Animals ; Dentistry ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature

In order to identify Peucedani Radix, Peucedani Decursivi Radix and their adulterants, the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) regions of Peucedani Radix, Peucedani Decursivi Radix and their adulterants were amplified and bidirectionally sequenced based on the Principles for Molecular Identification of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica Using DNA Barcoding, which has been promulgated by Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission. Sequences were analyzed and assembled by Codon Code Aligner V3. 7.1. The relevant data were analyzed by MEGA 5. 0. Species identification analyses were performed by using the nearest distance methods and neighbor-joining (NJ) methods. The result showed that the ITS2 sequence lengths of Peucedani Radix were 229-230 bp and the average intra-specific genetic distances were 0.005. The ITS2 sequence lengths of Peucedani Decursivi Radix were 227 bp and the sequences contained no variation site. The average inter-specific K2P genetic distance of Peucedani Radix, Peucedani Decursivi Radix and their adulterants species were 0.044 and 0.065 respectively. The minimum inter-specific divergence is larger than the maximum intra-specific divergence of Peucedani Decursivi Radix. The nearest distance methods and NJ trees results indicated that Peucedani Radix, Peucedani Decursivi Radix and their adulterants species could be identification clearly. The ITS2 regions can stably and accurately distinguish Peucedani Radix, Peucedani Decursivi Radix and their adulterants.
Apiaceae ; classification ; genetics ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; methods ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; Drug Contamination

OBJECTIVETo study the paracrine effect of the neuroendocrine differentiation cells and its influence on androgen receptor expression of prostate carcinoma cells.

METHODSEstablished an in vitro induced model of neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate carcinoma (LNCaP(NE), PC-3M(NE)), and investigate the proliferation effect of neuroendocrine phenotype cells (LNCaP(NE), PC-3M(NE)) on other non-neuroendocrine phenotype cells (LNCaP, PC-3M) by feeding non-neuroendocrine phenotype cells with the medium pre-incubated with induced neuroendocrine phenotype cells. It was also tested the regulation of androgen receptor mRNA and androgen receptor protein expression of LNCaP(NE) cells on LNCaP cells by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and Western Blot in the presence or absence of androgens.

RESULTSThe medium pre-incubated with PC-3M(NE) cells could promote the proliferation of PC-3M cells. The medium pre-incubated with LNCaP(NE) cells could promote the proliferation of LNCaP cells, and reduce the expression of androgen receptor in the latter in the absence of androgens, but the negative results were observed in the presence of androgens.

CONCLUSIONSThe neuroendocrine phenotype cells of prostate cancer can reduce the expression of androgen receptor in prostate cancer cells and promote them to proliferate by means of paracrine in the blockade of androgens.

Androgens ; pharmacology ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent ; metabolism ; pathology ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Receptors, Androgen ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect on increasing bone cement-bone interface micro-gomphosis intensity with bone cement oscillator.

METHODSOne hundred femoral bones of adult pig were randomly divided into 6 groups: oscillating group (A1) and control group (A2) of anti-tensile force, oscillating group (B1) and control group (B2) of anti-pressure (n = 20 in each group), oscillating group (C1) and control group (C2) of imaging (n = 10 in each group). Mechanics and CT test was performed, micro-gomphosis intensity of bone cement-bone interface between oscillating group and control group was compared.

RESULTSMechanics and CT test showed bone cement-bone interface micro-gomphosis intensity in oscillating group was significantly stronger than control group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONBone cement oscillator can significantly increase micro-gomphosis intensity of bone-cement interface, and reduce long-term aseptic loosening of artificial prostheses.

Animals ; Bone Cements ; Cementation ; Equipment Design ; Femur ; Joint Prosthesis ; Male ; Materials Testing ; Mechanics ; Random Allocation ; Swine ; Vibration

OBJECTIVETo define changes in clusterin expression following short-term neoadjuvant hormone therapy (NHT) and its biological significance in prostate cancer tissues.

METHODSTwenty-six archival radical prostatectomy (RP) specimens without receiving NHT, 19 needle biopsies and corresponding 19 RP specimens following 3-month NHT, were subjected to immunohistochemical clusterin staining.

RESULTSStaining for clusterin was mainly found in cytoplasm and part of extracellular matrix. Clusterin expression was significantly greater in RP specimens with preoperative NHT (t = 2.91, P < 0.01); Needle biopsies obtained before NHT consistently demonstrated lower staining intensity (1.42 +/- 0.51) than corresponding RP specimens (2.16 +/- 0.60) following 3-month NHT (t = 7.10, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSUpregulation of clusterin in part accounts for malignant progression of prostate cancer through its anti-apoptotic action following androgen withdrawal. These findings support that adjuvant therapy targeting clusterin may enhance androgen ablation therapy in advanced prostate cancer.

Aged ; Clusterin ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; methods ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense ; therapeutic use ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo propose the clinical classification of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS).

METHODS AND RESULTSRetrospective analysis of 52 patients with PJS admitted in Nanfang Hospital from 1980 to 2003 was conducted. Twenty-four patients were found to have family history of PJS, who had a mean age of 19 years. In the PJS patients, the incidence of gastric polyps was 64.4%, colorectal polyps 76%, and small bowel polyps 95%. The number of polyps was above 50 in 19 of the 31 patients with gastric polyps, in 18 of the 38 patients with colorectal polyps, and in 8 of the 19 patients with small bowel polyps. The pathology of the majority of the polyps (63/108) was characterized by hamartomas, and the incidence of malignancy was 13.5% in the PJS patients.

