OBJECTIVE:To study the adsorption of disposable transfusion connective tube and infusion needle for single use only to nitroglycerin in intravenous injection via minipump.METHODS:The intravenous injection via minipump was im-itated;the concentration change of nitroglycerin during the injection process was determined by the high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and ultraviolet spectrophotometry.RESULTS:Disposable transfusion connective tube and infusion needle for single use only had significant adsorption to nitroglycerin with an mean adsorption rate at(73.88?2.05)%within8hours.CONCLUSION:It is unsuitable to use those disposable transfusion connective tubes and infusion needles for single use only that have strong adsorption to nitroglycerin in the intravenous injection of nitroglycerin via minipump.

AAIM:To investigate the effect of atorvastatin ( ATO) on electrical remodeling, atrial ion channel protein expression and cardiac function in atrial tachypacing rabbits, and to explore the potential electrical mechanism of ATO in the prevention of atrial fibrillation.METHODS:The rabbits were subjected to atrial tachypacing at 600 min-1 in the absence or presence of treatment with atorvastatin (ATP and ATO groups) for 48 h, and the other 10 as sham group without pacing ( NP group) .The tachypacing model was performed by attaching pacing and testing electrodes to left atrial and connecting with custom animal cardiac pacemaker in the open-chest situation.The animals in ATO group were pretrea-ted with ATO for 7 d and continued during tachypacing.Serial atrial effective refractory period ( AERP) was measured in each rabbit at baseline, 8 h, 16 h, 24 h, 32 h, 40 h and 48 h with different cycle lengths.The changes of cardiac func-tions and cardiac structure were observed by cardiac ultrasonic cardiogram before and after atrial tachypacing.The expres-sion of atrial ion channel proteins CaLα1 and Kv4.3 was detected by Western blotting.RESULTS:Compared with NP group, AERP at cycle lengths of 150 and 200 ms, the adaption of AERP, and the levels of CaLα1 and Kv4.3 expression were all decreased in ATP and ATO group, especially in ATP group.Left atrial dimension ( LAD) was increased in pacing groups as compared with NP group (P<0.05) after pacing delivery for 48 h, while no difference between the formers was observed.No significant change of the left ventricular dimension ( LVD) and ejection fraction ( LVEF) among groups be-fore and after pacing was found.CONCLUSION:Atrial tachypacing significantly shorten AERP, resulting in poor adap-tion of AERP, while ATO pretreatment significantly attenuates the atrial electrical remodeling in rabbits, but had no effect on cardiac structure.ATO suppresses the down-regulation of atrial ion channel proteins CaLα1 and Kv4.3 expression after 48 h, which may be the potential ionic mechanism of atrial electrical remodeling for ATO.

Objective To compare the RIFLE and AKIN diagnosis criteria for acute kidney injury ( AKI) in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods Patients undergoing cardiac surgery from January 2004 to June 2007 were retrospectively evaluated. RIFLE and AKIN criteria were employed for the diagnosis and staging of AKI which occurred 7 d after cardiac surgery. The diagnosis sensitivity and precision for prediction of hospital mortality were compared between these two criteria. Results One thousand and fifty-six patients were included in this study. There was no significant difference between the prevalence of AKI after cardiac surgery diagnosed by RIFLE criteria and that diagnosed by AKIN criteria (29.55% vs 31.06%, P>0.05). There was no significant difference between the total hospital mortality and the hospital mortality of each stage of AKI diagnosed by RIFLE criteria and those diagnosed by AKIN criteria ( P > 0. 05). Logistic regression analysis suggested that the relative risk of hospital mortality for AKI was similar between patients diagnosed by AKIN criteria and those diagnosed by RIFLE criteria. The area under the ROC curve for hospital mortality was 0. 856 for RIFLE and 0.865 for AKIN in all patients (P<0.001). Conclusion Compared to RIFLE criteria, AKIN criteria do not improve the sensitivity of diagnosis and predictive ability of hospital mortality of AKI after cardiac surgery.

Objective: To investigate the expression changes of Bcl-2-associated athanogene 1(BAG-1) and its regulatory effect on the glucocorticoid receptor(GR) activity in rat alveolar macrophages in conditions of cell inflammation and glucocorticoid therapy.Methods: The expression changes of BAG-1 were detected by Western blot after lipopolysaccharide(LPS) and Dexamethasone(Dex) treatment of rat alveolar macrophages(AMs),the interaction between BAG-1 and GR determined by immune coprecipitation experiment,and the transcriptional activation of GR measured by relative luciferase activity assay.Results:After LPS and Dex treatment,the expression of BAG-1L in total protein increased but that of BAG-1S remained changed,BAG-1L rather than BAG-1S was detected in nuclear protein and its expression increased gradually within 24 hours,the interaction between BAG-1L and GR was observed in nucleoli,and the transcriptional activation of GR decreased,with a negative correlation between BAG-1L expression and GR activity.Conclusion:LPS and Dex acting on rat alveolar macrophages,the expression of BAG-1L increases,which,coupled with GR,translocates into nucleoli and inhibits GR activity.This might be the important mechanism that underlies glucocorticoid resistance in inflammation.

