BACKGROUND:Spinal tuberculosis seldom involves cervical vertebra. The application of anti-tuberculosis drug has slight effects on patients combined with nerve dysfunction and severe vertebral destruction, which results in unstable cervical vertebra. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate biocompatibility of graft and host after one-stage anterior debridement graft fusion and internal fixation in the repair of adult cervical tuberculosis. METHODS: A total of 14 patients who suffered from cervical tuberculosis were admitted into Department of Spinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University between May 2010 and June 2012. They underwent Zephir anterior cervical plate for one-stage anterior debridement graft fusion and internal fixation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with pre-fixation, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein and visual analog scale score were lower in final folow-up (P < 0.05), and Japanese Orthopaedic Association score increased (P < 0.05). Except that Frankel grade recovered to grade D from grade C in one case, Frankel grade did not alter in the remaining patients. Compared with pre-fixation, Cobb angle was apparently shortened in seven patients with kyphosis. Folowing internal fixation, bone trabecula was visible between the vertebral body and graft region after fixation. No displacement, bone resorption, nonunion or pseudoarthrosis occurred. Neck pain and limited function relieved or disappeared to different degrees after fixation. These findings suggest this method can effectively treat cervical tuberculosis. Moreover, the biocompatibility of the plate and host is good.

Objective To explore the improving way to repair the lower one-third of leg soft tissue defect transferred the adjacent flap with non-main vessel pedicle. Methods Analyzing 42 cases.using 4 kinds flaps with nonmain vessel pedicle.If it is fine the skin around soft tissue defect of the lower one-third shank,choosing adjacent adversed sural neurotaneous vascular flap or sapheenous nerve vascular flap.If the skin damaged,chosing gastrocnemius flap.If the soft tissue defect was large,combined adversed sural neurotaneous vascular flap with gastrocnemius flap.Osteomyelitis and peroneus previs musculocutaneous flaps were choosed for small soft tissue defect. Results All case observed 6 to 12 months,37 cases were survived completely,5 cases distal part necrsis partly,among them,2 cases transferred flap repaired;1 case musculocutaneous flap transferred, 2 cases after granulation tissue grown,skin grafted. Conclusion The flap transferred adjacent non-main vessel pedicle is the best way to repaire soft tissue defect of one-third lower leg.Different flap can fit with kinds of soft tissue defect.

BACKGROUND: Dopamine is closely associated with occurrence of epilepsy and transmission in central nerval system, and its various functions are determined by specific receptors.OBJECTIVE: To establish temporal epilepsy model so as to probe into the influences of SCH23390, the antagonist of dopamine D1 receptors and haloperidol, the antagonist of dopamine D2 receptors injected in substantia nigra on temporal epileptic seizure induced by kainic acid and on electroencephalic activityDESIGN: Randomized controlled verified experiment.SETTING: Neurology Medicine Institute of Zhujiang Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University.MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in General Military Neurology Medicine Institute of Zhujiang Hospital Affiliated to First Military University of Chinese PLA from August to December 2004, in which, 30SD adult male rats were employed, massed varied from 250 to 300 g.METHODS: ① 30 rats were randomized into physiological saline (control) group (6 rats), kainic acid (KA) group (6 rats) and experimental group (18 rats). The experimental group was divided into 3 subgroups, named the antagonist of dopamine D1 receptors, SCH23390 + kainic acid group (D1 +KA group), the antagonist of dopamine D2 receptors,haloperidol + kainic acid group (D2+KA group) and physiological saline + kainic acid group (PS + KA group), 6 rats in each. In the control, physi ological saline 2 μL was injected in the right cerebral ventricle unilaterally. In KA group, kainic acid 2 μL was injected in the right ventricle. In each of experimental group, SCH23390, the antagonist of dopamine D1 re ceptors, haloperidol, the antagonist of dopamine D2 receptors and physio logical saline 1 μL for each was injected in substantia nigra on the right side successively and simultaneously, kainic acid 2 μL was injected in the right ventricle. ② Observed items: alters of EEG on the 0.5th 1st, 2nd, 6th and 24th hours after medication in each experimental group (compared with EEG of non-epileptic behavior, appearance of sharp wave, spike wave,sharp (spike) slow comprehensive wave and multi-spike slow wave determines epileptic activity) and changes in animal behaviors (0 grade: normal; Ⅰ grade: wet dog-like trembling, paroxysmal facial spasm, like winking,beard moving, rhythmic chawing; Ⅱ grade: rhythmic nodding; Ⅲ grade:paroxysmal spasm of anterior limbs; Ⅳ grade: paroxysmal spasm of bilateral anterior limbs when standing; Ⅴ grade: falling down, loss of balance and convulsion of four limbs). Cerebral hippocampal neural cell apoptosis was observed and the rats were sacrificed on the 5' day of medication. Cerebral hippocampal section was prepared and determined after in situ end labeling staining.MAIN OUTCOME MEAUSRES: ① Changes in behavior in rats before and after epilepsy and electroencephalogram (EEG) alters. ② Results of cerebra hippocampal neural cell apoptosis.RESULTS: Thirty rats entered result analysis. ① Epilepsy seizure: In the control group, there was no epilepsy attacked. In KA group, all of rats ap pear seizure, which attacked 10 minutes after KA injected in brain ventricle, reached the peak in 1 hour and stopped in 3 to 6 hours. ② EEG record: In the control group, there was not epileptic activity manifestations,like sharp wave, spike wave, spike slow comprehensive wave, etc. In KA group, epileptic wave presented in 10 minutes after injection, the seizure developed to the peak in about 1 hour, the wave amplitude was decreased in 3 to 6 hours, presenting paroxysmal slow and spike slow waves and no epileptic wave appeared after 12 hours. ③ Neuronal apoptosis: In the control group, few neural cell apoptosis was visible in hippocampus after injection.In KA group, neural cell apoptosis was visible obviously in hippocampus in 5 days after injection (P =0.00). With SCH23390, the antagonist of dopamine D1 receptors, hippocampal cell apoptosis was not reduced remarkably (P ＞0.05) and with haloperidol, the antagonist of dopamine D2 receptors injected in substantia nigra, hippocampal cell apoptosis was aggravated (P =0.00).CONCLUSION: Injection of SCH23390, the antagonist of dopamine D1 receptors in substantia nigra cannot block kainic acid inducing epilepsy and epileptic electroencephalic activity is not weakened remarkably. Injection of haloperidol,the antagonist of dopamine D2 receptors enhances epileptic electroencephalic activity in kainic acid induced epilepsy and increases cell apoptosis remarkably in cerebral hippocampal CA3 area.It is to explain that it is dopamine D2 acceptor that is involved in regulation of temporal epilepsy in substantia nigra rather than D1 acceptor.

BACKGROUND: Bone marrow mesenchymal cells, multiple-potential non-hematopoiefic stem cells adhering to the wall in vitro culture, can be induced to proliferate and differentiate towards neurons and glia cells.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the growth state of cat bone marrow mesenchymal cells in vitro culture, as well as the capability to differentiate towards neural stem cells.DESIGN: A randomized sampling study.SETTING: Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University.MATERIALS: This study was carried out at the Central Laboratory of the General Military Neurological Research Institute, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University between January and December 2002. Twenty healthy home-raised cats, aged 1.0 - 2.0 years and weighing 2. 5 - 4.0 kg, male and female in half, were provided by the Animal Center of the First Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.INTERVENTIONS: Bone marrows were randomly aspirated from the left or right hindlimbs in order to separate bone marrow mesenchymal cells, then the bone marrow mesenchymal cells single cell suspension was co-cultured with neural stem cell culture media in vitro so as to induce differentiation to neural stem cells with tretinoin. CK2 type inverted optical microscope(Olympus,Japan) was used to observe the growth of bone marrow mesenchymal cells in vitro culture, as well as 4, 12, 24, 48 hours of induction upon eliminating or not eliminating the wall-adhering cells. Bone marrow mesenchymal cells in stem cell stage were identified under Olympus optical microscope with modified immunohistochemical staining.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The growth state and the immunocytochemical staining of living bone marrow mesenchymal cells exposed to experimental intervention were observed under the Olympus inverted optical microscope.RESULTS: Data from the 20 cats were analyzed without loss. Reversed microscopic observation revealed that cat bone marrow mesenchymal cells becrame larger when cultured in vitro, which were rich in plasmic granules with prominence projecting, adhering to the wall and forming cell clones. These cells were then successively cultured, and imnunohistochemical staining analysis suggested that the passaged bone marrow mesenchymal cells could express neural stem cells-specific antigen Nestin and differentiate towards glia-like cells and neuron-like cells.CONCLUSION: Cat bone marrow mesenchymal cells possess the characteristics of stem cells; they can be amplified into cell clones and induced to express the property of neural glia cells and neuron-like cells under proper condition.

Objective To explore the locating, parameter measurement and 3D display of nucleus accumbens in human brain in terms of digital anatomy .Methods The raw data of the head specimen of a 45-year-old male adult with 0.5mm as the section spacing was collected by using digital milling machine .Three hundreds images of continual cross sections containing brain were chosen and the segmentation of the caudate nucleus , putamen and nucleus accumbens was accomplished with Photoshop CS .The nucleus accumbens on the images of continual coronal section reconstruction were distinguished according to Harvard Medical School ’ s segment method to calculate the volume of nucleus accumbens and collect the correlative location information .The caudate nucleus , putamen and nucleus accumbens were 3D visualize with the software of Amira 3.1.1.Results The nucleus accumbens , the adjoining structure and the lesion target of nucleus accumbens were all clearly visible .The left nucleus accumbens volume was 972.5mm3 , and the right was 830.6mm3 .The 3D coordinate value was the left ( -11.0, 24.4, 1.3) and the right (9.3, 23.9, 1.7).Conclusion The digital anatomy of nucleus accumbens can distinctly display the nucleus accumbens , form and confirm it ’ s volume, location and adjoining area , which is useful to clinician .

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the molecular mechanism of Wnt5a and Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) aberrant expression in the nasopharyngeal carcinogenesis and to estimate if it can act as a molecular marker for nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC). METHODS: Immunohistochemistry combined with previously made tissue microarrays were used to study the expression of Wnt5a and LMP1 in the nasopharyngeal carcinogenesis tissues. We investigated the role of over expression of Wnt5a and LMP1 in the development and progression of NPC and their relation with the clinicopathological features of NPC and whether they could act as molecular markers in benign and malignant NPC. RESULTS: The positive percentage of Wnt5a and LMP1 protein expression in the NPC was significantly increased as compared with that in atypically hyperplastic nasopharyngeal epithelium, hyperplastic nasopharyngeal epithelium and histologically normal nasopharyngeal epithelium (P<0.05, P<0.01, and P<0.01). Wnt5a and LMP1 proteins were significantly higher in atypically hyperplastic nasopharyngeal epithelium than those in the hyperplastic nasopharyngeal epithelium and normal nasopharyngeal epithelium (P<0.05 and P<0.01). The positive expression of Wnt5a and LMP1 proteins in clinical T3 and T4 staged NPC was higher than that in clinical T1 and T2 staged NPC (P<0.01 and P<0.05). The positive expression of Wnt5a protein in the NPC with lymph node metastasis was higher than that in the NPC without lymph node metastasis (P<0.01). The positive percentage of LMP1 protein was significantly increased in non-keratinizing carcinoma compared with undifferentiated carcinoma and keratinizing carcinoma (P<0.05 and P<0.05). The expression of Wnt5a protein in the NPC had significant positive correlation with LMP1 (r=0.354, P<0.001). Combined molecular phenotype of both Wnt5a and LMP1 expression was a good marker to distinguish NPC from non-cancerous nasopharyngeal epithelium. CONCLUSION The expression of Wnt5a and LMP1 protein in the NPC is positively correlated, and both wnt5a and LMP1 protein play important roles in the nasopharyngeal carcinogenesis either together or successively promoting the malignant transformation of nasopharyngeal epithelium and the development and progression of NPC. Both Wnt5a and LMP1 positive expression may act as good markers for NPC differential diagnosis.
Biomarkers, Tumor ; genetics ; metabolism ; Carcinogenesis ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Oncogene Proteins, Viral ; genetics ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tissue Array Analysis ; Viral Matrix Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Wnt Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Wnt-5a Protein

