No abstract available.

Binocular diplopia after catarat surgery is a rare phenomenon, and it happens by variable mechanisms including extraocular muscle injury during bridle suture placement and myotoxicity of local anesthetics. We experienced three cases of binocular diplopia following successful cataract surgery in patients who had no history of strabismus, amblyopia and neurologic or systemic disease which might be related to mobility disorder. We report these cases and previous literature is reviewed.
Amblyopia ; Anesthetics, Local ; Cataract* ; Diplopia ; Humans ; Strabismus ; Sutures ; Telescopes*

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the types of perception toward non-face-to-face clinical practice and to characterize the types of students who experienced online clinical practice during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: Q-methodology was used in this study, and 270 Q populations were formed based on in-depth interviews with 10 nursing students who had experienced non-face-to-face clinical practice, as well as related literature. Interviews were performed from August 1 to 31, 2022. A total of 42 Q samples were extracted, and Q sorting was performed on 33 nursing students who had experienced non-face-to-face clinical practice. A Q factor analysis was performed using the PC-QUANL program. Results: The nursing students’ perceptions of non-face-to-face clinical practice were classified into the following five types: “future professional competency-focused type,” “realistic convenience priority type,” “task burden awareness type,” “negative critic type,” and “limited experience dissatisfaction type.” Conclusion This study revealed non-face-to-face clinical practice’s positive and negative aspects in nursing education. Moreover, it identified the aspects of clinical practice that cannot be replaced by non-face-to-face clinical practice and the elements of non-face-to-face practice that can complement clinical practice. These findings can be used as fundamental data to establish a stable and efficient system for improving the quality of clinical practice in the post-COVID-19 era and to implement effective non-face-to-face clinical practice according to student types.

PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of life style characteristics on the prevalence risk of metabolic syndrome (MS). METHODS: A total of 581 adults were recruited from a cardiovascular outpatient clinic. A newly developed comprehensive life style evaluation tool for MS patients was used, and patient data related to the MS diagnosis were reviewed from the hospital records. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of MS was 53.2%, and the mean of MS score was 2.6 for patients at a cardiovascular outpatient clinic (78% of the patients had hypertension). Dietary habits among the life style characteristics had significant influence on the prevalence risk of MS and MS scores. And also interestingly, the classification and regression tree (CART) model suggested that the high prevalence risk groups for MS were older adults (61.5< or =age<79.4), and adults between 48.5 and 61.5 yr of age with bad dietary habits. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that nurses should focus on dietary habits of patients (especially patients classified as high prevalence risk for MS) for improvement and prevention of MS prevalence risk.
Age Factors ; Aged ; Alcohol Drinking ; Demography ; Female ; Food Habits ; Humans ; *Life Style ; Male ; Metabolic Syndrome X/diagnosis/epidemiology/*psychology ; Middle Aged ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence ; Risk ; Smoking ; Stress, Psychological

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of percutaneous fine-needle aspiration (PCNA) in malignant and benign mediastinal lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: PCNA of mediastinal lesions were performed in 46 patients using 22 Guage thin-walled Westcott type needle under fluoroscopy guidance. There were 24 malignant mediastinal masses, 18 of which were diagnosed only by PCNA and six of which were proven surgically. Of 22 benign mediastinal masses, 19 cases were proven surgically. RESULTS: In 24 patients with malignant neoplasms, a positive diagnosis of malignancy was established in 18 (75%). One suspicious malignancy and five false negative results occurred. In 22 patients with benign masses, a specific diagnosis was established in six (27.3%), and 13 patients revealed nonspecific benignanay (59.1%). Three benign masses were reported as unsatisfactory. Five patients developed pneumothorax as a complication, and one of these needed a chest tube. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous fine-needle aspiration in mediastinal masses can differentiate benign mass from malignancy and can make a pathologic diagnosis.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle* ; Chest Tubes ; Diagnosis ; Fluoroscopy ; Humans ; Needles ; Pneumothorax ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of percutaneous fine-needle aspiration (PCNA) in malignant and benign mediastinal lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: PCNA of mediastinal lesions were performed in 46 patients using 22 Guage thin-walled Westcott type needle under fluoroscopy guidance. There were 24 malignant mediastinal masses, 18 of which were diagnosed only by PCNA and six of which were proven surgically. Of 22 benign mediastinal masses, 19 cases were proven surgically. RESULTS: In 24 patients with malignant neoplasms, a positive diagnosis of malignancy was established in 18 (75%). One suspicious malignancy and five false negative results occurred. In 22 patients with benign masses, a specific diagnosis was established in six (27.3%), and 13 patients revealed nonspecific benignanay (59.1%). Three benign masses were reported as unsatisfactory. Five patients developed pneumothorax as a complication, and one of these needed a chest tube. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous fine-needle aspiration in mediastinal masses can differentiate benign mass from malignancy and can make a pathologic diagnosis.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle* ; Chest Tubes ; Diagnosis ; Fluoroscopy ; Humans ; Needles ; Pneumothorax ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen

OBJECTIVES: Despite severe oligospermia, males with Y chromosome microdeletion can achieve conception through ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection). However, ICSI may not only result in the transmission of microdeletions but also the expansion of deletion to the offspring. The purpose of this study was to screen vertical transmission, expansion of microdeletions and de novo deletion in male fetuses conceived by ICSI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 32 ICSI treated patients with their 33 (a case of twin) male fetuses conceived by ICSI were used to make this study group. Sequence-tagged sites (STSs)-based PCR analyses were performed on genomic DNA isolated from peripheral blood of fathers and from the amniocytes of male fetuses. Ten primer pairs namely, sY134, sY138, MK5, sY152, sY147, sY254, sY255, SPGY1, sY269 and sY158 were used. The samples with deletions were verified at least three times. RESULTS: We detected a frequency of 12.5% (4 of the 32 patients) of microdeletions in ICSI patients. In 4 patients with detected deletions, two patients have proven deletions on single STS marker and their male fetuses have the identical deletion in this region. Another two patients have two and three deletions, but their male fetuses have more than 3 deletions which include deletions to their father's. Meanwhile, seven male fetuses, whose fathers were analyzed to have all 10 STS markers present, have deletions present in at least one or more of the markers. CONCLUSIONS: Although the majority of deletions on the Y chromosome are believed to arise de novo, in some cases a deletion has been transmitted from the fertile father to the infertile patient. In other cases the deletion was transmitted through ICSI treatment, it is likely that one sperm cell is injected through the oocyte's cytoplasm and fertilization can be obtained from spermatozoa. Our tests for deletion were determined by PCR and our results show that the ICSI treatment may lead to vertical transmission, expansion and de novo Y chromosome microdeletions in male fetuses. Because the sample group was relatively small, one should be cautious in analyzing these data. However, it is important to counsel infertile couples contemplating ICSI if the male carries Y chromosomal microdeletions.
Cytoplasm ; DNA ; Family Characteristics ; Fathers ; Fertilization ; Fetus* ; Humans ; Male* ; Oligospermia ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Tagged Sites ; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic* ; Spermatozoa ; Y Chromosome*

PURPOSE: Kiwi fruit allergy in children has scarcely been reported. This study focused on the clinical characteristics of kiwi fruit allergy and value of kiwi specific Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies in Korean children. METHODS: The study was based on a data analysis of 18 patients, who were diagnosed with clinical kiwi fruit allergy at Ajou University Hospital from June 2005 to June 2012. Clinical details were collected by medical history and telephone survey. Sera from all children were analyzed for kiwi specific IgE (ImmunoCAP) and patients with negative result were further evaluated by an enzyme linked immunosorbentassay test (ELISA) using our own made kiwi fruit extracts. RESULTS: The subjects were 10 male and 8 female with a median aged 25 months. Twelve out of 18 (66.7%) were diagnosed with angioedema or urticaria, 4 (22.2%) were diagnosed with oral allergy syndrome, 1 was presented with dyspnea, and 1 was diagnosed with anaphylaxis. Oral route of exposure (88.9%) was most common and majority of patients (88.9%) experienced clinical symptoms at the first exposure to kiwi fruit. Six out of 12 patients with urticaria showed negative result in specific IgE by ImmunoCAP, but specific IgE were detected in 2 of 6 by ELISA with our own made kiwi extract. CONCLUSION: Systemic reactions to kiwi fruit were common in Korean children, and the symptoms were frequently developed at the first time of exposure. Additional diagnostic methods would be needed for evaluation of IgE sensitization in kiwi allergic patients with negative result by ImmunoCAP.
Aged ; Anaphylaxis ; Angioedema ; Antibodies ; Child ; Dyspnea ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Fruit ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Immunoglobulin E ; Immunoglobulins ; Male ; Statistics as Topic ; Telephone ; Urticaria

PURPOSE: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a major positive effector of angiogenesis. We investigated the mechanism of tumor growth inhibition by adenoviral transfer of antisense- VEGF in glioma and the role of VEGF for in vivo growth of human glioma cells according to the stage of the tumor growth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Replication-deficient adenoviral vector containing the VEGF cDNA in an antisense orientation (Ad5CMV-alphaVEGF) were constructed to increase the in vivo applicability of antisense sequence. The effect of Ad5CMV-alphaVEGF was studied in vitro and in vivo with human glioma cell line U-87 MG. Immunohistochemical staining of the subcutaneous tumor with anti-VEGF antibody and CD34 antibody were performed to compare VEGF protein expression and the microvessel count respectively. RESULTS: The growth curve of U-87 MG cells treated with Ad5CMV-alphaVEGF remained as same as that of mock-infected and Ad5(dl312)-infected U-87 MG cells in vitro, suggesting that Ad5CMV-alphaVEGF does not have direct cytotoxic effect. The growth of subcutaneous human glioma xenografts was inhibited by early intratumoral injection of Ad5CMV-alphaVEGF. Immuno histochemical staining of tumors showed that VEGF protein expression and mean microvessel counts were decreased in early Ad5CMV-alphaVEGF treatment group. CONCLUSION: The efficient down-regulation of VEGF produced by tumor cells using Ad5CMV- alphaVEGF in early stage of glioma growth has an antitumor effect in vivo through antiangiogenic mechanism.
Adenoviridae ; Cell Line ; DNA, Complementary ; Down-Regulation ; Genetic Therapy* ; Glioblastoma* ; Glioma ; Heterografts ; Humans ; Microvessels ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

The main purpose of this study is to examine the concepts appeared on researches and provide the future research directions in field of child health nursing. A descriptive study was conducted. 205 studies were included in an analysis the concepts in terms of the domain of client for a total 321 researches. All were originally published between 1990 and 2000 in Korea. An analysis of concepts for this study was used the metaparadigm framework for nursing proposed by H.S. Kim(2000). The concepts for this study were categorized by essentialistic concepts, problematic concepts, health-care experiential concepts with the following results. 1.Based on the four domains suggested Kim (2000), 205 studies(63.9%) belong to the domain of client ; 109 studies(34%) belong to the practice domain of nursing; 3 studies(0.9%) belong to the client-nurse domain; and 4 studies belong to the domain of environment, respectively. 2.In the domain of client, 117(57.1%) studies used concept of parent. Among them, mother was the prevailing research population(103 studies). 64 studies(31.2%) used child population and the developmental stage of children varied from preterm to puberty but school aged children was the most target population(28 studies). Family as a concept of client was used in 20 studies(9.8%) but most primary care provider was the mother. 3. In terms of research design, non-experimental design(83.5%) is the most and among them survey was 159 studies(77.6%). Qualitative research(23 studies) and experimental research(10 studies) methods were used relatively few. 4.In terms of the categories of concepts, 196 (61.4%) studies included the essentialistic concepts like stress and coping(20.4%), mothering role and child care(7.8%), health (5.6%), breast feeding(4.7%). 31 studies included problematic concepts like power- lessness, safety, obesity, pain, anxiety. And 65 studies included health-care experiential concepts like compliance, growth, hope, environment but relatively few. The findings of this study provide the evidence that research related problematic concept and health-care experiential concept should be conducted actively to improve the practice of child health nursing. Also to deeply understand the phenomena of client in field of child health nursing, interpretive research methods should be conducted actively, too.
Adolescent ; Anxiety ; Breast ; Child ; Child Health* ; Child* ; Compliance ; Hope ; Humans ; Korea ; Mothers ; Nursing* ; Obesity ; Parents ; Primary Health Care ; Puberty ; Research Design