AIM:To study the sedation, diuresis and anticoagulation effects of Ji-Ming-San (JMS) in animal models for exploring the circadian variations of the dosing action and verifying the rationality of administering JMS on special time. METHODS: The sedation effect and circadian difference were determined by observing the time session of ambulation, raising double-forefoot test and autonomic activity of model mice. The diuretic effect and the circadian variation in rats were examined by metabolic cage test while the anticoagulation and the circadian change were observed by glass test. RESULTS: JMS produced significant sedation effect by reducing time session of ambulation, raising upper limbs frequencies/time and autonomic activity and the built-in rhythm with autonomic activity disappeared after JMS administration. JMS had satisfactory diuretic effect and total urinary output in water-loaded rats was increased after dosing. The diuretic effect of dosing showed a circadian rhythm with more significant output during the night than that during the daytime. Also, JMS prolonged the clotting time significantly and the action exhibited circadian difference. As compared with administration at the night, the clotting time was more prolonged at the daytime. CONCLUSION: JMS can produce obvious sedation, diuresis and anticoagulation effects with varied circadian rhythm. The findings suggest that the effect of administering JMS is better at the end of rest phase than other time session.

AIM:To observe effects of Jiming Powder(Semen arecae,Pericarpium citri reticulatae,Fructus Chaenomelis,Fructus Evodiae,Folium Perillae,Radix Platycodonis,and Rhizoma Zingiberis recens) on anticoagulation and hemorheology and on the circadian variations in order to verify the rational practice of timing administering the drug by our ancestors. METHODS:The effect of Jiming Powder on clotting time(CT) was observed by using glass-tube method in mice. Quick test was used to determine the prothrombin time(PT) and circadian variations in rats. The experimental animal models of blood stasis syndrome were prepared by subcutaneous injection of adrenaline in combination with ice water bath for observing the effect of Jiming Powder on hemorheology in such types of animals,and the maximum rate of platelet aggregation was determined by method of Born turbidimetry. RESULTS:Jiming Powder could significantly delay CT and PT characteristic of circadian rhythm. As compared with the administration at daytime,CT and PT were greatly prolonged during the night. Besides,the hemorheological parameters were improved markedly in blood,plasma and fibrinogen viscosity,which suggested that the drug administration was more effective during the night than daytime. Also,the findings showed that Jiming Powder could prevent platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate. CONCLUSION:Jiming Powder plays a role in anticoagulation and improves the indication of hemorhelogy in the blood-stasis rats model,showing dosing time-dependent.

AIM: Recombinant adenovirus possesses high transfection efficiency and wide host range. This study was designed to construct the recombinant adenovirus vector containing human vascular endothelial growth factor 165 (VEGF165), so as to lay a foundation for the subsequent gene transfection, microencapsulated genetically engineered cells and animal experiments. METHODS: The experiment was conducted in the Laboratory of Cardiothoracic Surgery (the National Key Laboratory), Changhai Hospital of The Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from January to May in 2007. Experiment materials: pAxCAwt.VEGF165 was provided by Institute of Cardiothoracic Surgery of Changhai Hospital. pAxCAwt.VEGF165 and DNA-TPC were cotransfected into human embryonic kidney 293 cells by lipofection method. Being propagated, recombinant replication-deficient adenovirus named Ad.VEGF165 was obtained. The target gene of recombinant adenovirus was identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction enzyme digestion. The titer of virus was detected by 50% tissue culture infective dose method. RESULTS: Construction of recombinant adenovirus Ad.VEGF165: The pAxCAwt.VEGF165 and DNA-TPC were successfully cotransfected into human embryonic kidney 293 cells by lipofection method, and replication-deficient adenovirus vectors coding for VEGF165 gene were generated. Identification of recombinant adenovirus Ad.VEGF165: Two fragments of PCR products (597 bp and 146 bp) were obtained by NcoI restriction enzyme. The result was consistent with that calculated with Gene Tool software. The virus titers was 2.2?1015 pfu/L. CONCLUSION: DNA-TPC and pAxCAwt.VEGF165 can be used to construct replication-deficient recombinant adenovirus Ad.VEGF165 in a high titer, low toxicity, high efficiency and safe transfection in vitro.

