The combination of tandem spectrometry and database searching is one of the most popular technologies for protein identification.However,only those proteins in the searching database could be identified,and current database is far from completeness.So it is necessary to mining the MS/MS data comprehensively,in which novel protein identification is the most important one.The definition of novel protein could be divided into three levels according to their annotations of sequences and functions.As a part of protein identification,the main approaches used to identify novel protein are basing on the following two different ways:de novo sequencing combined with similarity search and searching against nucleotide acid databases such as EST or genome databases.Several mature or newly developed methods and techniques were summarized,and the problems and strategies discussed here would be helpful for the related researches.

Objective To establish a HPLC method for the assay of psoralen and isopsoralen in different effective extracts of Fructus Psoraleae. Methods HPLC was carried out on the column of Kromasil RP-C18. The mobile phase was methanol -water(65 ∶35). The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and the UV detection wavelength was 245 nm. Results Good linearity of psoralen was showed within the range of 10.5 ng～525 ng(r= 0.999 3)and isopsoralen within the range of 9 ng～450 ng (r= 0. 999 9). The content of psoralen and isopsoralen differed in different extractions of Fructus Psoraleae. Among them,the extract C (extracted by ethyl acetate ) contained the highest contents of psoralen and isopsoralen,while the contents of psoralen and isopsoralen were very low in the extract D (extracted by n-butyl alcohol) and E (supernatant of water extract). Conclusion The method is simple,accurate and reproducible. The anti-asthma effect and the dose-effect relationship of the different effective extracts of Fructus Psoralea need further pharmacodynamics study.

Objective To establish a method for the determination of chimoni and forsythiaside in Kangbingdu Oral Liquid(KOL) and to develop a new quality standard for KOL. Methods A RP-HPLC method was adopted for the determination of chimonin and forsythiaside of KOL. The chromatographic conditions were as follows:Kromasil RP-C18(250 mm? 4.6 mm,5 ? m) column was used,a mixture of acetonitrile -0.1 % acetic acid(15 ∶ 85,v/v) served as mobile phase,the flow rate was 0.80 mL? min-1,and detective wavelengths of time process were 0→ 25 min:258 nm,and 25→ 30 min:277 nm. Theoretical plate number of chimoni was over 6000 and that of forsythiaside was over 5000. Results The chimonin showed a good linearity in the range of 48.8ng～ 1525 ng(r=0.999 4),and the linear range of forsythiaside was in the ranged of 56ng～ 1750 ng(r=0.999 5).The mean recovery of chimonin and forsythiaside was 97.65 % and 99.21 % respectively. The content of chimonin in the 10 batches of samples was in the range of 14.40～ 20.41 ? g? mL-1,and that of forsythiaside was in the range of 28.70～ 36.01 ? g? mL-1. Conclusion The developed method has been proven to be simple,stable and reproducible,and can be applied for quality control of the Kangbingdu Oral Liquid.

Data analysis poses a significant challenge to the large-scale proteomics studies. Based on the structured and controlled vocabularies-Gene Ontology (GO), and the GO annotation from related databases, a strategy composed of several programs and local databases is developed to identify the functional distribution and the significantly enriched functional categories of the proteomic expression profile. It would be helpful for understanding the overall functions of these identified proteins and supply the fundamental information for further bioinformatics exploration. This strategy has been successfully used in the Human Fetal Liver (HFL) proteomic research, which is available online at http://www.hupo.org.cn/GOfact/.

Cancer is a heterogeneous disease with complex mechanisms that requires targeted precision medicine strategies. The growth of precision medicine is indispensable from the rapid development of genomics. However, genomics has certain limitations in molecular phenotype analysis, proteogenomics thus arose at the right time. Proteogenomics is the merging of proteomics and genomics. This review describes the limitations of genomic analysis and highlights the importance of proteogenomics to re-understand precision oncology from a proteogenomic perspective. In addition, the application of proteogenomics in precision oncology is briefly introduced, the related public data projects are described, and finally, the challenges that need to be addressed at this stage are proposed.
Humans ; Proteogenomics ; Precision Medicine ; Neoplasms/genetics* ; Proteomics ; Genomics

Objective To analyze the relationship between the expression of TSP-1, VEGF, and Th17-related inflammatory factors and early acute lung injury (ALI) in COPD. Methods The clinical data of 140 randomly selected patients with COPD in our hospital from May 2016 to June 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the condition of the disease, they were divided into control group (n = 70) and observation group (n = 70). The related indicators were determined by flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical analysis of data was carried out by Pearson linear correlation analysis and logistic regression analysis. Results Compared with the control group, the levels of FEV1 and FEV1/FVC in the patients with COPD complicated with early ALI were significantly lower, while the ratio of Th17/Treg in peripheral blood was significantly higher in the observation group. The plasma levels of TSP-1, VEGF and related inflammatory factors were significantly higher in the observation group than those in the control group. Pearson correlation analysis showed that TSP-1 and VEGF were positively correlated with CD4+Th17 cell ratio. Logistic regression analysis showed that IL-17 was an independent risk factor for early acute lung injury in COPD. Conclusion The increased release of Th17-related inflammatory cytokines will aggravate the airway inflammatory response, cause abnormal expression of TSP-1 and VEGF, and lead to vascular endothelial dysfunction, which will further aggravate the condition of patients, and increase the risk of acute lung injury in patients with COPD.

In order to study the mechanical behavior of degeneration and nucleotomy of lumbar intervertebral disc, compression experiments with porcine lumbar intervertebral discs were carried out. The lumbar intervertebral discs with trypsin-treated and nucleus nucleotomy served as the experimental group and the normal discs as the control group. Considering the effects of load magnitude and loading rate, the relationship between stress and strain, instantaneous elastic modulus and creep property of intervertebral disc were obtained. The creep constitutive model was established. The results show that the strain and creep strain of the experimental group increase significantly with the increase of compression load and loading rate, whereas the instantaneous elastic modulus decreases obviously, compared with the control group. It indicates that the effect of load magnitude and loading rate on load-bearing capacity of intervertebral disc after nucleotomy is larger obviously than that of normal disc. The creep behavior of the experimental group can be still predicted by the Kelvin three-parameter solid model. The results will provide theoretical foundation for clinical treatment and postoperative rehabilitation of intervertebral disc disease.
Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Intervertebral Disc ; physiology ; surgery ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Stress, Mechanical ; Swine ; Weight-Bearing