Objective To study the application of food hand measurement on the diet therapy and evaluate its rationality. Methods According to the method of stratified interception, 415 adults were chosen in Zhoushan City. Their height, weight, fist, hand palm and thumb size were measured. The cooked food volume measurement method was built by the daily dietary food exchange method of hand position measurement, the measured protein foods using the cube and vegetable or oil with common tableware. The cooked volume measurement method was compared with the weighing method applying to diabetic diet. Results The fist and hand palm volume in shorter people were (228.13-310.85) ml and (62.22-84.78) ml, those in the taller people were (250.00-388.95) ml, (68.18-106.08) ml, and those in taller people were (345.00-432.35) ml and (94.09-117.91) ml. In the same height group, when the one's weight was greater, the fist and hand palm volume were larger. When the weight was the same but the height was taller, the fist and hand palm volume were larger. The vegetable oil hand measurement was not appropriate by the measurement of hand position volume. The calories error of proteins and the staple food with hand measurements was larger than weighing method in the tall and obese people, that was not enough in the slim and short people. And the cooked volume measurement method that combined hand measurements with the cube and common tableware was appropriate to diabetic diet. Conclusion The hand measurement method combined with cube and common tableware box was suitable for diet therapy for diabetes. This method could be helpful to increase treatment compliance to balanced diet.

Objective To assess the different protein expressions of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EM T ) markers Vimentin and E‐cadherin in craniopharyngioma ,especially at the tumour invasive front ,and correlate the findings with clinicopathological fea‐tures and patient outcomes .Methods Forty‐two craniopharyngiomas were subjected to the detection of Vimentin and E‐cadherin by immunohistochemistry and double immunofluorescence staining .The relationships between expression of these markers and various clinico pathological indicators and clinical outcomes of these tumors were analyzed .Results There was statistically significant difference in the expression of Vimentin and E‐cadherin between adamantinomatous and papillary variants in whole tumor and at the tumor invasive front .The expression of Vimentin and E‐cadherin in whole tumor sections were associated with tumor recurrence , postoperative weight and hypothalamic disturbances ,and the expression of vimentin and E‐cadherin at the tumor invasive front were colligated with tumor recurrence ,postoperative weight and hypothalamic disturbances .Conclusion Our study exemplifies the po‐tential prognostic implications of Vimentin and E‐cadherin expression in craniopharyngioma .EM T may represent a crucial mecha‐nism in the progression of adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma .

Objective To systematically evaluate the study of animal surgery course among medical students with different majors and languages so as to provide evidences for further improve-ment education quality. Methods Ten majors and two kinds of international medical students (in total of 1 105 students;2009 grade)of Southern Medical University were subdivided into five groups ac-cording to the relationship with clinical operative manipulation. Quality of experimental animal surgery education was tested respectively. Then SPSS 13.0 was used to statistically evaluate and analyze the data. Measurement data between two groups were compared by t-test,multi-group analysis of variance between groups was conducted using one-way ANOVA. Ranked data between groups were compared using non-parametric Mann-Whitney U rank sum test. Merits and demerits of the curriculum were dis-cussed by combing statistical results with in-class condition to provide evidences for further improve-ment. Results There was no significant difference between clinical group and clinical professional group in aseptic technique and operation skills (P=0.739),but scores of the two groups were signifi-cant higher than that of associate group (P=0.004). Moreover,scores of international students who passed Chinese TOEFL were significant higher than the others (P=0.001). Differences between groups existed predominantly in the animal surgical practice rather than in basic theory or knot and sterilized methods. Conclusions For students with different majors and languages,different teaching key points should be paid attention to. Basic surgery techniques might be emphasized on for students with associ-ate clinical major and foreign students with poor Chinese language.

Objective To understand the correlation between chromosome deletion and the phenotypes in cases of ring chromosome 6 syndrome.Methods Two cases of ring chromosome 6 syndrome persented to the Peking University First Hospital in 2013 were studied.Case 1 was a fetus diagnosed as having ring chromosome 6 with karyotype 46,XY,r (6) [14]/46,XY,r (6; 6) [1]/45,XY,-6[15] from a pregnant woman who received prenatal examination because of high risk found in serum screening for Down's syndrome at 21 +1 weeks of gestation.Case 2 was an eight-month-old female infant with growth retardation and congenital facial anomaly,whose karyotype was 46,XX,r (6) /47,XX,r (6) × 2/46,XX,r (6; 6) /45,XX,-6.Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and array-based comparative genomic hybridization were used to detect the location of chromosome telomeric loss and its size,and the correlation between chromosome deletion and the phenotypes was analyzed by reviewing related literatures.Results Case 1 was confirmed to have short-arm terminal deletions on 6p25.3-25.2 (2.42 Mb) which mainly included DUSP22,IRF4,EXOC2,FOXC1,FOXF2 and FOXQ genes,and long-arm terminal deletions on 6q26-27 (7.84 Mb) mainly included PARK2,PACRG,LOC28596 and RPS6KA2 genes.Case 2 had short-arm terminal deletions on 6p25.3-25.1 (5.44 Mb) which included DUSP22,IRF4,EXOC2,FOXC1,FOXF2,FOXQ and SERPINB6 genes,and long-arm terminal deletions on 6q27 (0.16 Mb) which included PSMB1,TBP and PDCD2 genes.Except for the growth retardation,the common feature of ring syndrome,in both cases,cerebellum hypoplasia was observed in case 1,and microcephaly and esotropia were observed in case 2.Conclusions The difference of phenotypes in patients with a ring chromosome 6 is closely associated with the location and size of the deletion in chromosome 6.

Objective To establish the xenotransplanted tumor model of Craniopharyngioma in chick chorioallan?toic membrane (CAM) and detect the angiogenesis ability, microvessel density (MVD) and cell proliferation of the xeno?graft. Method Craniopharyngioma tissues from surgical craniopharyngioma patients were transplanted on the CAM. An?giogenesis assay was performed and the MVD and PCNA were evaluated using immunohistochemistry following the trans?plantation. Results The tumor formation rate of adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) and squamous papillary cra?niopharyngioma (SPCP) was 47.14% and 43.33%, respectively. There was no significant difference in tumor formation rate between ACP and SPCP(χ2=0.123,P=0.726). The CAM angiogenesis, MVD and expression of PCNA were higher in ACP than in SPCP. The expression of PCNA was positively correlated with MVD (Pearson r=0.639,P<0.001) and CAM assay score (Spearman r=0.490,P=0.001 ) in CP. Conclusion The model of human craniopharyngioma can be es?tablished in the CAM. The angiogenesis of the xenograft in the CAM can be evaluated and the craniopharyngioma xeno?graft of CAM possesses a new blood circulation and cell proliferation ability.

Objectives To provide prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling for four athigh-risk pregnant women with a suspected family or personal history of fragile X syndrome (FXS) by genetic screening of fragile X mental retardation (FMR1) gene.Methods This study was conducted on four pregnant women (No.l to 4) who received outpatient treatment in Peking University First Hospital from August 2014 to June 2016.Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples of the pregnant women and six of their family members,four of which were suspected or confirmed FXS and the other two were FMR1 gene carriers.Amplide X kits were used to detect CGG repeat size in FMR1 gene.Two amniocytes and one chorionic villi samples were collected from three pregnant women to extract DNAs for FMR1 gene and karyotyping analyses.Results There were patients diagnosed with FXS in all the families by detecting CGG repeat numbers in FMR1 gene.The pregnant woman No.1 was a permutation carrier;No.2 carried normal FMR1 alleles while her brother had a mutation with over 20 CGG repeats in FMRI gene at chromosome X.No.3 and 4 were full mutation carriers with over 200 CGG repeats in FMR1 gene.After genetic counseling,No.3 decided to terminate the pregnancy due to abnormal fetal karyotype (47,XY,+21) and full mutation of FMR1 alleles.No.1 and 4 continued to pregnancy as their fetuses were normal in FMR1 alleles and karyotype.No.2 continued to pregnancy as her fetus was free of FXS risk.Conclusions Prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling should be conducted on women at highrisk for FXS to avoid birth defects.People with a family history of FXS should be tested for FMR1 gene carrier status.

Objective To investigate Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) expression in tumor associated inflammation in patients with adamantinomatous craniopharyngima..Methods Fifty-four patients (31 male and 23 female) with craniopharyngioma from 3 to 66 years of age were recruited from May 2004 to March 2006.NF-κB and Osteopontin (OPN) expression in human craniopharyngiomas were detected using immunohistochemical staining.High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), a systemic marker of inflammation, was examined in patients' tumor hydatid fluid, cerebrospinal fluid and serum.Results NF-κB expression was significantly increased in the adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma.Spearman;s correlation analysis demonstrated that NF-κB expression was associated with OPN expression.The hs-CRP level was also increased in the tumor hydatid fluid (4.28±0.90 mg/mL), cerebrospinal fluid (0.035±0.006 mg/mL) and serum (1.72±0.54 mg/mL) in patients with adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma.Conclusions NF-kappa B is closely associated with tumor associated inflammation which further mediates adhesion of tumor to surrounding important structures in patients with adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma.