CONCLUSIONSPJS can be classified according to family history and location, pathology, and number of the polyps. As most patients with over 50 polyps require surgical intervention, 50 polyps is recommended as the criteria for PJS classification. Endoscopic surgery may suffice for management of patients with fewer polyps (<50), while in patients with more polyps or small bowel polyps, open surgery combined with intraoperative endoscopic surgery is recommended.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Intestinal Polyps ; pathology ; Male ; Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome ; classification ; pathology ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo investigate the pathological feature of primary hepatic carcinoma and the clinical significance.

METHODSFrom August 2000 to December 2007, there were 89 patients with cirrhosis and carcinoma of liver who accepted whole liver resection. The whole liver was cut into 10 mm slices to examine the tumor size, number, distribution, capsule, satellite nodes, portal vein tumor thrombi (PVTT). The invaded adjacent tissue and lymph nodes were recorded, the distance from satellite to major tumor was measured, then histological examinations were carried out, and the final diagnosis was made by pathologists.

RESULTSThe total of 89 cases included hepatocellular carcinoma in 86 cases and cholangiocarcinoma in 3 cases; 53 cases with multiple tumors and 36 cases with solitary tumor; complete capsule only in 14 cases, no obvious margin in 11 cases, 13 cases had a major tumor in the right lobe and a small tumor in the left lobe; 8 of 25 cases with gross invaded tissue were confirmed by histological examination, 7 of 16 cases with swollen lymph nodes were infiltrated by cancer cells. There were 47 cases with PVTT (47.2%) and 39 cases with satellite nodes (43.8%). PVTT and satellite nodes increased with the increase of sizes and the numbers of the tumors. The distance from satellite node to major tumor mostly were 0.5 - 3.0 cm.

CONCLUSIONSThe whole explanted liver can completely reflect the characteristics of growth and infiltration of hepatic carcinoma. Attention must be paid to the small cancer lesions in another lobe, distal satellite nodes from major tumor, and tumor thrombi in a small branch of portal vein, which can not be found by imaging, and might influence the curative effectiveness after liver resection or transplantation.

Adult ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Hepatectomy ; Humans ; Liver ; pathology ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility, reliability and therapeutic effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT).

METHODSThe clinical data of adjuvant chemotherapy after OLT in 10 advanced HCC patients were studied retrospectively. FAP chemotherapy regimen was adopted calcium folinate (CF) 200 mg/m(2) and 5-Fluorouracil 500 mg/m(2) iv on D1 to D5, and doxorubicin 40 mg/m(2), cisplatin 30 mg/m(2) iv on D1, with 28 days as a cycle. The opportune time of chemotherapy, chemotherapy regimen, synergistic action between cytotoxic agent and immunosuppressive agent on liver and kidney and side-effects were preliminarily evaluated.

RESULTS7/10 patients are surviving, with the longest survival of 32 months, and the shortest 9 months. Three patients died after operation, two at 13 months, one at 20 months after OLT, all died of metastasis. The incidence of one year survival was 9/9. During the period of chemotherapy, the side-effects of adjuvant chemotherapy were moderate.

CONCLUSIONChemotherapy which is able to prolong the life-span of patients with advanced HCC after orthotopic liver transplantation is feasible and effective, the side-effects were mild. The choice of opportune time of chemotherapy might influence the outcome.

Adult ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Cisplatin ; administration & dosage ; Doxorubicin ; administration & dosage ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; administration & dosage ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Leucovorin ; administration & dosage ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; surgery ; Liver Transplantation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Postoperative Period ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical effect of Chinese medicine (CM) and Western medicine (WM) for controlling the recurrence of pelvic endometriosis after a conservative operation.

METHODSThe study was a multi-center, randomized, parallel controlled and prospective clinical trial. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: CM group (106 cases) and WM group (102 cases). Drugs were given to patients during 1-5 days of the first menstruation after a conservative operation in both groups. Patients with stages I and II (revised American Fertility Society) were treated for 3 months, while the patients with stages III and IV were treated for 6 months. The patients in the CM group were treated using three types of Chinese herbal medicine based on syndrome differentiation. Patients in the WM group were treated using gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) or gestrinone. Patients treated with GnRH-a received add-back therapy of Tibolone Tablets once a day after 4 months of treatment. Any cases of dysmenorrheal chronic pelvic pain, menstruation and any adverse reactions of patients were recorded once a month during the preoperative and postoperative periods and once every 3 months during the follow-up period. During the preoperative, postoperative and the follow-up periods, patients underwent type B ultrasonography of the pelvis and measurements of serum CA125 levels, gynecologic examination, routine evaluations of blood, urine, hepatic function (glutamate pyruvate transaminase), renal function (blood urea nitrogen) and electrocardiograms. During the follow-up period they underwent type B pelvic ultrasonography, measurement of serum CA125 levels and further gynecologic examinations. The two treatments were compared for clinical recurrence rates, pregnancy rates and the incidence of adverse reactions.

RESULTSThe incidence and timing of recurrence of endometriosis were not significantly different between the two groups. The first pregnancy achieved by the patient in the CM group was significantly earlier than that in the WM group (P <0.05). Moreover, the incidence of adverse reactions in the WM group was significantly higher than in the CM group (P <0.01).

CONCLUSIONSTreatment with Chinese herbal medicines prevented the recurrence of endometriosis after a conservative operation, improved the conception rate and showed fewer and lighter adverse reactions than did treatment with WM therapy. Treatment with Chinese herbal medicine meets the need of patients wishing to have a child following endometriosis and is an appropriate form of clinical treatment.

Adult ; Demography ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Endometriosis ; drug therapy ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Pelvis ; surgery ; Pregnancy ; Recurrence