Objective To develop an assay method for quantitative analysis of cocaine in rat's serum by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Method Serum samples (30?l) were extracted with 2% isoamyl alcohol and hexane. The organic phase was extracted with 0.1 mol/L HC1. The quantitative analysis was achieved by using a 5?m reversed-phase Kromasil CIS column with mobile phase of 0.04mol/ L phosphate buffer solution (containing 0.26 mmol/L tetrabutylammonium chloride , pH3.2) - acetonitrile (83:17). The wave length of the ultraviolet detection was performed at 235nm. Results The lowest limit of the detection limit was 25ng/ml. The recovery of the cocaine was 71 %. Conclusion The method is sensitive, simple and easy to perform.

Objective To investigate the effects of Celecoxib,a selective COX-2 inhibitor,on the healing of gastric ulcer in rats,and reveal the rale of ERK signal transduction pathway in the mechanism of delaying the healing of gastric ulcer.Methods Forty-eight rats were randomly divided into model group(n=40) and sham operation group(n=8).In the rats in model group acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer was reproduced,while in sham operation group,rats underwent the sham procedure.Eight rats in sham-operation group and eight rats in model group were euthanized three days after the procedure.The other thirty-two rats in model group were divided into two subgroups including Celecoxib group and NS group(n=16).Three days after the procedure,rats in Celecoxib group received a gavage of 0.2% Celecoxib solution,and those in NS group received equal amount of 0.9% NaCl solution.Rats in Celecoxib group and NS group were euthanized on sixth and ninth day after ulcer induction(8 rats at each time point in each group).The effects of Celecoxib on the healing of gastric ulcer were observed.Its effects on the activity of Raf-1 and ERK1/2,and the expression level of two transcription factors c-Fos and c-Jun were also determined by Western blot analysis.Results Nine days after ulcer induction,the ulcer area was 11.9?3.1mm2 and 19.7?3.8mm2 in NS group and Celecoxib group,respectively,and they were much smaller than those on third day(P

ObjectiveTo evaluate the theoretical knowledge level of Chinese students majoring in stomatology based on the problem-based learning (PBL).MethodsThe Cochrane reviewer's handbook was followed by.Domestic published articles from 1989 -2010 were selected by computer and handwork.All these retrieved studies were controlled clinical trials related to oral theoretical education and were conducted by PBL and the traditional teaching methods.The quality of included studies was critically evaluated and the data were analyzed by the RevMan 5.0.1 software.ResultsA total of 138 articles were selected,but only 8 were included.Significant differences were found when the data were pooled(P ＜ 0.01,I2 =80％ ) and random effect model was used for meta-analysis.The results showed that comparing with the traditional teaching methods,PBL can improve the theoretical score of dental students [ MD 5.39,95％ CI(2.20,8.58)],and sensitivity analysis showed that the result was stable.ConclusionPBL can improve the theoretical score of Chinese students majoring in stomatology.However,as part of the studies are not high quality literature,the above conclusion needs to be verified by more large sample-sized,rigorously designed randomized controlled clinical trials.

AIM: To investigate the inhibition of the recombinant human endostatin adenavirus (Ad-Es) on the experimental choroidal neovascularization(CNV) models by intravitreous injection.METHODS: Experimental CNV models were induced by semiconductor laser in 30 male Brown Norway(BN) rats and randomly divided into 3 groups with 10 rats in each group.At 21d after photocoagulation, the single administration group were given intravitreous injection with Ad-Es 0.01mL;the repeated administration group were given intravitreous injection with Ad-Es 0.01mL and a repeated injection 7d later;the saline control group were given intravitreous injection with saline 0.01mL.At 7d after final administration, the leakage of fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) was observed.Various CNV areas were measured by using laser confocal microscopy of choroidal flatmount method.Pathology and ultrastructure were observed with light microscopy, the expressions of CD105 were measured by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: The leakage of CNV of the administration group abviously decreased as compared with those in the saline group, the leakage of repeated administration group decreased compared with that of single administration group (P<0.05).Laser confocal microscope quantitative CNV analysis showed that CNV area of the administration group was significantly smaller than that of control group, the area of repeated administration group was smaller than that of single administration group (P<0.05).Under the light microscope, the vascular endothelial cell number and quantity of the administration group were significantly lower than that of the control group, the cell number of repeated administration group was lower than that of single administration group.CD105 expression of the administration group was significantly weaker than that in the saline group;the expression of repeated administration group was weaker than that of single administration group.CONCLUSION: Ad-Es can effectively inhibit semiconductor laser induced CNV in BN rats, and the inhibition effect of repeated administration group is better than that of single administration group.It may be a useful new method in the treatment of CNV.