Objective To explore the basic biological characteristics of lncRNA -uc.1 67,and its spatial dis-tribution,temporal expression pattern during the mouse embryonic development.Methods The UCSC genome browser of ENCODE was used to analyze preliminary bioinformatics of lncRNAs.Real -time (RT)-PCR was applied to detect the expression of uc.1 67 and neighboring genes in the embryonic mouse heart in different stages (P7.5,P1 1 .5,P1 4.5, P1 8.5).Dimethyl sulphoxide was used to induce P1 9 cell differentiation into the cardiomyocytes.RT -PCR was applied to detect the expression changes in uc.1 67 and neighboring genes on differential day 0,4,6,8 and 1 0.Results Full -length of human uc.167 was 201 bp,and human uc.167 was located in the genome 5q14.3 (chr5:88179623 -881 79824,GRCh37 /hg1 9).uc.1 67 mainly expressed in the ventricular muscle tissue.The expression of uc.1 67 was gradually decreased in the mouse embryonic heart development process(P7.5:1 .000 ±0.1 00,P1 1 .5:0.71 4 ±0.1 07, P1 4.5:0.393 ±0.043,P1 8.5:0.1 25 ±0.01 3),while the expression of its neighboring Mef2c gene was gradually in-creased(P7.5:1 .081 ±0.1 1 8,P1 1 .5:2.340 ±0.351 ,P1 4.5:3.958 ±0.542,P1 8.5:9.361 ±0.722),which showed an opposite trend.The expression of uc.1 67 during P1 9 cell differentiation into cardiomyocytes showed a an increase at first and then a decreasepattern,and the highest level expression of uc.1 67 was on differential day 4(d0:1 .071 ± 0.1 1 7,d4:4.71 4 ±0.501 ,d6:3.572 ±0.41 4,d8:2.550 ±0.31 4,d1 0:0.786 ±0.085).The expression of neigh-boring gene Mef2c was in an opposite trend(d0:1 .01 2 ±0.041 ,d4:0.353 ±0.037,d6:2.470 ±0.329,d8:6.706 ± 0.682,d1 0:7.765 ±0.705).Conclusions It is suggested that uc.1 67 may take part in the process of embryonic heart development and may play a role through negatively regulating its neighboring gene Mef2c.

Objective:To analyze the clinical features and CYP17A1 gene mutation of 17α-hydroxylase/17, 20-lyase deficiency (17OHD). Methods:The clinical data, laboratory examination and genetic results of 6 children with 17OHD in the Department of Endocrinology, Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics from March 2014 to December 2019 were enrolled and analyzed retrospectively.Meanwhile, the clinical types of all congenital adrenocortical hyperplasia (CAH) patients were calculated and then the incidence of 17OHD was calculated.Results:The 6 cases were from 5 families, and the age at diagnosis was ranged from 1 year and 6 months to 15 years old, in which 2 cases were 46, XX and 4 cases were 46, XY.Their gender were all female.Three cases presented with hypertension (50.0%), 4 cases with hypokalemia (66.7%), and 1 case with labia mass (16.7%). The gonad developed into a testis in patients with 46, XY, and patients with 46, XX had ovarian hypoplasia.The laboratory tests revealed an decrease in the cortisol at 8 AM in all cases, ranging from 0.62 to 5.93 mg/L.Five cases displayed an increase in adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in the range of 84-271 ng/L, and 1 patient with normal ACTH (58 ng/L) had a peak cortisol of 1.75 mg/L after the ACTH challenge test.Elevated progesterone was detected in 6 patients with a normal 17 hydroxyprogesterone level.Further results proved low levels of testosterone and estradiol, and high levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). CT scan showed mild adrenal hyperplasia in all cases.Among 114 CAH patients during the same period, the incidence of 17OHD came second at 5.3%.The CYP17A1 gene mutation results indicated that 2 unrelated patients were homozygous mutation for p. Y329fs (c.985_987delTACinsAA), 2 siblings were compound heterozygous mutations for p. Y329fs and exon 1-7 deletion, 1 patient was compound heterozygous mutations of p. Y329fs and p. R416C (c.1246C>T), and 1 patient was homozygous mutations for p. L465P (c.1394T> C), which was first reported in China. Conclusions:17OHD is not rare in CAH.Female children with hypokalemia, hypertension, and hypogonadism can lead to diagnostic suspicion of 17OHD.The p. Y329fs mutation in Chinese 17OHD children is a hotspot.The p. L465P (c.1394T>C) mutation is a new mutation in China and it could enrich the mutant spectrum of CYP17A1 gene in China.

