expected. 4. Osteocalcin level in the patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis was not different with normal control group and osteocalcin was not useful marker for the evaluation of the degree of osteoporosis and bone turnover. 5. Osteocalcin didn't play a role in the pathologic ossification of ankylosing spondylitis. In conclusion, the osteocalcin by radioimmunoassay can be used as a biochemical marker in metabolic bone diseases and metastatic cancer for the disgnosis and the assessment of prognosis or the effect of treatment.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid
;
Biomarkers
;
Bone Diseases
;
Bone Diseases, Metabolic
;
Bone Remodeling
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Male
;
Metabolism
;
Ossification, Heterotopic
;
Osteoblasts
;
Osteocalcin
;
Osteogenesis
;
Osteogenesis Imperfecta
;
Osteoporosis
;
Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal
;
Prognosis
;
Radioimmunoassay
;
Spondylitis, Ankylosing
;
Vitamins
2.Antiviral Effect of Antisense Phosphorothioate Oligonucleotides Targeted to Herpes Simplex Virus.
Yoo Chul LEE ; Soo Jee KIM ; Yoo Jin CHO
Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology 1999;34(3):233-243
To search the effective antisense oligonucleotide that inhibit the growth of Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), six kinds of phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides (S-ODNs) were synthesized and the antiviral activity was assessed by measuring cytopathic effect in Vero cells infected with HSV-1. Of the three dodecamer S-ODNs, cornplernentary to the translation initiation site of IE2 (AS2) and scrambled S-ODN (AS1) showed more significant antiherpetic activity than AS4 complementary to the IE4. Accordingly, the antiviral effect of dodecamer S-ODN was not specific. In contrast to the no inhibitory effect of sense strand S-ODN of ICP8 (AS6), two S-ODNs complementary to the translation initiation site of ICP8 (AS3) and that of IE1 (AS5) showed potent antiherpetic activity assessed in vitro HSV-1 virus yield assay. Antiherpetic effect of AS3 was decreased in proportion to the addition of AS6. The synthesis of viral protein ICPS and IE1 were inhibited in AS3 and AS5 treated HSV-1 infected Vero cells, respectively. These findings suggest that antiherpetic effect of AS3 is specifically mediated by targeting ICPS. S-ODNs had no effect on Vero cell viability. The data suggest that the 19-mer S-ODNs may be effective in antiviral chemotherapy.
Drug Therapy
;
Herpes Simplex*
;
Herpesvirus 1, Human
;
Oligodeoxyribonucleotides
;
Phosphorothioate Oligonucleotides*
;
Simplexvirus*
;
Vero Cells
3.Longitudinal Supraspinatus Tear Associated with Antegrade Humeral Intramedullary Nailing: A Case Report and Literature Review with Focus Placed on Nail Entry Point.
Min Soo SHON ; Tae Jung BANG ; Jae Chul YOO
Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow 2015;18(1):47-51
Iatrogenic damage of the rotator cuff followed by postoperative shoulder function loss is a potential complication after antegrade intramedullary nailing (AIN) for a humeral fracture. The authors present a case of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair and subacromial decompression of a non-healed rotator cuff tendon (mainly supraspinatus) and secondary impingement syndrome caused either by the tear or a proud nail after AIN for a mid-shaft humeral fracture. At presentation, the patient complained of right shoulder pain and 'snapping', especially during forward elevation and abduction of the shoulder, of 4 years duration. Right shoulder pain started sometime after pain due to the humeral shaft fracture, operation had subsided, and persisted after nail removal. Arthroscopic findings showed a longitudinal rotator cuff tear at the nail entry point that had not healed and severe fibrous hypertrophy on the acromion underspace, which is a unique finding since most longitudinal splits of tendon fibers are more likely to heal than conventional rotator cuff tears detached from bone. The torn rotator cuff was repaired after debridement and placing side-to-side sutures. At his 34-month follow-up after rotator cuff repair, the patient showed complete recovery and had excellent clinical scores.