Objective:To explore the correlation between the characteristics of contrast-enhanced sonography of intraoperative glioblastoma multiform (GBM) and molecular markers of isocitrate dehydrogenase-1(IDH1).Methods:A retrospective analysis were performed in 30 patients who underwent neurosurgery and pathologically confirmed to be GBM at Beijing Tiantan Hospital from May 2018 to April 2019. All neurosurgical glioblastoma patients after craniotomy underwent conventional ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) guided navigation. The characteristics of the ultrasound imaging (whether the tumor involves the structure of the corpus callosum, the clarity of the tumor boundary after enhanced ultrasound and whether the tumor has necrotic areas with enhanced ultrasound images) were analyzed. The ratio between tumor necrosis area and whole tumor area (N/W) was measured, and the correlation with IDH1 gene expression was analyzed.Results:There were statistical differences in clarity of tumor boundary after CEUS and tumor necrosis after CEUS between positive IDH1 and negative IDH1 groups(all P<0.05). The positive expression of IDH1 was negatively correlated with the N/W area of the contrast-enhanced ultrasound mode( r=-0.756, P<0.05), suggesting that the expression level of IDH1 gene was negatively correlated with the area of tumor necrosis. Conclusions:Ultrasound contrast agent examination can more accurately distinguish the active proliferation area, hemorrhagic necrosis area and peripheral edema area of glioblastoma. Accurately identifying the extent of tumor necrosis area through ultrasound contrast agent examination can predict expression of IDH1.

Objective To validate the Partin table 1997,2001 and 2007 for their accuracy in predicting pathologic stage in Chinese prostate cancer patients.Methods From January 1997 to June 2007,109 consecutive patients with clinically localized prostate carcinoma underwent open retropubic or laparoscopic radical prostatectomies and met all inclusion criteria well enrolled.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)analysis was performed tO test the predictive accuracy of organ confined disease (0CD),extraprostatic extension(EPE),seminal vesicle involvement(SVI)and lymph node involvement(LNI). Results OCD,EPE,SVl and LNl were noted in 70%,17%,13%and 0%of cases respectively.The area under curve(AUC)of ROC for Partin table 1997 was 0.727,0.654 and 0.811for 0CD.EPE and SVl respectively,and was 0.693,0.633 and 0.835 for Partin table 2001 and 0.669.0.611 and 0.778 for Partin table 2007.Conclusions Partin tables 1997,2001 and 2007 are able to accurately predict the pathologic feature of seminal vesicle involvement.However,only Partin table 1997 can more accurately predict organ confined disease in this external validation for Chinese patients.

This paper summarizes the intraoperative care of 9 ovarian cancer patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery combined with intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion chemotherapy.During the operation,strict aseptic procedure,protection and isolation of normal organs were emphasized to prevent postoperative infections and diffusion of cancer cells.During intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion chemotherapy,the nursing care focused on tube management to maintain unobstructed and fluid volume,prevention of fluid leakage,skin care and prevention of pressure induced injuries.