Dermatomyositis(DM)is an autoimmune disease often complicated with malignant tumors.More than 50%of DM patients have myositis specific autoantibodies in their bodies.DM specific autoantibodies[including anti-migration inhibitory factor(Mi)-2 antibody,anti-nuclear matrix protein(NXP)-2 antibody,anti-transcription intermediary factor(TIF)1-γ antibody,and anti-small ubiquitin like modifier activating enzyme(SAE)antibody]play important roles in the pathogenesis of malignancy associated DM.Revealing the role of DM specific autoantibodies in the development of malignant tumors in DM patients can provide important evidence for accurately assessing the risk of developing malignant tumors in DM patients,and also provide new ideas for clinical diagnosis of DM and precise treatment.

Objective To evaluate the use of intercostal trocars (ICS) and transthoracic trocars in laparoscopic resection of liver segments 7 and 8.Method From November 2015 to June 2017,20 patients who underwent laparoscopic S7 or 8 segmentectomy for liver tumors in the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery,the First Affiliated Hospital,Guangxi Medical University were analyzed retrospectively.Results Ports were inserted at the 8th or 9th ICS,respectively,in addition to the conventional abdominal ports.The mean operation time was 225.0 min (110.0 ～ 486.0 min).Anatomical resection was completed in 1 patient,and non-anatomical resection in 19 patients.The conversion rate was 0％.Pringle's maneuver was used in 9 patients.The mean blood loss was 85.0 (25.0 ～410.0) ml,and the mean length of hospital stay was 7.0 (5.0 ～ 12.0) days.The complication rate was 10.0％.Pathologic findings revealed that 17,2,1 patient(s) had HCC,hemangioma,and inflammatory nodule,respectively.The mean tumor size and tumor free margin were 33.8 (15.0 ～ 74.0) mm;and 15.0 (1.0 ～ 30.0) mm,respectively.There was no HCC recurrence on follow-up,expect for one patient who developed tumor recurrence at 20 months after laparoscopic liver resection.Conclusions In selected patients,laparoscopic liver resection using intercostal trocars was useful and safe for tumors located in liver segments 7 and 8.The long-term oncologic outcomes need to be further evaluated.

Objective To study the range of central venous pressure (CVP) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants within the first week after birth.Method From February 2014 to February 2018,50 VLBW infants without serious diseases during the first 7 days of life received umbilical venous catheters were prospectively enrolled.CVPs were measured every 4～6 h.The trend of CVP and the correlation of CVP (within 24 h) and birth weight,gestational age were analyzed.Result A total of 50 VLBW infants and 1 291 CVP measurements were included.The CVP increased slightly within 48 h after birth,and then declined.The 95％CI of CVPs were 3.67～4.21,4.03～4.49,3.90～4.33,3.67～4.19,3.29～3.97,3.14～3.94 and 2.64～ 3.55 cmH2O from day 1 to day 7.No significant correlation existed between CVP in the first day and birth weight,nor gestational age (r=-0.267,P=0.073;r=0.106,P=0.762).Conclusion The CVP of VLBW infants increased slightly within 48 h after birth,and then declined.There was no significant correlation between CVP in the first day and birth weight,nor CVP and gestational age.

The clinical practice teaching reform of pediatrics based on TBL combined with medical simulation teaching model was carried out. TBL teaching plan writing under the model of medical simulation teaching was researched. The principles, requirements, contents and procedures of compiling teaching plans were formed. Emphasis should be placed on medical simulation teaching, team cooperation, humanistic quality education and humanistic skills training. The purposes of the reform were to achieve standardized operation skills, improve clinical ability, ensure medical safety, and improve the quality of medical purposes, but still the reform need further improvement in the teaching practice.