No abstract available.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Female* ; Humans ; Urethra*

No abstract available.

Spark’s nevus is a compound word composed of Spitz nevus and Clark’s nevus. It is one of the combined melanocytic nevi which is more common in female and usually presents as a sharp circumscribed hyperpigmented macule on the lower extremities. On histopathologic findings, both cytologic features of Spitz nevus characterized as large spindle or epithelioid melanocytes containing large nuclei with abundant cytoplasm, and architecture of Clark’s nevus characterized as elongation of rete ridges, bridging of the nests, concentric and lamellar fibrosis can be seen. A 24-year-old female presented with an asymptomatic, solitary, dark-brown-colored papule surrounded by brownish patch that looked similar to dysplastic nevus or malignant melanoma on the buttock. On dermoscopic examination, it showed brown-to-black globules, diffuse homogenous pigmentation with blue-white structures, and a surrounding brownish reticular pattern that faded away. On histopathologic findings, overall asymmetrical structure, epithelioid large melanocytes containing large nuclei with abundant cytoplasm, and Kamino body were seen in the central portion. Also, lentiginous hyperplasia, bridging of the nests composed of melanocytes containing foamy cytoplasm, concentric and lamellar fibrosis along with the elongation of rete ridge, and perivascular lymphocytic infiltration were seen in the peripheral portion. The diagnosis of Spark’s nevus was made. Following its definition, this combined nevus is diagnosed histopathologically, but the clinicodermoscopic features have not been well described. Herein, we report a case of Spark’s nevus in which dermoscopy was helpful for differentiating it from malignant melanoma.

Targetoid hemosiderotic nevus (THN) is a rare variant of melanocytic nevus, characterized by a sudden development of a targetoid ecchymotic halo around a pre-existing nevus. THN clinically raises concern for malignant transformation due to its abrupt change in color and size. THN should be distinguished from other diseases showing a peripheral halo, including targetoid hemosiderotic hemangioma, halo nevus, and Meyerson nevus. Dermoscopy can help clinicians to differentiate THN from these diseases. The typical dermoscopic features of THN are known to be divided into two distinctive areas: the central melanocytic area and the peripheral ecchymotic area. In our case, dermoscopy revealed a novel bull’s eye pattern composed of a central area with characteristic features of benign melanocytic nevus, an intermediated white circular ring, and a peripheral milky red area. When a sudden change occurs in a pre-existing nodule showing targetoid features, dermoscopy should be considered before conducting a biopsy or surgical intervention.

Dental caries and periodontal disease are considered to be chronic, but can be prevented through an incremental oral health program covering all ages. The National Oral Health Program for adults provides oral health exam and scaling, and is covered by national health insurance for those over 20 years of age in Korea. The aim of this study was to collect basic data for developing an oral health program for adults by identifying factors related to awareness and need. The data were obtained by convenience sampling of 303 subjects. The use of dental plaque disclosing agents affected tooth brushing frequency, toothbrushing time and use of oral auxiliary devices. Education on toothbrushing methods affected toothbrushing time and use of oral auxiliary devices. Of those surveyed, 93.1% replied that an incremental oral health program for adults was needed, and 68.0% intended to participate. In a regression model, the factors that had an effect on the perceived need for an oral health program were education level, use of oral hygiene auxiliary devices, and toothbrushing time, and the factors affecting intent to participate were education for prevention of periodontal disease and the use of oral hygiene auxiliary devices. The subjects stated that the following oral health programs were needed: an oral bacteria exam (74.3%), toothbrushing education (71.6%), a bad breath exam (69.3%), education on use of oral hygiene auxiliary devices (46.9%), a dental plaque exam (42.9%) and a saliva exam (37.6%). Oral health education appears to be an important factor for participation in an incremental oral health program.
Adult* ; Bacteria ; Dental Caries ; Dental Plaque ; Education ; Humans ; Korea ; National Health Programs ; Oral Health* ; Oral Hygiene ; Periodontal Diseases ; Program Development ; Saliva ; Tooth ; Toothbrushing

