Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of laser therapy in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity in China.Methods: The Cochrane reviewer's handbook was followed.Domestic published articles from 1989～2009 were selected by computer and handsearch.All these retrieved study were clinical control trials related to laser therapy in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity.The quality of included studies was critically evaluated and data were analyzed by the RevMan 5.0.1 software.Results: A tota1 of 114 articles were selected,but only 9 were included.The results showed that: although the data of immediate efficiency of laser treating dentin hypersensitivity could be combined,significant heterogeneity was found when the other studies' data were pooled.So the data could not be merged,only the descriptive analysis could be used.The immediate efficiency for the treatment of dentine hypersensitivity using lasers was higher than the control group,the difference was statistically significant[OR=3.83,95%CI(2.86,5.12)],other period of efficacy had a trend which was superior to the control group.Conclusion: Comparing with the control group,the desensitizing of dentin hypersensitivity with laser is more effective.However,because the literature quality of this study is not high,the above conclusion needs to be verified by larger sample-size,rigorously designed,randomized controlled clinical trials.

OBJECTIVE To study the expressions and significance of Fas/APO-1 protein and caspase-3 in human middle ear cholesteatoma and to investigate the relationship between their expressions and the apoptosis of cholesteatoma. METHODS The specimens from the middle ear cholesteatoma tissue of 20 cases and external ear skin of 10 cases were examined by immunohistochemical SP method and TUNEL method. RESULTS There was a significant difference in the expressions of Fas/APO-1 and caspase-3 positive cells between choleseatoma epithelium and normal external ear canal skin(P

ObjectiveTo evaluate the theoretical knowledge level of Chinese students majoring in stomatology based on the problem-based learning (PBL).MethodsThe Cochrane reviewer's handbook was followed by.Domestic published articles from 1989 -2010 were selected by computer and handwork.All these retrieved studies were controlled clinical trials related to oral theoretical education and were conducted by PBL and the traditional teaching methods.The quality of included studies was critically evaluated and the data were analyzed by the RevMan 5.0.1 software.ResultsA total of 138 articles were selected,but only 8 were included.Significant differences were found when the data were pooled(P ＜ 0.01,I2 =80％ ) and random effect model was used for meta-analysis.The results showed that comparing with the traditional teaching methods,PBL can improve the theoretical score of dental students [ MD 5.39,95％ CI(2.20,8.58)],and sensitivity analysis showed that the result was stable.ConclusionPBL can improve the theoretical score of Chinese students majoring in stomatology.However,as part of the studies are not high quality literature,the above conclusion needs to be verified by more large sample-sized,rigorously designed randomized controlled clinical trials.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the status of deciduous dental caries among preschool children in Chongqing city and to compare the oral health status of preschoolers from public and private kindergarten.

METHODSAccording to the criteria recommended by The Third National Oral Health Investigation, the deciduous caries of 5 030 preschool children aged 3 to 6 years old from 40 private kindergartens and 16 public kindergartens in Yuzhong district of Chongqing were examined. The prevalence of dental caries and the mean dmft and filling rate were calculated. The results were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 software package.

RESULTSMaxillary deciduous central incisors and mandibular deciduous molar were most prone to decay in 5,030 children. The prevalence of dental caries was 54.08% (2,720/5,030). The mean dmft score was 2.58 and the filling rate was 0.98% (127/12,993). The prevalence of dental caries and mean dmft increased gradually as the children were growing up (P < 0.05). The rate of filling teeth of the 6 year old group was higher than other groups (P < 0.05). No significant difference between males and females were noted (P > 0.05). The prevalence rate of deciduous dental caries among private kindergartens was 61.04% (1,656/2,713), with a mean dmft of 3.12 and filling rate of 0.35% (30/8,465). The prevalence rate of deciduous dental caries among public kindergartens was 45.92% (1,064/2,317), with a mean dmft of 1.95 and filling rate of 2.14% (97/4,528). Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in the prevalence rate, mean dmft, and filling rate between two kinds of kindergarten (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONDeciduous dental caries of preschool children is an important problem in Chongqing city and the children from private kindergarten had very low filling rate.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; DMF Index ; Dental Caries ; Dental Pulp Cavity ; Female ; Humans ; Incisor ; Male ; Molar ; Oral Health ; Prevalence ; Tooth, Deciduous

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effection of the pulmonary function of patients of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with asthma which treated with endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) based comprehensive treatment. METHOD: There were 50 cases of chronic rhinosinusitis with asthma whom met the study criteria. 35 cases enrolled in the tri al group, which treated with endoscopic sinus surgery, and routine perioperative tratment. Another 15 cases as control group which underwent conservative treatment. Both groups underwent the rule treatment of asthma. The main monitoring indexes, which included visual analogue scale (VAS) score, endoscopic Lund-Kennedy score, control of asthma symptoms, the pulmonary function which involved forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), the ratio of forced expiratory volume in first second and forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) and peak expiratory flow (PEF), were measured in the patients of each groups before surgery, follow-up for 1 year and 3-year. RESULT: Our study found that the VAS score of CRS with asthma was significantly negatively correlated with FEV1 and PEF (P < 0.05), endoscopic Lund-Kennedy score was significantly negatively correlated with PEF (P < 0.05); After the trial group underwent ESS based comprehensive treatment, the improvement of VAS score and endoscopic Lund-Kennedy score of postoperative compared with preoperative and the same period in the control group were significantly (P < 0.05). The difference of the postoperative asthma control rate of trial group after 1 year and after 3 years, respectively, compared with the same period control group were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The preoperative FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC and PEF of trial group compared with preoperative were significantly (P < 0.05). Even the difference of them compared with the same period control group were significantly (P < 0.05), except the FVC in the follow-up 3 years (P = 0.088). CONCLUSION The CRS may aggravate asthma symptoms and affect negatively the pulmonary function, and poor asthma control or aggravate may exacerbate the CRS in the course of CRS with asthma patient. With ESS based on combined therapy, it can improve the condition of CRS significantly and improve the control of asthma symptoms and pulmonary function else.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Asthma ; complications ; Chronic Disease ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nose ; surgery ; Pulmonary Ventilation ; physiology ; Rhinitis ; complications ; surgery ; Sinusitis ; complications ; surgery ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the status of dental caries of deciduous teeth among preschool children from private kin-dergarten in Chongqing city.Methods According to the criteria recommended by The Third National Oral Health Investigation,the deciduous caries of 2 713 preschool children aged 3 to 6 years from 40 private kindergartens in Yuzhong district were examined.The prevalence of dental caries and the mean dmft were calculated.The results were analyzed using SPSS21.0 software package. Results The prevalence of dental caries was 61.04%.The mean dmft score was 3.12,the filling rate was 0.4%.The caries preva-lence of 3-,4-,5-,6-year-old children were found to be 42.51%,59.53%,67.76% and 74.85%,and the mean dmft score were 2. 71,3.68,3.96 and 4.09.The prevalence of dental caries and mean dmft increased gradually as the children was statistically signifi-cant(P <0.05).The caries prevalence of male and female children were 61.65% and 60.41%,the mean dmft were 3.11 and 3.13, the difference was not statistically significant (P >0.05).Conclusion Deciduous dental caries of preschool children from private kindergartens was an important problem in Chongqing city,and the filling rate was very low.

To determine the efficacy and safety of Zhenjujiangya tablets combined with long-acting antihypertensive drugs in the patients with hypertension. Methods:A controlled study was carried out among 220 patients meeting the inclusion / ex-clusion criteria. All the patients were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. Both groups were treated with long-acting antihypertensive drugs as usual. The 110 patients in the experimental group were orally treated with Zhenjujiangya tab-lets ( bid) , while the other 110 patients in the control group were orally treated with Zhenjujiangya simulated tablets ( bid) , and the treatment course was 4 weeks. The efficacy was assessed using the reduction range of blood pressure, the clinical symptom score of hy-pertension and the indicators of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring as the indices, and the safety was assessed by the symptoms, signs and laboratory tests. Results:After the four-week treatment, the systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and hyperten-sion clinical symptom score were significantly decreased in the two groups, and the changes in the experimental group were more signifi-cant than those in the control group (P<0. 01). The effect on the clinical symptom of the experimental group was better than that of the control group (P<0. 01). There was no significant difference in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and the number of abnormal blood pressure in 24h, daytime and nighttime (P>0. 05). After the treatment, the changes in average systolic blood pres-sure in 24h and daytime in the experimental group showed statistically significant difference (P<0.05),while those in the control group were without statistically significant difference (P>0. 05), and the number of abnormal blood pressure in 24h and daytime in the experimental group exhibited reduction trend. There were no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events between the two groups (P>0. 05). Conclusion:Long-acting antihypertensive drugs combined with Zhenjujiangya tablets can further improve the antihypertensive efficacy without significant adverse reactions, which is suitable for clinical application.

Objective To study the effect of soluble, refolded, recombinant extracellular domain of the human Fc gamma receptor Ⅱ a (huFcγRⅡa) on the binding of human IgG to cells. Methods Extra-cellular domain of the huFcγRⅡ a gene was amplified from recombinant plasmid pe3huR Ⅱ by PCR and then cloned into pET-28a vector. The recombinant plasmid pETshuR Ⅱ was transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3) after identified by PCR and doubly digested. The inclusion bodies of fusion protein were extracted and purified by washing, dissolved in 6 mol/L guanidine buffer, and refolded by rapid dilution technique. The refolding protein activity was tested by ELISA and flow cytometry. Results Extraceilular domain of the huFcγRⅡa gene was successfully cloned into pET-28a. The results of SDS-PAGE showed that the molecular mass (Mr) of the expressed protein was 24.8 × 103, and the expression rate was 30%. The purity of recom-binant shuR Ⅱ was up to 90% after washing. ELISA showed that the recombinant shuR Ⅱ was able to bind human IgG in a dose dependent manner, shuRⅡ could competitively inhibit the binding of human IgG to huFcγRⅡa expressed on the surface of COS-7 cells by flow cytometry. Conclusion The results demon-strate that it is possible to obtain large quantities of recombinant shuR Ⅱ which has comparable binding prep-erties to those of the whole membrane bound huFcγR Ⅱ a.

To improve mass transfer and enhance the yield for C(1,2) biodehydrogenation of steroid 11beta-hydroxyl medroxyprogesterone, we carried out the dehydrogenation reaction of 11beta-hydroxyl medroxyprogesterone in an oil-in-water (O/W) microemulsion by Arthrobacter simplex UR016. We studied the effects of system composition, dehydrogenation temperature and substrate concentration on microbial transformation. We formulated a suitable O/W microemulsion system with Arthrobacter simplex UR016 culture broth as aqueous phase, 10 g/L of edible oil as oil phase, 4 g/L of Tween-O80 and 7% (V/V) alcohol as surfactant and cosurfactant. The optimal dehydrogenation temperature was 33 degrees C. The results showed that in Tween-80/alcohol/edible oil/water microemulsion system, the hydrophobic steroid was solubilised and diffused effectively, with the maximum conversion rate of 88.6% at 46 h under 4 g/L substrate concentration, an increase of 66.2% compared to that in aqueous system. The C(1,2) biodehydrogenation of 11beta-hydroxyl medroxyprogesterone is more efficient in water-edible oil microemulsion system than in aqueous system.
Arthrobacter ; metabolism ; Biotransformation ; Emulsions ; Hydrogenation ; Medroxyprogesterone ; chemistry ; metabolism

AJCC Esophageal Cancer Staging System, 8^th edition will be implemented on January 1, 2018. The N staging in 8^th edition of staging system remains following 7^th edition based on the number of metastatic nodes, except the limited revision of the regional lymph node map. N staging revision was reviewed from the simple definition of negative (N0) and positive (N1) lymph node(s) to the positive node number based proposal (7^th edition). The 7^th edition staging system, especially the N staging, were proved with more advantages on distinguishing disease progression and predicting prognosis of the esophageal cancer. On other hand, the disadvantages of 7^th edition N staging are discussed. The refined N staging based on the number of metastatic node station is introduced. The extent and station of metastatic node could better reflect the disease progression and prognosis according to our research. The controversy on N staging of esophagogastric junction cancer is discussed as well. Other reported N staging associated index including lymph node ratio, lymphatic vessel invasion and biomarkers are reviewed and evaluated.