Objective: To investigate the health information needs and use habits of primary and secondary school students in Shanghai, and to provide a reference for appropriate health education. Methods: An online survey was conducted from May to June 2022 for 979 primary and secondary school students in eight schools in Shanghai, using a self administered questionnaire, through stratified random sample method. Results: Health information with the higher demand among primary and secondary school students in Shanghai were myopia prevention [5(4,5)], oral health [5(3,5)], physical fitness [5(3,5)], healthy posture enhancement [5(3,5)], accidental injury protection[5(3,5)], prevention of Internet addiction[5(3,5)]. The most frequently used channels of health information were WeChat[4(3,5)], family, friends, classmates[4(3,5)], websites or online forums[4(3,5)], school teachers[4(3,5)], video websites or APPs[4(3,5)],doctors and experts[4(3,5)] and school activities or clubs[4(3,5)]. The most interesting forms of health information dissemination were videos, cartoons, short videos[5(4,5)]. High trust recipients of help for health problems were parents[5(4,5)], doctors and other professionals[5(4,5)],grandparents[4(3,5)], school teachers[4(3,5)], as well as peers and friends[4(3,5)]. Conclusion Shanghai primary and secondary school students had a high demand for health information. Most often obtained health information through social media and interpersonal communication. The most interested forms of health communication included videos, pictures,etc. The form and content of health education should be carefully designed according to the needs and characteristics of the audience. A three dimensional matrix of media, organizations, and interpersonal health communication should be created to strengthen the effectiveness of health education.

Objective To determine,the clinical significance of serum myocardial enzymes (Mb,cTNI, CK,CK-Mb,AST,LDH) in the classification of the disease severity of non-cardiogenic critically-ill patients. Compared with APACHEⅡscore concerned as the standard diagnosis of the critical ills,these biomarkers were investigated for the evaluation possibility of the degree and the prognosis of the critical ills.Method Patients admitted to our EICU were consecutively collected for the research from April to December in 2005 and the myocardial enzymes,and routine serum biochemical test and APACHEⅡscore were detected simultaneously.All the patients were classified to three groups according to the APACHEⅡscore (mild group,APACHEⅡ25) and two groups (survive group and death group) according to the prognosis.All the patients were followed up till recovery/discharge or death. Covariance,Wilcoxon and x~2 were used for the statistical analysis.Results The myocardial enzymes rose when the disease deteriorated and the APACHEⅡscore went up.AST,LDH,CK,CK-Mb,Mb were significantly different in the three groups according to the APACHEⅡscore (P

Aim To observe the effects of oral puerarin (Pue) on the maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) rats and its fetal growth and development, so as to provide references for the application of Pue in the treatment of GDM. Methods The GDM rat model was established by injecting streptozotocin (STZ) into the tail vein of pregnant female rats, and the rats were treated with Pue orally for 12 days; the body weight and abortion of pregnant rats were recorded. The fasting blood glucose of pregnant rats was detected before and at the end of the treatment, and the glucose tolerance was tested on the 5th and 10th days after the administration of the drug. The cesarean sections were carried out on the 20th day of pregnancy. The blood glucose content of the fetal rats was detected, and the state of development was observed. The body weight and length were measured, as well as the placenta and the important organs weight, and the indexes of the organs were calculated. Results Compared with the model group, Pue could significantly reduce the fasting blood glucose of GDM pregnant rats and fetal rats, improve the glucose tolerance of pregnant rats, effectively alleviate the excessive weight gain of pregnant rats and overweight of fetal rats caused by GDM, and reduce the abortion rate; it could also reverse the decrease in the indexes of the organs of brain, heart, and liver, and the increase in the indexes of organs of kidney in fetal rats caused by GDM. Conclusions Pue can relieve the maternal and the fetal hyperglycemia in GDM, reduce the rate of miscarriage, reduce the incidence of macrosomia, and promote the development of vital fetal organs.

Objective To investigate the incidence, risk factors and outcome of acute kidney injury (AKI) following cardiac surgeries. Methods Clinical data of 1056 patients undergoing open heart surgery in Renji Hospital from January 2004 to June 2007 were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate possible pre-,intra-, and post-operative parameters associated with AKI according to AKI Network (AKIN). Results Of the 1056 patients, 328 (31.06%) developed AKI. In-hospital mortality was 4.07% in all discharges while 11.59% in AKI patients (P<0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that increased age (OR=1.40), pre-operative hyperurieemia (OR=1.97), pre-operative left ventricular insufficiency (OR=2.53), combined surgery (OR=2.79), prolonged operation time (OR=1.43), post-operative circulation volume insufficiency (OR=11.08) were risk factors of AKI. Conclusions AKI is a common complication and associated with increased mortality following cardiac surgery. Increased age, pre-operative hyperuricemia, pre-operative left ventricular insufficiency, combined surgery, prolonged operation time, post-operative circulation volume insufficiency are useful in stratifying risk factors for the development of AKI.