Objective Pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 ( PDX-1) plays an important role in the occurrence and development of diabetes.More importantly,its potential application in insulin resistance (IR) improvement is attracting further attention .Berberine has been shown to improve glucose metabolism and insulin resistance .In this study,rat models of type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM) were established by combination of intraperitoneal injection of low -dose streptozotocin and highg-lucose-high-fat diet induction .The effect of berberine on fasting glucose , fasting serum insulin , homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance ( HOMAI-R) , and ex-pression of PDX -1 of islet in T2DM rats were analyzed .The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-diabetic efficacy of berberine and study the mechanism of its preliminary therapeutic effects .Methods Twenty healthy adult male Sprague Dawley ( SD) rats were di-vided by random number table into the normal control group ( n =6) feeding with a standard diet ,and the experimental group ( n =14 ) given an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin .The rats with fasting blood glucose ( FBG) greater than 13.8 mmol/L were ran-domly divided into diabetes mellitus group feeding high sugar high fat diet for two weeks and then continuing with a standard diet , and the berberine group given berberine [180 mg /(kg· d)] every day.The normal control group and diabetes mellitus group were given physiological saline for every day 6 weeks.At the end of 6th week, the rats were executed , and the levels of fasting glucose, fasting se-rum insulin, HOMA-IR, and expression of PDX-1 in pancreas islet of each group were detected .The expression of PDX1-in pancreas islet was examined by immunohistochemistry .The image pro plus 6.0software was used to calculate the integrated optical density ( IOD) of positive expression .Results Compared with the normal control group , FBG, fasting insulin levels ( FINS) , and HOMA-IR of the diabetes mellitus group and berberine group were significantly increased ( P <0.05 ) .Compared with the diabetes mellitus group, FBG, FINS, and HOMA-IR of the berberine group were statistically significantly decreased [ ( 13.11 ±6.87 ) mmol/L vs (18.45 ±4.69) mmol L/, (2.58 ±0.34) μIU/ml vs (2.98 ±0.40) μIU/ml, 1.60 ±0.91 vs 2.75 ±0.28, P <0.05].Compared with the normal control group , the expression of PDX-1 of the islet in the diabetes mellitus group and berberine group was statistically significantly decreased ( P <0.05).After treatment with berberine, FBG, FINS, HOMA-IR, and IOD of PDX-1 in pancreas islet of berberine treatment rats were significantly increased compared with the diabetes mellitus group ( 9.14 ±1.51 vs 6.79 ±0.98 , P <0.01 ) .Conclusions The increases of PDX-1 in islet may be one of the mechanism in the improvement of hyperglycemia .

Objective To investigate the expression changes of histidine decarboxylase(HDC)and H+,K+-ATPase in gastric mucosa during the healing of experimental gastric ulcer in rats.Methods The ulcers were caused by applying acetic acid to the serosal surface of the anterior face of the rat gastric body.At different time points during ulcer healing,HDC and H+,K+-ATPase mRNA and protein expressions were studied by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot respectively.Results An ulcer crater developed on the anterior face of the gastric body on day 1 after the induction of ulcers,and the ulcer area was biggest on day 3.On day 12,most of the gastric ulcers had healed.Compared with the control group,the HDC and H+,K+-ATPase mRNA expression in the gastric mucosa of ulcer rats showed a decrease on day 1,and increased back to initial level on day 9.The protein expression of HDC and H+,K+-ATPase in gastric mucosa of ulcer rats decreased immediately on day 1,more on day 6,and returned to the initial levels on day 12.Conclusion The mRNA and protein expressions of HDC and H+,K+-ATPase decrease in the healing process of gastric ulcers,resulting in accelerated ulcer healing through inhibiting gastric acid secretion.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of transcranial color duplex sonography for vertebrobasilar arterial insufficiency (VBI). Methods Transcranial color duplex sonography was performed on 30 healthy controls and 30 VBI patients confirmed clinically to examine the flow velocities and wave form parameters of the main supra and infra tentorial basal cerebral arteries. The anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral arteries on either side of the cranium and the vertebrobasilar system were observed using a 2.0 MHz transducer of a computed sonographic system. Results The vertebral artery system resistance index and pulsitive index were significantly higher in VBI patients than those in the controls ( P