A precise fit of the implant prosthesis is one of the most important factors in preventing mechanical complications. To analyze the degree of the misfit of implant prosthesis, a modal testing experiment was accomplished. And to interpret the modal testing analysis mathematically, three-dimensional finite element models were established. In the experimental modal testing analysis, with a laser displacement meter, FFT analyzer, impact hammer, etc., natural frequencies of the models with various degree of prosthesis fit were determined after the frequency response function were calculated. In the finite element analysis, the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the models which simulated those of experimental modal testing were computed. The results were as follows : 1. Natural frequencies of the prosthesis-abutment were related to the contact state between components. 2. In the modal testing experiment, the natural frequencies increased from 50micrometer to 200micrometer gap and reached a plateau. 3. In the finite element analysis, the natural frequencies decreased gradually according to the increase of the gap size. 4. In the finite element analysis, the mode shapes of model 1 with misfitting prosthesis showed different patterns from those without misfitting prosthesis. 5. The devices including a laser displacement meter used in this study were useful for measuring the natural frequencies of an implant prosthesis which had various degrees of fit.
Finite Element Analysis ; Prostheses and Implants*

No abstract available.
Baculoviridae* ; Bombyx* ; Coinfection*

PURPOSE: Several recent studies have reported the benefits of tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL). Postoperatively, tubeless PNL patients have an indwelling ureteral stent placed, which is often associated with stent-related morbidity. We have performed totally tubeless (tubeless and stentless) PNL in which no nephrostomy tube or ureteral stent is placed postoperatively. We evaluated the safety, effectiveness, and feasibility of totally tubeless PNL. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From March 2008 to February 2012, 57 selected patients underwent standard or totally tubeless PNL. Neither a nephrostomy tube nor a ureteral stent was placed in the totally tubeless PNL group. We compared patient and stone characteristics, operation time, length of hospitalization, analgesia requirements, stone-free rate, blood loss, change in creatinine, and perioperative complications between the standard and totally tubeless PNL groups. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in preoperative patient characteristics, postoperative complications, or the stone-free rate between the two groups, but the totally tubeless PNL group showed a shorter hospitalization and a lesser analgesic requirement compared with the standard PNL group. Blood loss and change in creatinine were not significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Totally tubeless PNL appears to be a safe and effective alternative for the management of renal stone patients and is associated with a decrease in length of hospital stay.
Analgesia ; Creatinine ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Kidney Calculi ; Length of Stay ; Nephrostomy, Percutaneous ; Postoperative Complications ; Stents ; Ureter

PURPOSE: Several recent studies have reported the benefits of tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL). Postoperatively, tubeless PNL patients have an indwelling ureteral stent placed, which is often associated with stent-related morbidity. We have performed totally tubeless (tubeless and stentless) PNL in which no nephrostomy tube or ureteral stent is placed postoperatively. We evaluated the safety, effectiveness, and feasibility of totally tubeless PNL. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From March 2008 to February 2012, 57 selected patients underwent standard or totally tubeless PNL. Neither a nephrostomy tube nor a ureteral stent was placed in the totally tubeless PNL group. We compared patient and stone characteristics, operation time, length of hospitalization, analgesia requirements, stone-free rate, blood loss, change in creatinine, and perioperative complications between the standard and totally tubeless PNL groups. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in preoperative patient characteristics, postoperative complications, or the stone-free rate between the two groups, but the totally tubeless PNL group showed a shorter hospitalization and a lesser analgesic requirement compared with the standard PNL group. Blood loss and change in creatinine were not significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Totally tubeless PNL appears to be a safe and effective alternative for the management of renal stone patients and is associated with a decrease in length of hospital stay.
Analgesia ; Creatinine ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Kidney Calculi ; Length of Stay ; Nephrostomy, Percutaneous ; Postoperative Complications ; Stents ; Ureter

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the demographic patterns of maxillofacial prosthetic treatment to identify the characteristics and geographic distribution of patients with maxillofacial prosthetics in the capital region of Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective analytical multicenter study was performed by chart reviews. This study included patients who visited the department of prosthodontics at four university dental hospitals for maxillofacial prosthetic rehabilitation. Patients with facial and congenital defects or with insufficient medical data were excluded. The patients were classified into three categories based on the location of the defect. Patients' sex, age, and residential area were analyzed. Pearson's chi-square test with a significance level of 0.05 was used to analyze the variables. RESULTS: Among 540 patients with maxillofacial prosthetics, there were 284 (52.59%) male patients and 256 (47.41%) female patients. The number of the patients varied greatly by hospital. Most patients were older than 70, and the most common defect was a hard palate defect. Chi-square analysis did not identify any significant differences in sex, age, and distance to hospital for any defect group (P>.05). CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicated that there was imbalance in the distribution of patients with maxillofacial prosthetic among the hospitals in the capital region of Korea. Considerations on specialists and insurance policies for the improvement of maxillofacial prosthetics in Korea are required.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Female ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; Humans ; Insurance ; Korea* ; Male ; Mandibular Prosthesis ; Maxillofacial Prosthesis ; Palatal Obturators ; Palate, Hard ; Prosthodontics ; Rehabilitation ; Retrospective Studies ; Specialization ; Velopharyngeal Insufficiency

PURPOSE: The thulium laser is the most recently introduced technology for the surgical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Until recently, most thulium laser enucleation of the prostate (ThuLEP) was performed by use of the three-lobe technique. We introduce a novel one-lobe enucleation technique for ThuLEP called the "All-in-One" technique. We report our initial experiences here. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From June 2013 to May 2014, a total of 47 patients underwent the All-in-One technique of ThuLEP for symptomatic BPH performed by a single surgeon. All patients were assessed with the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), transrectal ultrasonography, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA), maximal urine flow rate (Qmax), and postvoid residual urine volume (PVR) before and 1 month after surgery. We reassessed IPSS, Qmax, and PVR 3 months after surgery. To assess the efficacy of the All-in-One technique, we checked the PSA reduction ratio, transitional zone volume reduction ratio, and enucleation failure rate. RESULTS: The mean operative time was 82.1+/-33.3 minutes. The mean enucleation time and morcellation time were 52.7+/-21.7 minutes and 8.2+/-7.0 minutes, respectively. The mean resected tissue weight and decrease in hemoglobin were 36.9+/-24.6 g and 0.4+/-0.8 g/dL, respectively. All perioperative parameters showed significant improvement (p<0.05). No major complications were observed. The PSA reduction ratio, transitional zone volume reduction ratio, and enucleation failure rate were 0.81, 0.92, and 4.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The All-in-One technique of ThuLEP showed efficacy and effectiveness comparable to that of other techniques. We expect that this new technique could reduce the operation time and the bleeding and improve the effectiveness of enucleation.
Aged ; Humans ; Lasers, Solid-State/adverse effects/*therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Operative Time ; Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood ; Prostatic Hyperplasia/pathology/*surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Thulium ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate/adverse effects/*methods ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVES: People at ultra-high risk for psychosis have heterogenous character and different long-term outcomes. We divided ultra-high risk subjects into two subgroups by presence of familial history and tried to find different pattern of functional connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) between the two groups in order to examine the effects familial loading. METHODS: Eleven subjects at clinical-high risk (CHR) group with familial history of psychiatric illness and nineteen subjects of CHR group without familial history were recruited. All the subjects were scanned using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. A posterior cingulate cortex was the seed region of the analysis, and the DMN of the both high risk group were analyzed with voxel-wise two sample T test. RESULTS: The CHR group with familial history showed greater functional connectivity in the precuneus area in contrast with the other high risk subjects (peak-level t=5.49, p<0.001). There were no significant differences in total score on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and Scales of Psychosis-risk Syndrome between the two groups. CONCLUSION: The study suggests that the abnormalities of functional connectivity between precuneus and posterior cingulate area may be associated with the genetic vulnerability of high risk trait.
Gyrus Cinguli ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pilot Projects ; Psychotic Disorders ; Seeds ; Weights and Measures

PURPOSE: To describe the surgical treatment of the complex dorsal metacarpophalangeal dislocations and its results, emphasizing on the modified volar approach with A1 pulley release. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We experienced 6 cases of dorsal dislocation of the metacarpophalangeal joint. We performed open reduction with the modified volar approach described by Eaton and Dray. Postoperatively posteroanterior and lateral radiographs of the index finger metacarpophalangeal joint and metacarpophalangeal joint range of motion was followed. RESULTS: One case with a large osteochondral fracture was operated with volar and doral approach both. Overall end results were good without any significant restriction of motion and stability of the fingers. CONCLUSION: Modified volar approach with A1 pulley release is an excellent method for complex dorsal metacarpophalangeal dislocations without osteochondral fracture.
Benzodiazepines ; Dislocations ; Fingers ; Metacarpophalangeal Joint ; Range of Motion, Articular

PURPOSE: We introduce our transient vascular occlusion technique that uses a vessel loop and Hem-o-Lok clips in laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From March 2009 to March 2011, 15 consecutive patients underwent laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. All operations were performed by a single surgeon using the transperitoneal approach. The transient vascular occlusion technique was as follows. After dissection of renal vessels, the vessel loop is winded twice around the vessel. Both distal portions of the vessel loop are clipped with a Hem-o-Lok clip. When vascular occlusion is required, an additional Hem-o-Lok clip is applied to the proximal portion of the vessel loop by pulling the distal portion. When no longer needed, the vessel loop is simply cut. RESULTS: All operations were performed successfully without open conversion. The mean tumor size was 2.5 cm (range, 1.1-3.5 cm). There were 8 cases of renal cell carcinoma and 7 cases of angiomyolipoma. All cases of renal cell carcinoma had a negative surgical margin. The mean operative time and the mean warm ischemic time were 176 minutes (range, 104-283 minutes) and 26.1 minutes (range, 18-34 minutes), respectively. There were no cases of uncontrollable intraoperative bleeding and no postoperative complications. CONCLUSIONS: The transient vascular occlusion technique with a vessel loop and Hem-o-Lok clips is a feasible technique with simplicity, effectiveness, and safety. It is an acceptable alternative to standard vascular occlusion techniques, such as laparoscopic bulldog or Satinsky clamps.
Angiomyolipoma ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Glycosaminoglycans ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; Laparoscopy ; Nephrectomy ; Operative Time ; Warm Ischemia ; Wind

Chylothorax or chylous ascites are rare manifestations of liver cirrhosis. We report a rare case of simultaneous chylothorax and chylous ascites in a patient with hepatitis B virus-related liver cirrhosis. A 76-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with a pleural effusion on her right side. She had no history of recent medical procedures, trauma or tumor. There was no evidence of mass or thoracic duct obstruction in a computed tomography scan. Pleural fluid and ascites were confirmed as chylothorax and chylous ascites by chemistry analysis. Despite thorough conservative care, there was no improvement. Pleurodesis was planned, but hepatic encephalopathy developed suddenly and she did not recover.
Aged ; Ascites ; Chemistry ; Chylothorax* ; Chylous Ascites* ; Female ; Hepatic Encephalopathy ; Hepatitis B ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Pleural Effusion ; Pleurodesis ; Thoracic Duct