Background Orbital fracture in children has its own characteristics.Choosing the suitable plastic materials is the effective measurement to improve the successful rate of surgery.Absorbable plate filling provides a new material for children with orbital fracture.However,few studies compare the effectivity and safety between absorbable plate filling and conventional filling.Objective The aim of this study was to compare the longterm efficacy and safety between absorbable plate and Medpor implants in the repair of pediatric orbital fracture.Methods Clinical data of 72 eyes of 72 pediatric patients with orbital fracture who received surgicals reconstruction in Beijing Tongren Eye Center from 2008 April to 2014 August were respectively analyzed,including 28 patients with absorbable plates filling and 44 patients with Medpor implants.Demography and preoperative clinical signs were matched between the two groups.Operative procedure was same except the implanted materials.The functional training of extraocular muscle was performed since the second day after surgery in both groups.The imaging findings of the orbit were evaluated by computed tomography (CT) before and after surgery.The patients were followed-up for avarage 12.7 months after operation.The therapeutic effectiveness and safety were compared between the different implants,such as incidence of enophthalmos,extraocular movement impairment and diplopia,and the sensory deficit of skin and complications were documented.Results Extraocular muscle movement improved and diplopia alleviated or disappeared in 92.9％ (26/28) in the absorbable plate group and 90.9％ (40/44) in the Medporgroup,without significant difference between the two groups (P=0.57).The sensory deficit of skin was found in 13 eyes (46.4％) and 20 eyes (45.5％ in the absorbable plate group and Medpor group,respectively,and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P =0.56).CT revealed that the anatomical reconstruction of orbits could be achieved in all patients in both groups without the shifting of implants and extrusion.No enophthalmos and postoperative infection were found in absorbable plate group,however,the residual enophthalmos or late infection was found in I eye for each in the Medpor group.Conclusions Both the absorbable plate and Medpor implants show good results for reconstruction of pediatric orbital fracture.Absorbable plate is an ideal material for pediatric orbital blowout fracture because of fewer postoperative complications.

No abstract available.
Sparganosis*

This study was performed to investigate the rate of occurrence of neonatal birthmarks and their clinical features. From October 1982 to September l983, 1,035 newborn babies were examined in the Keimyung University Dongsan Medical center and the results were summarized as follows. The main nevi in the newborn were salmon patch (28 9%), portwine stain (0.3%), strawberry mark (0.4%), pigmented lesions (1.0%) and mongolian spot (81. 2%). The salmon patch was present most frequently on the nape but no particular predilection sites were noted in portwine stain, strawberry mark and pigmented lesions. The mongolian spot developed on the sacral portion, buttocks and lower back, in decreasing order.
Buttocks ; Fragaria ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Mongolian Spot ; Nevus ; Salmon

Malacoplakia is a rare granulomatous inflammatory disease, which most frequently involves the urinary tract and especially the urinary bladder. The prostatic involvement of malacoplakia is rare and only two cases have been reported in the Korean literature. Malacoplakia of the prostate may clinically mimic prostate cancer or chronic prostatitis. We report a case of malacoplakia of the prostate in a 71-year-old man, which was initially misdiagnosed as prostate cancer or prostatitis.
Aged ; Humans ; Malacoplakia* ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Prostatitis ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Tract

Epidural anesthesia for cesarean section requires sensory blockade up to T4 level. 18 to 20 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine, 1.5 to 2.0% lidocaine, or 3.0% chloropmcaine usually produces an adequate sensory blockade to T4 level. However, when we used that amount of local anesthetics, most of the patients often complained of mild to moderate pain or discomfort during delivery of baby, manipulation of peritoneum or the uterus. So we feeled the need of increase in dosage of local anesthetics and we used 26 ml of local anesthetics or local anesthetic-fentanyl mixture. This study was undertaken to measure plasma concentration of lidocaine and observe the possible systemic toxicity of local anesthetics with the total dosage of beyond maximum recom-mended dose. Epidural anesthesia were performed with a 17 gauge Tuohy needle and local anesthetics were injected as follows. Group 1 (n;17): 0.5% bupivacaine 100 mg+2% lidocaine 80 mg+fentanyl 100 ug (50 ug/ml) Group 2 (n; 15): 2% lidocaine 520 mg without epinephrine Group 3 (n; ll): 2% lidocaine 480 mg + fentanyl 100 ug All groups were received 26 ml of local anesthetics or local anesthetic-fentanyl mixture. We checked the level of anesthesia, length of spinal column, cardiovascular changes, plasma concen- tration of lidocaine, toxic systemic reactions and patient's complaints. The plasma concentration of lidocaine were measured by immunofluorescence assay at 2, 5, 7, 10, 12 and 15 minutes after injection of local anesthetics. The results were as follows; 1) The peak plasma concentration of lidocaine were measured 12 minutes after administration of local anesthetics in the group 2 and 3. 2) Sensory blockade up to T4 level could be accomplished within 10 minutes after epidural anesthesia in the group l. 3) In the group 2 and 3, onset of action was more rapid. These groups had a tendency to fall in blood pressure than the group 1, but recovered soon with small dose of ephedrine. 4) In one patient, maximum peak plasma concentration of hdocaine was 6.8 ug/ml, but no adversereaction was observed. Above results suggested that 26 ml of local anesthetics in all groups could be used for appropriate anesthesia for cesarean section with minimal camplications and patient's satisfaction.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Epidural* ; Anesthetics, Local* ; Blood Pressure ; Bupivacaine ; Cesarean Section* ; Ephedrine ; Epinephrine ; Female ; Fentanyl ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Lidocaine ; Needles ; Peritoneum ; Plasma* ; Pregnancy ; Spine ; Uterus

Epidural anesthesia for cesarean section requires sensory blockade up to T4 level. 18 to 20 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine, 1.5 to 2.0% lidocaine, or 3.0% chloropmcaine usually produces an adequate sensory blockade to T4 level. However, when we used that amount of local anesthetics, most of the patients often complained of mild to moderate pain or discomfort during delivery of baby, manipulation of peritoneum or the uterus. So we feeled the need of increase in dosage of local anesthetics and we used 26 ml of local anesthetics or local anesthetic-fentanyl mixture. This study was undertaken to measure plasma concentration of lidocaine and observe the possible systemic toxicity of local anesthetics with the total dosage of beyond maximum recom-mended dose. Epidural anesthesia were performed with a 17 gauge Tuohy needle and local anesthetics were injected as follows. Group 1 (n;17): 0.5% bupivacaine 100 mg+2% lidocaine 80 mg+fentanyl 100 ug (50 ug/ml) Group 2 (n; 15): 2% lidocaine 520 mg without epinephrine Group 3 (n; ll): 2% lidocaine 480 mg + fentanyl 100 ug All groups were received 26 ml of local anesthetics or local anesthetic-fentanyl mixture. We checked the level of anesthesia, length of spinal column, cardiovascular changes, plasma concen- tration of lidocaine, toxic systemic reactions and patient's complaints. The plasma concentration of lidocaine were measured by immunofluorescence assay at 2, 5, 7, 10, 12 and 15 minutes after injection of local anesthetics. The results were as follows; 1) The peak plasma concentration of lidocaine were measured 12 minutes after administration of local anesthetics in the group 2 and 3. 2) Sensory blockade up to T4 level could be accomplished within 10 minutes after epidural anesthesia in the group l. 3) In the group 2 and 3, onset of action was more rapid. These groups had a tendency to fall in blood pressure than the group 1, but recovered soon with small dose of ephedrine. 4) In one patient, maximum peak plasma concentration of hdocaine was 6.8 ug/ml, but no adversereaction was observed. Above results suggested that 26 ml of local anesthetics in all groups could be used for appropriate anesthesia for cesarean section with minimal camplications and patient's satisfaction.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Epidural* ; Anesthetics, Local* ; Blood Pressure ; Bupivacaine ; Cesarean Section* ; Ephedrine ; Epinephrine ; Female ; Fentanyl ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Lidocaine ; Needles ; Peritoneum ; Plasma* ; Pregnancy ; Spine ; Uterus

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Traditionally, down beat nystagmus is regarded as a sign of central nervous system dysfunction. But, several years has passed since Herdman et al reported the down beat nystagmus developed during treatment maneuvers for posterior semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo(BPPV). We undertook this study to evaluate the character and clinical analysis of the positional or positioning down beat nystagmus, to discuss the clinical significance of positional or positioning down beat nystagmus as a diagnostic criteria of superior semicircular canal BPPV, and to propose the new treatment method. MATERIALS AND METHOD:From November 1999 to March 2004, we sampled the 103 patients with positional or positioning down beat nystagmus. Of these patients, we selected 16 patients except for the patients with central nervous system dysfunction, nonspecific or artifact result, idiopathic origin. RESULTS:All of 16 patients had no sign and radiologic result of central nervous system disorder. 10 patients was reported or suspected the diagnosis of posterior semicircular canal BPPV. Fatigability was reported in 9 patients and reversibility was reported in 1 patient. Average latency was checked less than 2 seconds. CONCLUSION:Although the diagnostic criteria of superior semicircular canal BPPV that we reported was not controversial, we expect that this criteria is useful in diagnosis for patients with atypical positional or positioning down beat nystagmus. And the new treatment method that we reported will has the better results than previous method.
Artifacts ; Central Nervous System ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Semicircular Canals ; Vertigo*