Hydrocephalus is a common malformation of the central nervous system and its cause may be either congenital or acquired. The imbalance between CSF formation and absorption, obstruction of CSF pathways, impaired venous absorption, and over secretion of CSF results in excessive accumulation of the fluid in the ventricles, leading to hydrocephalus. Although ventriculo-peritoneal shunt is regarded as the main and definitive therapy for rapidly progressive hydrocephalus, shunts in newborns have a high failure rate and thus there have been a search for alternative non-invasive techniques. Acetazolamide is a carbonic anhy- drase inhibitor, which acts by reducing production of CSF in the choroid plexus. Admini- stration of acetazolamide will decrease the rate of CSF production, preventing progressive ventricular enlargement. We experienced three cases of neonatal hydrocephalus successfully treated by long-term administration of acetazolamide. Brief review and related literatures were also presented.
Absorption ; Acetazolamide* ; Carbon ; Central Nervous System ; Choroid Plexus ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus* ; Infant, Newborn ; Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt

No abstract available.
Basement Membrane*

No abstract available.
Glomerulonephritis*

No abstract available.
Biopsy* ; Nephrotic Syndrome*

No abstract available.

A case of bilateral absence of vas deference with sterility is reported. By new 15O cases of congenital absence of the vas deference, rather a rare congenital anomaly, were reported.
Infertility

No abstract available.
Immunoglobulin M*

No abstract available.
Biopsy* ; Child* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Nephrotic Syndrome*

Stasis eczema is one of the important skin manifestations caused by venous stasia. dueto vascular disturbances. Until now a few casses of stasis eczema accornpanied with inferior vena cava obstruction were reported in the literatures. The patient, 31-year old barber, has been suffered from right upper guadrant abdominal pain and tenderness for 6 years, and had dark brownish mottled scaly eczematoid patches of both lower extremitiea for 6 yrs. Inferiorvenacavogram through the right fernoral vein showed complete obstruction of inferior vena cava above the level of T10, and well developed several collateraI veins. Findings of skin biopsy on the right ankle joint area revealed moderate acanthosis, increased pigrnentation of the basal cell layer in the epidermis, capillary proliferation and hemosiderin granules in the dermis, that is consistent with stasis eczema. Possible etiological factor of inferior vena cava obstruction waa discussed and also reviewed with literatvre.
Abdominal Pain ; Adult ; Ankle Joint ; Biopsy ; Capillaries ; Dermis ; Eczema* ; Epidermis ; Hemosiderin ; Humans ; Skin ; Skin Manifestations ; Veins ; Vena Cava, Inferior