Combining the experiment teaching innovation in our college,we carried on beneficial quest to the teaching mode of the biochemistry experiment.During the practice of the designing experiment,we not only pay attention to cultivating students' creation ability,but also lay emphasis on cultivation of their autonomy ability.which is very important to improve the students,early scientific research abilities or clinical practice abilities and so on.

Objective To explore the therapeutic effects of 660 nm red light on sciatic nerve injury in adult rats.Methods Forty-five adult,male rats were divided into a control group and treatment groups 1,2,3 and 4.Sciatic nerve injury was modeled by crushing the nerve.The treatment groups received irradiation with red light once daily for 21 consecutive days.The power density of red light and irradiation time varied among the groups.The latency and amplitude of compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) and nerve conductive velocity were examined at different time points.The Sciatic Function Index (SFI) was used to evaluate walking function.Results After 21 days of red light therapy no statistically significant differences were observed between the control group and treatment groups 1 to 4 with regard to the latency or the amplitude of the CMAPs.There was a significant difference between the control group and treatment group 3 in terms of sciatic nerve conduction velocity.The average Sciatic Function Indexes of treatment groups 2,3 were significantly different from that of the control group.Conclusion Red light irradiation can promote recovery after sciatic nerve injury,at least in rats,thereby improving walking function.

The means of OD value measurement and plate counting were used to choose the bacterial growth stimulants. Among the 120 substances sorted to 13 kinds (the trace elements, REE, carbohydrate, amino acids and amino acids derivatives, vitamins, nucleosides, plant hormones, animal hormones, plant and animal extracts, Echlonia Kurome Okum water extract and yeast extract), Echlonia Kurome Okum water extract and yeast extract were found to stimulate the growth of Escherichia coli significantly.

Objective To investigate the flora distribution and drug resistance status in the Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences so as to provide experimental data for clinical doctors to use antibiotics more efficiently.Methods The clinical data of pathogenic bacterial infections over nearly one year in our hospital were retro -spectively analyzed .Results There were 3815 strains of pathogenic bacteria isolated from the sample .The percentage of Gram-positive strains was 36.4%while that of Gram-negative bacteria was 63.6%.The most common bacteria were Esche-richia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus epidermidis.In terms of drug tolerance , Enterobacteriaceae remained highily sensitive to carbapenems .The total resistance rate was 2%-5%.The resistance rate of A.baumannii to meropenem and imipenem was 60%.There were still a few pan-drug resistant strains among K.pneumoniae,A.baumannii and P.aeruginosa,but there were no drug resistant strains to vancomycin , tige-cycline and linezolid in Staphylococcus.The resistance rate of Enterococcus faecium to vancomycin was 9%.The bacteria were distributed predominantly in ICU ,Department of Hematology and Department of Oncology .The samples were mainly composed of phlegm specimens .Conclusion The high distribution in the three departments mentioned above is largely re-lated to the diseases being treated .The specimens from the lower respiratory tract show more types of bacteria that are mostly drug-resistant, and the isolating rate of vancomycin resistant Enterococcus and carbapenems resistant K.pneumoniat is com-paratively high .

