Optic nerve glioma (ONG) is a rare central nervous system tumor that occurs in children and adolescents. It’s main pathological type is low-grade pilocytic astrocytoma. It is divided into sporadic ONG and neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) related ONG. Due to the close relationship between ONG and the optic nerve, there is its particularity in diagnosis and treatment. The diagnosis of ONG mainly relies on medical history, symptoms and signs, as well as imaging examinations such as MRI and CT. ONG should be differentiated from optic nerve sheath meningioma, optic neuritis, optic nerve metastasis and other diseases. In recent years, newly discovered molecular targeted therapy and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs are a powerful supplement to ONG. When chemotherapy is not sensitive or resistant, radiotherapy can be considered, but it is only recommended for patients over 7 years of age. Surgery can be considered when the patient’s visual impairment is severe and the appearance of the eye is significantly affected. In addition, due to the susceptibility of NF-1 patients to tumors, the chemotherapy regimen should take into account the risk of secondary leukemia caused by the drug, and the timing of radiotherapy should be after the age of 10. We look forward to further ONG clinical research, which will bring more references for future clinical work.

Objective:To evaluate the laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy combined with hiatal hernia repair surgery for weight loss and antireflux.Methods:This study included 21 obese patients with gastroesophageal reflux who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy at the Weight Loss Metabolism Center of the Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery of Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital from Dec 2019 to Dec 2020. Patients were divided into simple bariatric surgery group (9 cases) and simultaneous combined surgery group (12 cases).Results:In the combined surgery group, 1 case had postoperative gastric leakage. The postoperative body weight, waist circumference, and BMI indexes of the two groups showed a downward trend ( F=5.154, P=0.013; F=14.319, P<0.001; F=6.725, P=0.004). There was a statistically significant difference in the excess weight loss in both the two groups at 6 months after the operation compared to 1 month after the operation ( t=8.927, P<0.001; t=8.926, P<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in postoperative lower esophageal sphincter resting pressure and Gerd symptom score in the bariatric surgery group compared with preoperative ( t=-0.891, P=0.507; t=0.629, P=0.298). The postoperative Gerd symptom score of the patients in the combined surgery group was significantly lower than that before the operation, and the resting pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter was significantly higher than that before the operation, ( t=-10.539, P<0.001; t=5.066, P=0.038). Conclusion:Combined surgery have the same weight loss effect as in simple bariatric surgery in obese patients with gastroesophageal reflux, in addition to stronger anti-reflux effect.

Objective:To investigate Helicobactor pylori (H. pylori) infection status and interfamilial transmission pattern in Zhengzhou area. Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2020 to march 2021, among 731 individual from 266 families randomly selected from 9 communities of Zhengzhou area. H. pylori infection status was determined by serum antibody tests, and 13C-urea breath test was performed in the previously eradicated population to clarify the current infection status. The individual and familial infection rate, infection status for couples and children and adolescent were analyzed. Results:Among 731 individuals from 266 families, 397 of them were H. pylori positive. The individual infection rate was 54.31% (397/731); among infected individuals 77.83% (307/397) were infected with type Ⅰ strain, 22.67% (90/397) were infected by type Ⅱ strain. Annual household income ( χ2=0.419, 0.410, 0.213, all P>0.05), smoking history (χ 2=0.071, P>0.05), drinking history ( χ2=0.071, P>0.05), dining place ( χ2=0.009, P>0.05), gastrointestinal symptoms ( χ2=0.047, P>0.05), family history of gastric disease ( χ2=0.069, P>0.05), and history of gastric cancer ( χ2=0.004, P>0.05) had no significant differences between H. pylori-positive and -negative groups, but the infection rate in individuals with higher education level was lower ( χ2=4.449, P<0.05). The infection rate was significantly higher in≥18 age groups compared with<18 age groups ( χ2=6.531, 23.362, 20.671, 24.244, 37.948, 14.597 and 5.170, all P<0.05). The familial H. pylori infection rate was 87.59% (233/266), and in 61 families all member were infected (26.18%, 61/233). The positive rate was 23.08% (6/26) in 50 families with children under 18 years when both parents were infected. Among 231 coupled families, both couples were infected in 78 families (33.76%), one couple was infected in 113 families (48.92%), and both couples were not infected in 40 (17.32%). With the increase of marriage time, the infection rate of both spouses increased significantly ( χ2=7.775, 12.662, 15.487, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The distribution of H. pylori infection presents a family cluster pattern, and intrafamilial infection is an important transmission rout of H. pylori. The type I strain of H. pylori is the dominate strain in this area.

OBJECTIVE: To study the inhibitory effect of pills (BJJ) agaisnt diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatocarcinogenesis and explore the relation between this effect and the inflammasome signaling pathway. METHODS: Sixty-five male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, DEN model group, and 3 BJJ treatment groups at low, medium and high dose (with daily dose of 0.55, 1.1 and 2.2 g/kg, respectively, for 12 consecutive weeks starting from the 5th week after modeling). The pathological changes of the liver tissue were observed with HE and Masson staining, and serum levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin (TBIL) of the rats were detected using ELISA. Oxidation stress in the liver tissue was assessed with ELISA, and Western blotting and ELISA were used to detect the molecular expressions of inflammasome-related pathway. RESULTS: BJJ significantly inhibited tumor growth in the liver of the rats. HE and Masson staining showed that BJJ treatment obviously ameliorated liver fibrosis and reduced cancer cell and inflammatory cell infiltration in the liver. BJJ significantly reduced elevations of serum ALT, AST, ALP and TBIL levels, increased the contents of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in the liver and suppressed malondialdehyde in Den-treated rats. BJJ also dose-dependently decreased the expressions of NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC), caspase-1, pro-IL-1β, pro-IL-18, IL-1β and IL-18 in the liver of Den-treated rats. CONCLUSIONS BJJ treatment can dose-dependently inhibit DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis by enhancing antioxidant capacity and down-regulating inflammatory-related pathways in rats.
Animals ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Diethylnitrosamine ; Liver ; Liver Neoplasms ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley