Objective To explore the inhibiting effects of arsenic trioxide and cisplatin on MG-63 cells. Methods Using MTT assay,flowcytometry,phase contrast microscopy and electron microscopy methods,the therapeutic effect of arsenic trioxide was studied for the osteosarcoma in the cultured MG-63 cells in vitro,and compared these effects with cisplatin. The inhibitory rotes of cell growth and the effect of apoptosis and cell cycle were compared between arsenic trioxide and cisplatin on MG-63 cells. Results The contrast phase microscope revealed the adhesion ability of normal groups was good and cellular morphology showed epithelium cells. But the celhdar morphology showed irregular arrangement in arsenic trioxide groups and cytoplasmic vacuoles in cisplatin group. Electron microscope revealed the globular plasmalemma ecphymas in cell surface of control groups,the enlarged crista mitochondriales and the double-deck membrane structure appeared clearly. But electron microscope revealed globular plasmalemma processes in cell surface of arsenic trioxide groups,thinned crista mitochondriales and clearly seen karyopycnosis and nuclear membrane of apoptotic cells. The globular plasmalemma processes in cell surface of cisplatin groups were separated,nuclear membrane thickened and chromatin were in sandy shape. Both arsenic trioxide and cisplatin inhibited effectively MG-63 cells growth. There was a significant difference in different groups of inhibition ratios to the growth of cells(all P < 0.05). In 2,4,8,16,32,64,128 hours,the inhibition ratios(%) of arsenic trioxide(56.31±0.03,70.00±0.06,79.84±0.03,87.31±0.13,84.70±0.09,90.68±0.06,91.18±0.05) and cisplatin groups(7.55±0.15,15.70±0.17,30.72±0.07,49.80±0.05,45.11± 0.13,61.62±0.08,93.80±0.12) were obviously increased as compared with those in the control group(2.03± 0.07,2.78±0.08,3.11±0.01,5.67±0.04,12.23±0.04,18.65±0.04,24.45±0.04,all P < 0.05). Moreover the inhibition ratio of arsenic trioxide group in 2 to 32 hour was significantly higher than that of cisplatin group and the effect was more faster(all P < 0.05). Both arsenic trioxide and cisplatin could induce apoptosis MG-63 cells. There was a significant difference in different groups of the inhibition ratio to the growth of cells(F = 13.317,P < 0.05). The inhibition ratios(%) of arsenic trioxide on 24,36,48 hour(20.50±3.78,45.76±9.90,25.16±15.41),and cisplatin groups on 24,36,48 hour(12.55±1.51,18.85±3.40,12.37±5.43),were obviously increased as compared with those in the control group at the same time(6.57±1.48,8.03±2.08,6.54±1.30,P< 0.05 or<0.01). Both arsenic trioxide and cisplatin inhibited MG-63 cells cycle. There was a significant difference in different groups of the inhibition ratio to the growth of cells(F = 54.579,43.429,21.795,P < 0.05 or < 0.01). And the total inhibition ratios(%) in G1 cycle of arsenic trioxide(78.26±5.24) and cisplatin groups(80.48±2.81) were obviously increased as compared with those in the control group(57.49±6.65,all P < 0.05 or < 0.01). Conclusions Arsenic trioxide and cisplatin can effectively inhibit the proliferation of MG-63 cell line and induce the apoptosis of MG-63 cell line. And the effects induced by arsenic trioxide group were faster than that of cisplatin groups. Moreover arsenic trioxide can arrest the cell cycle of MG-63 cell line at G1 phase.

Objective: To study diagnostic and predictive value of levels of high sensitive C reactive protein (hsCRP) and cystatin C (CysC) for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in aged patients.Methods: A total of 60 ACS patients (ACS group) treated in our hospital and 60 healthy subjects (healthy control group) undergoing physical examination during Dec 2013 to Sep 2015 were randomly selected.Serum levels of hsCRP and CysC, and abnormal rates of hsCRP and CysC were measured and compared between two groups.Results: Compared with healthy control group, there were significant rise in serum levels of hsCRP[(3.02±1.13) mg/L vs.(7.95±2.38) mg/L]and CysC[(0.75±0.11) μg/ml vs.(1.35±0.43) μg/ml], and abnormal rates of hsCRP (0 vs.13.33%) and CysC (0 vs.11.67%) in ACS group, P<0.01 all.Conclusion: Serum hsCRP and CysC level measurements can effectively predict and assess occurrence, development and prognosis of disease in ACS patients, and provide clinical valid evidence for its diagnosis, prevention and treatment.

Objective:To analyze the relationship among smoking, levels of homocysteine (Hcy), cystatin C (CysC), C reactive protein (CRP) and coronary heart disease (CHD) onset in young people.Methods:A total of 152 patients, who received selective coronary angiography because of chest pain in our hospital, were enrolled, and all subjects were <45 years old.According to examination results, they were divided into CHD group (n=100) and non-CHD group (n=52).Clinical data were analyzed in both groups, and Logistic multi-factor regression analysis was used to analyze independent risk factors for CHD in young people.Results:Compared with non-CHD group, there were significant rise in percentages of men (30.8% vs.65.0%), smoking (46.1% vs.68.0%) and hypertension (34.6% vs.51.0%), levels of CysC[(0.85±0.16) mg/L vs.(1.34±0.28) mg/L], CRP [(1.26±0.85) mg/L vs.(6.93±0.85) mg/L] and Hcy[(7.16±1.16) mol/L vs.(20.85±2.16) mol/L],P<0.05 or <0.01;multi-factor Logistic regression analysis indicated that male, hypertension, smoking, Hcy, CysC and CRP were risk factors for CHD in young people (OR=1.34~3.42, P<0.05 or <0.01).Conclusion:Male, smoking, total cholesterol, homocysteine, Cys C and C reactive protein are risk factors for CHD in young people.Therefore, these risk factors should be eliminated, or its risk should be reduced.

Recently traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-induced liver injury has been an unresolved critical issue which impacts TCM clinical safety. The premise and key step to reduce or avoid drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is to identify the drug source of liver injury in early stage. Then the timely withdrawal of drug and treatment can be done. However, the current diagnosis of DILI is primarily governed by exclusive method relying on administering history supplied by patients and experience judgment from doctors, which lacks objective and reliable diagnostic indices. It is obvious that diagnosis of TCM-induced liver injury is especially difficult due to the complicated composition of TCM medication, as well the frequent combination of Chinese and Western drugs in clinic. In this paper, we proposed construction of research pattern and method for objective identification of TCM-related DILI based on translational toxicology, which utilizes clinical specimen to find specific biomarkers and characteristic blood-entering constituents, as well the clinical biochemistry and liver biopsy. With integration of diagnosis marker database, bibliographic database, medical record database and clinical specimen database, an integrative diagnosis database for TCM-related DILI can be established, which would make a transformation of clinical identification pattern for TCM-induced liver injury from subjective and exclusive to objective and index-supporting mode. This would be helpful to improve rational uses of TCM and promote sustainable development of TCM industry.
Animals ; Biomarkers, Pharmacological ; metabolism ; Biopsy ; methods ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Liver ; drug effects ; pathology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; adverse effects ; Rats

Background Retinal development continues during the early postnatal period in mammals.Correct arrangement of layers and precise location of various cells in the retina are vital for forming normal visual function during critical period plasticity.Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT)provides highquality in vivo retinal imaging and the possibility to measure retinal thickness longitudinally. Objective The present study was to investigate the changes of retinal thickness during critical period plasticity in rats. Methods In vivo consecutive scanning of retinal image was performed in 10 SPF Sprague-Dawley rats at postnatal day 14(P14),P18,P21,P24 and P42 with SD-OCT,and retinal histopathological examination was used to detect retinal morphologic changes at the same postnatal ages in 20 matched rats.The whole retinal thickness,the thickness from inner limiting membrane(ILM)to inner plexiform layer(IPL),the thickness of inner nuclear layer(INL)and the thickness from outer nuclear layer(ONL)to retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)were measured using Cirrus HD-OCT system and HMIAS-2000 Imaging System in retinal sections.The measurement parameters by Cirrus HD-OCT and those by hematoxylin-eosin staining were compared.The use of animals followed the Statement of National Institute of Health (USA). Results In vivo high-resolution images of rat retinas with SD-OCT compared well with histology,which enabled quantitative comparison of the SD-OCT and histological data during critical period plasticity in rats.From P14 to P42,the retinal thickness gradually decreased with the increase of rat ages(F=15.425,P=0.000),and so were the thickness from ILM to IPL,the thickness of INL and the thickness from ONL to RPE(F=3.973,P=0.007;F=17.529,P=0.000;F=7.038,P=0.000).The retinal thickness,thickness of INL.thickness from ONL to RPE measured by Cirrus HD-OCT were significantly correlated with those measured by retinal sections among P14,P18,P21,P24 and P42 rats(r=0.794,P=0.000;r=0.784,P=0.000;r=0.681,P=0.000). Conclusion SD-OCT is a demonstratably valuable technology to study the structure of retinas in rats.The retinal thickness is shown to reduce in thickness throughout the development of the retina during critical period plasticity due to the decrease in thickness of INL and the distance from the ONL to RPE,as illustrated by OCT scanning.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) printed left atrial appendage (LAA) models based on 3D transesophageal echocardiography (3D-TEE) data and the application value for treating special anatomic LAA.Methods Data of 18 patients of atrial fibrillation who were underwent LAA occlusion were retrospectively analyzed,including 3D-TEE and CT volume data of the patients.The 3D-TEE data of the LAA were post-processed and a flexible material was used to print the LAA model by 3D printer.The morphological classification and lobulated classifications of LAAs were assessed by the 3D printed models.The measurements of long axis,short axis and depth of LAAs were also performed.And the measurement and classification results were compared with those based on 3D-TEE and CT volume images.A occluder release test was performed on the 3D printed models for patients with challenging LAA morphology.Results For all 18 patients,3D-TEE full volume data of the LAA were successfully reprocessed and printed as 3D LAA models.The consistency of morphological classifications and lobulated classifications of LAAs based on 3D printed models and cardiac CT were 0.92 and 0.83,respectively.No significant differences of LAA ostium dimensions (long axis and short axis) and depth were found between the measurement results based on 3D printed models and 3D-TEE (all P＞0.05).A simulation of LAA occlusion rehearsal was successfully performed on 3D models of two challenging cases.Conclusion The echocardiographic 3D printing technique has high feasibility and accuracy,and can be promising for personalized planning in cases of transcatheter special morphological LAA occlusion.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the usefulness of speckle tracking imaging(STI) for assessment of systemic right ventricle (RV) function in patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction(MI) and the changes 7 days after percutaneous coronary interventions(PCI).MethodsTwo-dimensional imaging at the four chamber view was obtained with tracing of the entire RV endocardial border in 44 patients with acute inferior MI and 50 healthy volunteers.Peak longitudinal systolic strain and strain rate (S,SR)in six RV segment included the basal,mid,and apical segments of the RV free wall and septum.And thirty patients reexamined 7 days after PCI.ResultsThe S values in the base and mid segmental of RV free wall and all segments of right septum were significantly lower in patients with acute inferior MI( P ＜0.05).But the SR values only decreased in mid segment of right septum.Except the apical parts of RV free wall and right septum,the S values of others segmental were significantly improved( P ＜0.05) 7 days after PCI.But the SR values had no changes( P ＞0.05).ConclusionsSTI is a new and useful technology for assessment of RV function in acute inferior MI and the RV function can be improved by emergency PCI.