Acromion
;
Arthroscopy
;
Debridement
;
Decompression
;
Follow-Up Studies
;
Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary*
;
Humans
;
Humeral Fractures
;
Hypertrophy
;
Rotator Cuff
;
Shoulder
;
Shoulder Pain
;
Sutures
;
Tendons
4.A Clinical Study on Ligamentous Injuries of the Knee
Jung Ham YANG ; Tae Hwan CHO ; Soo Chul YOO
The Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association 1988;23(2):383-392
The knee joint is one of the most susceptable joint to ligamentous injury. For good results, it is very important to make an early diagnosis and to give prompt management. The aim of treatment is to restore the ligaments to their previous anatomic position and tension. The authors reviewed 420 cases of ligamentous injuries in 400 patients who were admitted and managed for 6 years from March, 1981 to February, 1987. The results were as follows : 1. The athletic injury was the most commcn cause of injury(55%), and fall-down was next(26%). 2. The most common ruptured individual ligament was the medial collateral ligament. Combined ligament rupture was more common in medial collateral ligament and anterior cruciate ligament. 3. The ruptured sites of the individual ligament were found to be the following ; a) the medial collateral ligament was ruptured most frequently at the femoral attachment(43%), with the superficial layer ruptured in the midsubstance and the deep layer at the femoral attachment; b) the lateral collateral ligament torn at the fibular attachment(51%); c) the anterior cruciate ligament torn at the femoral attachment(39%); d) the posterior cruciate ligament torn at the femoral attachment(64%). 4. Many ligamentous injuries were associated with fracture(44%) and tear of meniscus- (42%). 5. In stress-radiogram, the significance of ligament injuries was present in more than 10 and 10 mm. 6. Excellent and good results were obtained in 94% by non-surgical treatment and in 92% by surgical treatment. 7. Early surgical repair of the ligament within 2 weeks after injury, gave much better result than later repairs.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament
;
Athletic Injuries
;
Clinical Study
;
Collateral Ligaments
;
Early Diagnosis
;
Humans
;
Joints
;
Knee Joint
;
Knee
;
Lateral Ligament, Ankle
;
Ligaments
;
Posterior Cruciate Ligament
;
Rupture
;
Tears
5.A Study on the Tilting of the Normal Korean Adult Pelvis
Myung Chul YOO ; Sang Eun LEE ; Hee Soo SHIN ; Young Soo KIM
The Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association 1988;23(2):448-454
In the standing lateral position, the pelvis is tilted in some degree anteroinferiorly. But there was no accurate and standard measurement about the pelvis tilting. The pelvis tilting affects on the lumbar lordosis, weight bearing area of the hip joint, and the anteversion of acetabulum. In the standing true lateral view of the pelvis, 5 points were marked: midpoint of both anterosuperior iliac spines (M), upper margin of symphysis pubis (S), lower margin of symphysis pubis(S), sacral promontorium (SP), coccyx tip (C). And using the additional horizontal plane (H), we measured the 4 angles : angle I ( < MSH), angle II ( < SPSH), angle III(
Acetabulum
;
Adult
;
Animals
;
Coccyx
;
Hip Joint
;
Humans
;
Lordosis
;
Pelvis
;
Pubic Bone
;
Spine
;
Weight-Bearing
6.An Experimental study of Silastic Cuff Shielding Around Peripheral Nerve Anastomosis
Myung Chul YOO ; Jung Soo HAN ; Young Soo KIM ; Jae Kwang YUM
The Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association 1990;25(2):562-570
The main problem in peripheral nerve repair is adhesion, axonal escape, and the ingrowth of extraneurial tissue into the wound. Meticulous microsurgical neurorrhaphy is one of possible answer for these problem. Shielding of nerve suture is another attractive practice. But the results are still unpredictable. We compared the results of nerve repair between microsurgical epineurial neurorrhaphy plus silastic cuff shielding group and epineurial neurorrhaphy group in the sciatic nerve of white rat. The reasults we obtained are as follows; 1. Silastic cuff shielding method was effective for reducing abnormal neurial growth and neuroma formation into the surrounding soft tissue. 2. Some adhesion was formed over the silastic cuff, but there was no adhesion at the inner space of the cuff. 3. Silastic cuff could prevent fibrous tissue ingrowth into the nerve. 4. The slit of the silastic cuff provided vascular ingrowth between surrounding connective tissue and nerve tissue. 5. No evidence of foreign body reaction was observed in and out of the silastic cuff. 6. Nerve conduction test showed a little supperior results in the silastic cuff shielding group. Silastic cuff shielding method in nerve suture might be recommanded to prevent axonal escape, fibrous scar tissue ingrowth to the nerve, and fibrous adhesion in clinical practice. But, it seemed that the final evaluation of the functional recovery of the nerve needed long term follow-up and nerve conduction study.