AIM: To purify human yolk sac mesenchymal ste m cells (hYS-MSC) and investigate its osteogenic and neurogenic differentiation potentials. METHODS: hYS-MSC were separated from yolk sac and purified via p assage culture. The karyotype of hYS-MSCs was analyzed via G-banded characterist ics. Flow cytometric analysis was used to determine the cell cycle and phenotype of hYS-MSC. The AKP expression of hYS-MSC was also tested. Osteogenic different iation of hYS-MSCs was induced by 10 -8mol/L dexamethasone, 10 mmol/L ?-gl ycerophosphate and 50 mg/L vitamin C. Alizarin red S stain was used for identifi cation of mineralization. ?-mecaptoethanol or salviae miltiorrhizae were used t o induce neurogenic differentiation of hYS-MSCs. The expressions of NSE, NF and GFAP were identified by immunohistochemical method. RESULTS: hYS-MSCs could be purified at passages 2 or 3. The cell cycle analysis suggested that hYS-MSCs showed strong proliferational potentials by which the cells kept normal diploid karyotype during the in vitro cultur e. Flow cytometry showed the phenotype of purified hYS-MSCs was uniformly positi ve for CD29, CD44, CD105, and CD166, and negative for reactivity to antigens CD3 4, CD45, or CD86. hYS-MSCs were weakly but clearly positive in AKP. Osteogenic d ifferentiation was appeared after induction of osteogenic differentiation. hYS-M SCs, which were of spindle shape, uniform in size, were induced to pleomorphism osteoblast-like cells which expressed high level of AKP. Aggregates or nodules w ere formed at day 7 and calcium accumulation was detected by alizarin red S stai ning on day 10 or day 14. Neurogenic differentiation of hYS-MSCs was induced by ?-mecaptoethanol or salviae miltiorrhizae. NSE, NF or GFAP positive cells were detected by immunohistochemical staining. CONCLUSIONS: hYS-MSCs have strong proliferation potential and th e normal diploid karyotype is kept during the in vitro culture. The phenoty pe of hYS-MSCs is coincident with adult hMSCs. hYS-MSCs could be induced to dif ferent iate into osteogenic or neurogenic cells.

The essence of endogenous turbidity in Chinese medicine (CM) is different from cream, fat, phlegm, retention, damp, toxicity, and stasis. Along with the development of modern scientific technologies and biology, researches on the essence of endogenous turbidity should keep pace with the time. Its material bases should be defined and new connotation endowed at the microscopic level. The essence of turbidity lies in abnormal functions of zang-fu organs. Sugar, fat, protein, and other nutrient substances cannot be properly decomposed, but into semi-finished products or intermediate metabolites. They are inactive and cannot participate in normal material syntheses and decomposition. They cannot be transformed to energy metabolism, but also cannot be synthesized as executive functioning of active proteins. If they cannot be degraded by autophagy-lysosome or ubiquitin-prosome into glucose, fatty acids, amino acids, and other basic nutrients to be used again, they will accumulate inside the human body and become endogenous turbidity. Therefore, endogenous turbidity is different from final metabolites such as urea, carbon dioxide, etc., which can transform vital qi. How to improve the function of zang-fu organs, enhance its degradation by autophagy-lysosome or ubiquitin-prosome is of great significance in normal operating of zang-fu organs and preventing the emergence and progress of related diseases.
Autophagy ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex

BACKGROUNDTo study the relationship between HCV infection and the development of type II diabetes mellitus.

METHODS1. The case record files of 126 patients with chronic hepatitis C vs. 227 with chronic hepatitis B were reviewed and the laboratory and demographic data were extracted. 2. Anti-HCV and HBsAg were determined for 160 type II diabetes patients and 223 healthy adults by ELISA.

RESULTS1. The occurrence of diabetes in patients with chronic hepatitis C was 19.05%, higher than 8.37% in patients with chronic hepatitis B (P<0.01). Age and HCV infection were independent risk factors for diabetes. 2. Five patients with type II diabetes were anti-HCV positive (3.12%) while none of the 223 healthy adults was anti-HCV positive (P<0.05). Seven patients with diabetes (4.37%) and 12 healthy adults (5.38%)were HBsAg positive (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONS1. The occurrence of diabetes was significantly higher in patients with HCV related liver disease than in patients with HBV related liver disease. 2. The occurrence of anti HCV was higher in diabetes patients than in healthy adults. HCV may play a role in the development of diabetes mellitus.

Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Comorbidity ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; epidemiology ; virology ; Female ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; complications ; epidemiology ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; complications ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Random Allocation ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors

AIMTo study the antitumor mechanism of 3-bromopropionylamino benzoylurea (JIMB01) on leukemia and lymphoma.

METHODSThe antitumor effects of JIMB01 in cell culture was detected by MTT staining. JIMB01-induced apoptosis in leukemia and lymphoma cells was tested by Giemsa staining, fluorescent Hoechst33258 staining, as well as DNA gel electrophoresis. Cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry. JIMB01-induced Bcl-2 phosphorylation in CEM cell lines was detected by Western blot methods. The activities of caspase-3 and caspase-8 were determined by colorimetric protease assay and that of caspase-9 was determined by fluorescent intensity.