Objective To study the effect of fluoride on the expression of bcl-2 and Bax in chondrocyte in vitro, and investigate the mechanism of action of chondrocyte apoptosis induced by fluoride. Methods Articular chondrocytes of neonate rat were cultured in vitro and treated with 0(control),5,20,40 mg/L of fluoride,respectively, for 10 days. Then observed the u]trastructure of chondrocytes under eletronicmicroscope, and tested the expression of bcl-2 and Bax in chondrocyte in different groups by Western blotting. Results Abundant rough endoplasmic reticulums (RERs) and complete structure of mitochondria membranes were presented in globular chondrocytes in the control group and 5 mg/L group; but more lipid droplets and vacuoles were seen in the cytoplasm, and the structure of intracellular membranes became incomplete, and some shrieked chromatin and pyknosis were seen in the chondrocytes of the 20,40 mg/L groups. The expression of bcl-2 markedly decreased in 20 mg/L group(0.626 ± 0.042) and 40 mg/L group(0.531± 0.039) compared to the control group(0.876 ± 0.035,all P ＜ 0.01 ). And the expression of Bax significantly increased in 20 mg/L group(0.966 ± 0.047) and 40 mg/Lgroup ( 1 .289 ± 0.156) compared to the control group(0.642 ± 0.050, all P ＜ 0.01). But there was no statistical significant difference of the expression of bcl-2 or Bax between 5 mg/L group(0.885 ± 0.065,0.657 ± 0.045) and control group (all P ＞ 0.05 ). However there were statistical differences of expressions of bcl-2 and Bax between 20 and 40 mg/L groups(all P ＜ 0.01 ). Conclusions Twenty and 40 mg/L fluoride can cause damage to the ultrastructure of chondrocyte, and fluoride possibly promotes chondrocyte apoptosis by reducing the expression of antiapoptotic factor bcl-2 and increasing the expression of Bax.

Objective To learn the prevalence and trends of Brucella disease in Ningxia, in order to provide scientific basis for effective control of the disease. Methods Data of Brucella cases reported through city network from 2004 to 2009 in Yinchuan city, Shizuishan city, Wuzhong city, Guyuan city and Zhongwei city of Ningxia were reviewed and retrospectively analyzed. The data included demographic characteristics, treatment conditions and medical history so on related information. Analytical indicators include reported incidence;with patients' gender, age, regional distribution, urban and rural distribution;become chronic and associated factors;distribution of the cases reporting unit and so on. Results From 2004 to 2009, Ningxia had reported 349 cases of Brucellosis, no deaths, the annual incidence rates reported were 0.017/10 million, 0.543/10 million, 0.151/101 (295/54);The proportion of 34- to 40-year-old age group was higher than other age groups(27.5%, 96/349);Occupational distribution of patients was mainly farmers and herdsmen(70.2% ,245/349), in regional distribution of the patients, the highest percentage was Wuzhong city(61.9%,216/349), followed by Yinchuan city(22.9%,80/349);The proportion of patients in rural areas(97.4% ,340/349) was higher than urban(2.6% ,9/349);the proportion of patients converted to chronic was 11.2% (39/349). With age, the chance of patients converted to chronic was in a decreasing trend(odds ratio was 0.966);cases reported by Centre for Disease Control and Prevention accounted for 74.8%(261/349), by hospital accounted for 25.2%(88/349). Conclusions The reported incidence of Brucellosis in Ningxia is in a rapid upward trend year by year, the patients is mainly young men, the rate of converted to chronic is higher and the ability of hospital in founding and reporting of the cases is weaker.Comprehensive measures should be taken to increase funding, strengthen monitoring, and continuously improve the level of awareness and diagnosis of medical personnel for further strengthen the prevention and control of Brucellosis.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for vancomycin-induced neutropenia adverse reactions/adverse events in clinical diagnosis. METHODS:With a case of children with neutropenia treated by long-course and large-dose vancomycin,PubMed and CNKI were retrieved to collect related literature and the literature was analyzed. RESULTS:Neutropenia may be associated with vancomycin,based on causality criterion of adverse reaction in China. CONCLUSIONS:Vancomycin-induced neutropenia in chil-dren is most likely associated with prolonged exposure induced by infusion,vancomycin dosage should be reduced or stopped,and routine blood and plasma concentration should be closely monitored.