Animals
;
Axons
;
Cicatrix
;
Connective Tissue
;
Follow-Up Studies
;
Foreign-Body Reaction
;
Methods
;
Nerve Tissue
;
Neural Conduction
;
Neuroma
;
Peripheral Nerves
;
Rats
;
Sciatic Nerve
;
Sutures
;
United Nations
;
Wounds and Injuries
7.Reproducibility of an Automatic Quantitation of Regional Myocardial Wall Motion and Systolic Thickening on Gated Tc-99m-MIBI Myocardial SPECT.
Jin Chul PAENG ; Dong Soo LEE ; Gee Jung CHUN ; Yoo Gyung KIM ; Joon Gee JUNG ; Myung Chul LEE
Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine 2000;34(6):487-496
PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to investigate the reproducibility of the quantitative assessment of segmental wall motion and systolic thickening provided by an automatic quantitation algorithm. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tc-99m-MIBI gated myocardial SPECT with dipyridamole stress was performed in 31 patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease (4 with single, 6 with two, 11 with triple vessel disease; ejection fraction 51+/-14%) twice consecutively in the same position. Myocardium was divided into 20 segments. Segmental wall motion and systolic thickening were calculated and expressed in mm and % increase respectively, using AutoQUANTTM software. The reproducibility of this quantitative measurement of wall motion and thickening was tested. RESULTS: Correlations between repeated measurements on consecutive gated SPECT were excellent for wall motion (r=0.95) and systolic thickening (r=0.88). On Bland-Altman analysis, two standard deviation was 2 mm for repeated measurement of segmental wall motion, and 20% for that of systolic thickening. The weighted kappa values of repeated measurements were 0.807 for wall motion and 0.708 for systolic thickening. Sex, perfusion, or segmental location had no influence on reproducibility. CONCLUSION: Segmental wall motion and systolic thickening quantified using AutoQUANTTM software on gated myocardial SPECT offers good reproducibility and is significantly different when the change is more than 2 mm for wall motion and more than 20% for systolic thickening.
Coronary Artery Disease
;
Dipyridamole
;
Humans
;
Myocardium
;
Perfusion
;
Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*
8.A Case of Antenatally Diagnosed Fetal Ovarian Cyst.
Chi Hun SONG ; Seo Yoo HONG ; Soo Mi CHUNG ; Kyung Chul HAN ; Chul Bum PARK ; Bong Gyu SHIN
Korean Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1999;42(3):651-655
Ovarian cysts in the newborn are uncormnon. Fetal ovarian cysts are being diagnosed with inaeasing fiequency with development of obstetrical sonography. Most of these cysts are found within the first few months of life and have no clinical significance. But, a large ovarian cyst would be founded antenatally with sonography. A large ovarian cyst can cause life-theatening complications during parturition and in the neonatal period. We have experienced a case of fetal ovarian cyst in a 32-year-old primiparous woman with antenatal sonography and report our experience with a brief review of literatures.
Adult
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Infant, Newborn
;
Ovarian Cysts*
;
Parturition
;
Ultrasonography
9.Assessment of Atrophy of Human Epidermis Caused by Various Corticosteroids Using Chamber Occlusion and Histometry.
Young Il CHUN ; Joon Mo YANG ; Myoung Soo SUH ; Hee Chul EUN ; Yoo Shin LEE
Korean Journal of Dermatology 1986;24(5):579-585
The aim of this stud y was to compare the epidermal thinning properties of four corticosteroid ointments applied under occlusion, using histology and histometry. The results were surnmerized as follows: 1.The stratum corneurn was dramatically thinned, appearing as a wispy layer of horny cells as apposed to the norrnal basket-weave configuration. this effect was prominent at sites treated with clobestasol propionate, fluocinonide, and fluocinolone acetonide. 2. With the histometry, visible epidermal thickness wa.s markedly reduced. This effect w is prominent in the following ascending order: fluocinolone acetonide, fluocienonide, clobestasol-17-propionate. Hydrocortisone was the least atrophogenic. 3. Clohestasol-17-propionate and fluocinonide caused significant flattening of dermo-epidermal junction, Fluocinolone acetonide and hydrocortisone caused less pronounced cbanges. 4. Marked capillary dilation af papilly dermis is caused by clobestasol-17-propionate, fluocinonide and fluocinolone acetonide.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones*
;
Atrophy*
;
Capillaries
;
Dermis
;
Diethylpropion
;
Epidermis*
;
Fluocinolone Acetonide
;
Fluocinonide
;
Humans*
;
Hydrocortisone
;
Ointments
10.Immunocytochemical Study on Distribution and Morphology of Dendritic Cells in the Tongue during Development and Growth of the Rat.
Ki Soo YOO ; Chul Hong KIM ; Woo Kap KIM
Korean Journal of Physical Anthropology 2001;14(1):1-15
Activation of T cells for an immune response requires the participation of antigen presenting cells (APC) that express class II major histocompatibility complex gene products on their surface. Until recently, the macrophages have been considered to be the prime candidates for this role, but it is now recognized that other cells, including dendritic cells, B cells, activated T cells and endothelial cells, can present antigen effectively. Particularly, among them, dendritic cells (DC) are considered to be very efficient APC for various T -cell dependent immune responses in comparison with other types of APC. Nonlymphoid dendritic cells including Langerhans cells and interstitial dendritic cells strongly express the MHC class II products and have characteristic dendritic morphology. As far as we know, there is no study on the ontogeny of MHC class II -immunoreactive dendritic cells in the rat tongue. The aim of the present study is to investigate the ontogeny and morphological characterization of dendritic cells in the tongue of growing and developing rats. The distribution and morphology of the dendritic cells in the rat tongue were studied from the fetal 15 -day until 180 days after birth by means of immunocytochemical methods using anti -rat MHC class II monoclonal antibodies. The results were as follows: 1. MHC class II -immunoreactive dendritic cells were first found in the muscle layer of 17 -day fetus, and in the epithelium and lamina propria of the tongue at birth. 2. The number of MHC class II -immunoreactive dendritic cells was gradually increased with age, particularly, in the epithelium at 14th day, in the lamina propria at 14th day, and in the muscle layer at 21st day after birth. 3. Numbers of MHC class II -immunoreactive dendritic cells were higher in the dorsal part than in ventral part of the tongue at all developmental stages. Especially, dendritic cells were twice higher numbers in the epithelium, a little higher numbers in the lamina propria and almost same numbers in the muscle layer. 4. With age, shapes of MHC class II -immunoreactive dendritic cells were changed from round to dendritic and aggregated together. In conclusion, the above results suggest that the increases of the number and the changes of the morphology in MHC class II -immunoreactive dendritic cells, with age may influence on effects of cell -mediated immune responses.
Animals
;
Antibodies, Monoclonal
;
Antigen-Presenting Cells
;
B-Lymphocytes
;
Dendritic Cells*
;
Endothelial Cells
;
Epithelium
;
Fetus
;
Growth and Development*
;
Langerhans Cells
;
Macrophages
;
Major Histocompatibility Complex
;
Mucous Membrane
;
Parturition
;
Rats*
;
T-Lymphocytes
;
Tongue*