A retrospective study of 100 cervical spinal cord injury patients admitted consequtively to the Department of Neurosurgery, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University between March, 1985 and June, 1989 was conducted. The average age was 42 and 84(84%) were male. The majority sustained their spinal cord injury in a motor vehicle accident(50%) or in a diving accident(36%). Thirty-three percent(33/100) of these patients had surgical intervention by anterior approach(14/33), posterior approach(17/33) and total laminectomy(2/33). The others were only immobilized by traction or neck brace. Not only neurological recovery in operated and nonoperated patients but also complete and incomplete injury was compared. The degree of the neurological injury was classified by the Frankel classification. 12 cases turned out to be more aggravated than the condition at admission, among them 9 cases were middle and low cervical incomplete injuries. At final follow-up no appreciable differences in achievement in activities of daily living and mobility were noted between patients treated with surgical stabilization of the cervical spinal column and those treated nonsurgically.
Activities of Daily Living ; Braces ; Classification ; Diving ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Male ; Motor Vehicles ; Neck ; Neurosurgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; Spinal Injuries* ; Spine ; Traction

Clear cell acanthosis is a reaction pattern of the epidermis that can be observed as the chief histopathologic finding in clear cell acanthoma and as a focal change in other epidermal lesions, such as verruca vulgaris and seborrheic keratosis. Dermoscopy is a useful noninvasive tool that permits the visualization of key vascular structures that are usually not visible to the naked eye. A 63-year-old Korean man was presented with 2 year of a well-circumscribed, dome-shaped nodule on the nipple. Our patient represents patterns of both a clear cell acanthoma and a seborrheic keratosis on dermoscopic and histopathologic finding, but, notably, on dermoscopy vascular structures were more irregular linear distribution than classic clear cell acanthoma and different from dotted vessels shown in psoriasis. In this report, we describe a case of clear cell acanthosis in seborrheic keratosis for whom dermoscopy was used as a valuable diagnostic tool.
Acanthoma ; Dermoscopy ; Epidermis ; Eye ; Humans ; Keratosis, Seborrheic ; Nipples ; Psoriasis ; Warts

No abstract available.
Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Porphyria Cutanea Tarda* ; Porphyrias* ; Renal Dialysis*

BACKGROUND: Actinic reticuloid is a severe persistent photodermatitis that usually affects older men. It is characterized by extreme photosensitivity to a broad spectrum of ultraviolet radiation. Actinic reticuloid has many of the clinical and histological features of mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome. No Korean studies are available regarding a histopathological and immunohistochemical comparison of actinic reticuloid and mycosis fungoides. OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to evaluate the histopathological characteristics and conduct a immunophenotypic analysis to distinguish actinic reticuloid from mycosis fungoides. METHODS: We reviewed the histomorphological findings of 10 patients diagnosed with actinic reticuloid and those of 15 patients diagnosed with mycosis fungoides from 1996 to 2012 at our clinic. In addition, an immunophenotypic analysis was performed on the skin to assess the proportions of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in all patients. RESULTS: We found a broad overlap in non-specific inflammatory histological features and more prominent histological features between the two diseases. Irregular acanthosis, vertically-streaked collagen in the papillary dermis, thickened and increased blood vessels, and an eosinophil and plasma cell infiltrate were significantly higher in patients with actinic reticuloid than in those with mycosis fungoides. Stuffed lymphocytes in dermal papillae and a psoriasiform lichenoid pattern were observed significantly more often in patients with mycosis fungoides. Solar elastosis (80%) was seen only in the actinic reticuloid cases. CD8-positive T cells were predominant in the epidermis in eight of 10 patients with actinic reticuloid. In contrast, CD4-positive T cells in the epidermis and dermis predominated in the majority of patients with mycosis fungoides (73.3%) compared with CD8-positive T cells. CONCLUSION: Histopathological findings and immunophenotypic analyses may be an important adjunct to distinguish actinic reticuloid from mycosis fungoides, but a correlation with clinicopathological findings, phototest, patch test, and photopatchtest is necessary to reliably distinguish actinic reticuloid from mycosis fungoides. Further prospective studies should be conducted on a larger number of cases regarding the differences between actinic reticuloid and mycosis fungoides.
Actins ; Blood Vessels ; Collagen ; Dermis ; Eosinophils ; Epidermis ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; Male ; Mycosis Fungoides ; Patch Tests ; Photosensitivity Disorders ; Plasma Cells ; Sezary Syndrome ; Skin ; T-Lymphocytes