Objective:To explore the anxiety, depression and social support of family caregivers of elderly patients with dementia at home in Shanghai, and to analyze the correlation among them.Methods:From February to August 2021, convenience sampling was used to select 110 family caregivers of elderly patients with dementia in Jing 'an District, Shanghai for investigation. The survey tools included the General Information Questionnaire, Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) , Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) . A total of 110 questionnaires were distributed, 107 questionnaires were recovered, and 105 were valid questionnaires, with a valid recovery rate of 95.5%. Results:Among 105 family caregivers of elderly patients with dementia, the total score of anxiety was (39.69±10.73) , and 51.4% (54/105) of the caregivers had anxiety. The total score of depression was (43.72±10.58) , and 66.7% (70/105) of the caregivers had depression. The score of social support was (29.69±7.31) , among which the score of social support utilization was the lowest (6.79±2.03) . Correlation analysis showed that the scores of anxiety and depression of caregivers were negatively correlated with the total score and each dimension scores of social support ( P<0.01) . Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the social support of caregivers was the influencing factor of anxiety and depression ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The incidences of anxiety and depression are high among caregivers of elderly patients with dementia at home. Social support for the health of caregivers of elderly patients with dementia at home should be strengthened from multiple areas, to reduce the occurrence of anxiety and depression, so as to improve their physical and mental health.

Renal transplant recipients have a high rate of unplanned readmission, which will seriously affect the quality of life of recipients and their families, increase medical costs and the medical burden. Unplanned readmission of renal transplant recipients is the result of multiple factors, which is difficult to be well intervened by a single measure. This article reviews the status quo, related reasons, influencing factors and interventions of unplanned readmission of renal transplant recipients for reference in clinical practice.

Objective:To understand the current status of kidney transplant patient empowerment and explore the factors affecting kidney transplant patient empowerment.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional survey. From September to November 2022, convenience sampling was used to select 201 patients who were followed up by the Renal Transplantation Department of Shanghai General Hospital as the study subject. A survey was conducted using the Patient General Information Questionnaire, Client Empowerment Scale (CES), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), Nurse-Patient Trust Scale, and Chinese Version of Chronic Illness Resource Survey (CV-CIRS). Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of empowerment levels in kidney transplant patients.Results:A total of 201 questionnaires were distributed and 197 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective recovery rate of 98.01% (197/201). The total empowerment score of 197 kidney transplant patients was (161.85±13.08). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that willingness to participate in health decision-making, general self-efficacy, and chronic disease resource support were the influencing factors for kidney transplant patient empowerment ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The empowerment of kidney transplant patients is at a moderate to upper level. The willingness of patients to participate in health decision-making, general self-efficacy, and chronic disease resource support are influencing factors for kidney transplant patient empowerment.

Objective:To investigate the current situation of perioperative nursing quality and nursing human resource allocation in 82 hospitals in Shanghai and analyze the correlation between them.Methods:The convenient sampling method was used to select surgical wards in 82 secondary and tertiary hospitals in Shanghai that underwent nursing quality supervision in September 2022 as the research objects. Perioperative nursing quality data (patients' condition, perioperative nursing routine and operation process, etc.) and nursing human resource allocation data (bed-to-nurse ratio, nurse-to-patient ratio, etc.) of inpatients in 82 hospitals were collected from the platform of Shanghai Nursing Quality Control Center. Pearson correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlation between perioperative nursing quality and nursing human resource allocation in inpatients.Results:The standard-reaching rate of perioperative nursing quality in 82 hospitals in Shanghai is 56.1% (46/82). The overall standard-reaching rate of perioperative nursing quality in secondary hospitals is 30.4% (7/23), which was lower than 66.1% (39/59) of tertiary hospitals, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). The total score of perioperative nursing quality in 82 hospitals was (79.67±1.89), among which the item with the lowest score was "perioperative complication predictive nursing", followed by "perioperative nursing routine and operation process" and "patient safety risk assessment". The bed-to-nurse ratio of surgical wards in 82 hospitals was 1∶ (0.47±0.21) and the nurse-to-patient ratio was 1∶ (12.20±6.44). The proportion of nurses with bachelor degree or above was (68±11) %, the proportion of nurses with intermediate title or above was (38±7) %, and the proportion of nurses with 5 years of work experience or above was (52±8) %. The total level of perioperative nursing quality was negatively correlated with the nurse-patient ratio ( r=-0.367, P<0.01), and positively correlated with the bed-to-nurse ratio, the proportion of nurses with bachelor's degree or above, the proportion of nurses with intermediate professional title or above, and the proportion of nurses with 5 years of work experience or above ( r=0.506, 0.631, 0.552, 0.636; P<0.01) . Conclusions:The overall level of perioperative nursing quality in 82 hospitals in Shanghai is average, and it is positively correlated with bed-to-nurse ratio and negatively correlated with nurse-to-patient ratio. Hospital managers should improve the scientific and refined level of perioperative nursing management, improve the perioperative nursing risk control mechanism, refine the perioperative nursing operation process, construct the risk forecasting, early-warning and pre-control mode of surgical complications and optimize the nursing human resource structure, so as to promote the high-quality development of perioperative nursing.

Objective To evaluate the dosimetric effect of three-dimensional(3D)printed headrests made of different materials in radiotherapy for head and neck tumor,and to evaluate whether the existence of customized 3D-printed headrest can be neglected during planning phase by comparing differences in target area doses,homogeneity index(HI),conformity index(CI),monitor units(MU),and organ-at-risk(OAR)dose.Methods Ten patients with head and neck tumors,including 5 cases with nasopharyngeal carcinoma and 5 with other head and neck tumors,were enrolled.The headrest contours were outlined using Monaco treatment planning system,and with the same calculation parameters,treatment plans were generated for scenarios without a headrest,with a standard headrest,and with 3D-printed headrests made of 10%filled polylactic acid and thermoplastic polyurethane.The target area doses,OAR dose,MU,and other results were recorded and subjected to statistical analysis.Results No significant differences were observed among the 4 groups(ignoring headrest,standard headrest,3D-printed headrests with 10%filled polylactic acid and thermoplastic polyurethane)in parameters such as D95,D5,Dmean,HI,CI,MU,and OAR dose(the maximum dose to the spinal cord)(P>0.05).Considering the presence of the headrest,significant differences were found in CI for nasopharyngeal carcinoma and other head and neck tumors(P<0.05).Conclusion During the planning phase,the existence of customized 3D-printed headrest can be ignored,but it should be noted that the presence of a headrest may reduce the MU in radiotherapy plans.When considering the headrest,the average CI of patients with other head and neck tumors is significantly higher than that with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.