Objective:To report the clinical, pathological, electrophysiological and genic characteristics of a patient with familial amyloidosis Finnish type.Methods:The clinical characteristic of a 60-year-old female who admitted to Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University in June 2020 was analyzed. Meanwhile, the patient underwent electrophysiological examination, biopsy of labial gland, rectum and skin and gene sequencing analysis.Results:The patient presented left facial paralysis at the age of 50, right facial paralysis and thickening of lips at the age of 55, dysarthria and dysphagia at the age of 56. Physical examination of the patient showed signs of cranial nerves involvement and skin thinning and smoothness. Slit lamp showed corneal lattice dystrophy. Electrophysiological findings of the patient suggested bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome. Latencies were prolonged in bilateral visual evoked potential P100. The deep sensory conduction pathways in bilateral C 7 to biparietal and T 12 to biparietal cortex were abnormal. Pathology of the three biopsies of the patient showed the presence of amyloid deposition in the basement membrane around the glands. The heterozygous mutation of c.654 G>T in exon 4 of gelsolin (GSN) gene in the patient resulted in Asp187 Tyr mutation (p.D187Y). Conclusions:The patient with familial amyloidosis Finnish type was characterized by slowly progressive multiple group cranial neuropathy accompanied by corneal lattice dystrophy and skin changes. Optic nerve and spinal cord posterior funiculus sensory conduction pathway and D187Y mutation of GSN gene were involved.

Objective: To investigate the sleep status among primary and middle school students in Zhoushan City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide insights into improving the sleep quality among primary and middle school students. Methods: A district and a county was selected using the cluster random sampling method from Zhoushan City in October, 2019, and grades 4 to 6 primary school students, junior high school and high school students were sampled as the study subjects. Students' gender, grade, residing in schools, duration of homework and duration of extracurricular classes were collected using the questionnaires of the 2019 national program for common diseases and health risk factors surveillance and intervention program among Chinese students. According to the Plan for the Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Myopia among Children and Adolescents, daily sleep duration of 10 h and longer among primary school students, 9 h and longer among junior high school students and 8 h and longer among high school students were defined as adequate sleep, and the proportion of adequate sleep was estimated among primary and middle school students. Results: Totally 3 042 students were enrolled, including 1 587 boys (52.17%) and 1 455 girls (47.83%), 996 primary school students (32.74%), 1 030 junior high school students (33.86%), 758 ordinary high school students (24.92%) and 258 vocational high school students (8.48%). The mean sleep duration was (9.23±1.10) h among primary school students, (8.09±1.05) h among junior high school students, (7.20±1.26) h among ordinary high school students and (7.97±1.03) h among vocational high school students, respectively, and the proportion of adequate sleep was 26.31% among primary school students, 22.82% among junior high school students, 22.56% among ordinary high school students and 66.67% among vocational high school students, respectively. A relatively higher proportion of adequate sleep was seen among primary school students in Grade 4 (33.63%) and with homework duration of less than 1 h (34.53%); among junior high school students in Grade 1 (37.76%), residing in schools (40.00%), studying in county schools (30.87%), with homework duration of less than 1 h (34.69%) and less than 1 h duration of extracurricular classes (33.33%); among male ordinary high school students (28.03%), and ordinary high school students in Grade 1 (28.30%), residing in schools (26.18%) and studying in district schools (25.83%); among male vocational high school students (69.06%) and vocational high school students residing in schools (73.14%). Conclusion The proportion of adequate sleep is low among primary and middle school students in Zhoushan City. The homework duration and duration of extracurricular classes are recommended to be reduced to ensure adequate sleep among primary and middle school students.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between preoperative MRI characteristics and the perioperative outcomes of microvascular decompression in primary trigeminal neuralgia. Methods To analyze the relationship between preoperative MRI characteristics and the perioperative outcomes in 103 primary trigeminal neuralgia patients with micro-vascular decompression in Nanfang Hospital. The MRI features such as the ratio of CPA area, TGN cross-sectional area and TGN length was evaluated together with the TGN oppression distance, the position of TGN, the position of basilar ar-tery and the type of offending vessel as well as the outocmes including complete disappearance, temporary remission and ineffectiveness. Results Univariate analysis showed that the oppression orientation (P=0.017), oppression distance (P<0.001), offending vascular type (P=0.016), TGN cross-sectional area ratio (P<0.001) were the influencing factors of periop-erative outcomes. Logistic regression analysis showed that the offending vascular type (P=0.002)and TGN cross-sectional area ratio (P=0.020) were the main predictive factors of perioperative outcomes of microvascular decompression. Conclu-sions Preoperative thin slice MRI scanning showed that the offending artery, non-atrophy nerve roots, far distance from op-pression point to brainstem may be the favorable factors of perioperative outcomes of microvascular decompression.