RESULTSThis compound showed antiproliferative activities in a panel of nine human leukemia and lymphoma cell lines with IC50 values in the range of 0.25 micromol x L(-10 to 0. 51 micromol x L(-1). Morphological observation and cell cycle analysis indicated that CEM cells were blocked at mitosis phase by JIMB01. The fluorescent Hoechst33258 staining showed apoptotic nuclear degradation dispersed in the cytoplasm of CEM cells exposed to JIMB01 at 0. 80 micromol x L(-1) for 24 h. DNA degradation in the form of a multiple-unit DNA ladder was clearly demonstrated in CEM leukemia cells treated with JIMB01 at 0.15 micromol x L(-1) or higher for 24 h using agarose gel electrophoresis. Bcl-2 phosphorylation became visible, in Western blot, within 6 h in CEM cells treated with JIMB01 at 0.15 micromol x L(-1) or higher for 24 h. JIMB01 increased the activities of caspase-3, -8 and -9 in CEM cells; DEVD-fmk, a caspase-3 inhibitor, inhibited the cytotoxicity of JIMB01 in CEM leukemia cells.

CONCLUSIONThe antitumor mechanism of JIMB01 is that JIMB01 may induce tumor cell apoptosis through Bcl-2 phosphorylation and then caspase passway.

Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; Caspase 8 ; Caspase 9 ; Caspases ; metabolism ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; DNA Fragmentation ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Leukemia, T-Cell ; enzymology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; pathology ; Phosphorylation ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; U937 Cells ; Urea ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo develop a rapid and definite diagnostic test of bacterial enteritis caused by pathogenic enterobacteria, the most frequent etiologic agent of infectious enteritis in the world.

METHODSA set of conventional PCR assays were applied to detect and identify salmonella, shigella, and E. coli O157:H7 directly from pure culture and fecal samples. The general primers of pathogenic enterobacteria were located on the uidA gene, which were found not only in E. coli nuclear acid, but also in shigella and salmonella genes. Shigella primer was from ipaH gene whose coded invasive plasmid relative antigen existed both in plasmid and in genome. The primers of salmonella were designed from the 16SrRNA sequence. The primer of E. coli O157:H7 was taken from eaeA gene. Five random primers were selected for RAPD. The detection system included common PCR, semi-nested PCR and RAPD.

RESULTSThis method was more sensitive, specific and efficient and its processing was rapid and simple. For example, the method could be used to specifically detect and identify salmonella, shigella, and E. coli O157:H7, and its sensitivity ranged from 3 to 50 CFU, and its detection time was 4 hours.

CONCLUSIONThis PCR method, therefore, can serve as a routine and practical protocol for detecting and identifying pathogenic microorganisms from clinical samples.

DNA Primers ; DNA, Bacterial ; analysis ; Escherichia coli O157 ; isolation & purification ; Feces ; microbiology ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Salmonella typhi ; isolation & purification ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Shigella flexneri ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo summarize the clinical management of abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) in burn patients with severe burn injury.

METHODSTwelve serious burn patients with abdominal compartment syndrome hospitalized in our center from January 2001 to April 2005 were enrolled in the study. Among them 3 patients were treated with conservative method, 4 with escharectomy of abdominal wall, 5 with laparotomy for decompression. The clinical results were analyzed statistically. Bladder pressure, central venous pressure, systolic blood pressure and arterial blood oxygen partial pressure (PaO2 ) were measured and compared before and after operation.

RESULTSAmong these 12 patients, 5 died with the overall mortality of 41.67%. But only 3 died among 9 patients undergone operation. Most of patients were oliguric,with abnormal bladder pressure, central venous pressure, and systolic blood pressure 24 hours before operation. But these parameters were significantly improved after operation ( P <0. 01).

CONCLUSIONEarly abdominal escharectomy and timely abdominal decompression are vital for the management of ACS in burn patients.

Abdomen ; pathology ; Adult ; Aged ; Burns ; complications ; therapy ; Compartment Syndromes ; etiology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged