Objective To investigate on blood group serology of crossmatching incompatibility of blood donors in clinical hospi‐tals in Nanchong from 2010 to 2014 .Methods According to blood group serological test ,direct antiglobulin test (DAT ) was used for blood specimen with crossmatching incompatibility where donor was suspected as the causes ,at the same time irregular antibody was screened and identified .Results Among 77 returned blood specimens ,positive DAT were found in 43 cases ;while irregular an‐tibodies were found in 18 cases ,with anti‐M and anti‐E as the major ,followed by anti‐Lea and anti‐P1;and 16 cases did not find ab‐normality .Conclusion Causes of crossmatching incompatibility of blood donors in clinical hospitals in Nanchong are mastered through the survey ,to improve the safety level of clinical blood transfusion and avoid the waste of the blood .

Taking Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Southwest University as an example,the paper states the deployment of m-health network,and puts forward several wireless network optimization schemes such as wireless environment optimization,channel capacity improvement,code efficiency increase and user access restriction through clinical business traffic monitoring and data analysis.Through the result,this scheme can improve the performance of the wireless network effectively.

BACKGROUND:The quantity and function reduction of circulating endothelial progenitor cells(CEPCs)indicate that vascular endothelial repair capacity reduces in hypertension patients,but the impact of statins on the CEPCs is still not very clear.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of atorvastatin calcium on endothelial cells and CEPCs in renovascular hypertensive rats.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:Randomized controlled animal experiment was performed in Chongqing Key Laboratory ofNeurology from June 2008 to Febmary 2009.MATERIALS:Totally 24 SD male rats of SPF grade,and atorvastatin calcium was produced by Lipitor,Pfizer Inc.with batch number of 65837003.METHODS:The renovascular hypertension was induced with 2-kindey and 1-clip method in 16 SD rats,which were then randomly divided into two groups:hypertensive group(n=8)and statins group(n=8).control group(n=8)underwent the same operation,without silver slip.At 4 weeks after model construction,statins group was treated with atorvastatin calcium MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:At 4 and 12 weeks of the experiment.three groups of rats were measured blood pressure and blood lipids;at 12 weeks,the thoracic aortic endothelial cells continuity was investigated through hematoxylin-eosin stain;the quantity,proliferation,adhesion and migration capacity of CEPCs were determined.RESULTS:At 4 and 12 weeks of the experiment,there was no significant differences in the systolic pressure between statins RESULTS:At 4 and 12 weeks of the experiment,there was no significant differences in the systolic pressure between statins group group and model group,which were dramatically high than control group(P＞0.01):the blood lipids in the statins group was not changed.In the model group,rat aortic endothelial cells were greatly damaged;the injury of CEPCs was dramatically relieved in the model group.Compared with statins group and control group,the number of CEPCs was significantly decreased,the capacities of proliferation,adhesion and migration were also significantly reduced in the model group(P＜0.01);moreover,statins group was inferior to control group in terms of these capacities.with significant differences among three groups(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION:Renovascular hypertensive rats thoracic aortic endothelial calls are severely damaged,CEPCs decline in the humber and function;atorvastatin calcium can increase the number of CEPCs and improve the function of CEPCs.

Objective To summarize the clinical experience of intracranial wide-necked aneurysms using intracranial stent technique or balloon-assisted technique. Methods Thirty-three ruptured intracranial wide-necked aneurysms were treated by stent-assisted or balloon-assisted technique combined with the use of Microplex coils. The lesions included 8 anterior communicating artery aneurysms, 19 posterior communicating artery aneurysms, 3 middle cerebral artery aneurysms and 3 basilar artery aneurysms. Results Of 19 patients treated with stent-assisted technique and Microplex coils, complete occlusion of the aneurysm was achieved in 13, over 90% occlusion in 4 and (70-90) % occlusion in 2. Among another 14 patients treated with balloon-assisted technique and Microplex coils, complete occlusion of the aneurysm was achieved in 9, over 90% occlusion in 3 and (70-90) % occlusion in 2. Conclusion For the treatment of intracranial wide-necked aneurysms, both the stent-assisted and balloon-assisted techniques are safe and effective. In treating intracranial wide-necked aneurysm, the selection of proper technique should be based on the patient's individual condition.

Mast cells regulate inflammation and immunity.Experimentally induced abdominal aortic aneurysm in mast cells-deficient animals and animals treated with mast cells inhibitors demonstrate that mast cells are involved in the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm via several different mechanisms.Mast cells-dependent activation of metalloproteinases and the renin-angiotensin system,contribution to smooth muscle cell apoptosis,and release of proteolytic enzymes are some key examples.Activated mast cells also contribute to neovascularization,inflammation,and atherosclerosis,all hallmarks of abdominal aortic aneurysm.Thus,we may envision that mast cells stabilizing agents,as well as leukotriene receptor antagonists and histamine receptor blockers already in clinical use for treatment of other diseases,could also be tested for their efficacy in treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm.

The paper analyzed the compensation mechanism applied in public hospitals in different localities in China,which are currently experimenting with the zero price margin for drugs.It also introduced the revenue variations resulting from this practice.It is discovered that public hospitals can hardly make their ends meet with merely governmental financial input,and that lowered income of doctors and price distortion arc evident in those experimental hospitals,with little progress in overcoming the subsidization of medical services with drug sales.The authors recommended a comprehensive reform,the mechanism of diversified health input,change of internal incentive mechanism within the hospital,improvement in the healthcare service pricing mechanism,and exploration of new operation mechanisms for public hospitals.

BACKGROUND:Articular cartilage has limited ability to repair itself, and the traditional means are difficult to repair articular cartilage defects, but articular cartilage tissue engineering provides new methods and approaches for large-area articular cartilage defects. OBJECTIVE:To review the current status, problems and prospects of tissue engineering technology in articular cartilage repair. METHODS:The retrieval of PubMed database was performed for articles published from 1982 to 2015, with the keywords of “articular cartilage, repair, tissue engineering” in English. Literatures related to tissue engineering repair of articular cartilage were included, but repetitive studies were excluded. Finaly 39 articles were reserved in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Excelent seed cels have chondrogenic differentiation potential, and currently, the main seed cels for articular cartilage repair include mesenchymal stem cels, embryonic stem cels, adipose-derived stem cels and precartilaginous stem cels. Different growth factors, which can induce the in vivo growth of host parenchymal cels, improve seeded cel stability, and accelerate tissue regeneration, tend to be combined in clinical application. Composite scaffolds are also one of hot researches that can promote cell inoculation and spatial distribution as well as accelerate cell proliferation. To obtain the best effectiveness of articular cartilage repair, how to optimize seed cells, select and match scaffold materials to construct new types of composite patterns is an important direction in the future.

Objective To compare the clinical use of continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) and self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) when monitoring blood glucose level of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) complicated with pregnancy.Methods A total of 99 patients with GDM (n=70) and type 2 DM complicated with pregnancy (n=29) that whether hospitalized or in clinical of Peking University First Hospital were recruited from Aug 2012 to Apr 2013.The CGMS was used to monitor their blood glucose level during the 72-hour time period,while the SMBG was also taken seven times daily.The correlation between these blood glucose levels and their glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were analyzed by comparing the average value,the maximum and the minimum value of blood glucose,and the appeared time of these extremum values in these two monitoring methods,and the amount of insulin usage was recorded as well.Results (1) The maximum,minimum and the average blood glucose value in the GDM group were (8.7± 1.2),(4.5 ±0.6) and (6.3 ± 0.6) mmol/L of SMBG vs.(10.1±1.7),(3.1±0.7),(6.0±0.6) mmol/L of CGMS.These values in DM group were (10.1±2.2),(4.5±1.0),(6.9±1.1) mmol/L of SMBG vs.(12.2±2.6),(2.8±0.8),(6.6±1.1) mmol/L of CGMS.By using the two methods,the maximum and the average value of the two groups showed significant differences (P＜0.01) while the minimum value showed no significant differences (P＞0.05).(2) In the GDM group,the average blood glucose values of CGMS and SMBG were significantly correlated (r=0.864,P＜0.01).The maximum values presented the same result (r=0.734,P＜0.01).Correlation was not found in the minimum values of CGMS and SMBG (r=0.138,P＞0.05).In the DM group,the average valves of two methods were significantly correlated (r=0.962,P＜0.01),the maximum values showed the same result (r=0.831,P＜0.01).It can also be observed in the minimum values (r=0.460,P＜0.05).(3) There was significant correlation between the average value of CGMS and HbA1c level (r=0.400,P＜0.01),and the average value of SMBG and HbA1c level were correlated (r=0.031,P＜0.05) in the GDM group; the average values of CGMS (r=0.695,P＜0.01) and SMBG (r=0.673,P＜0.01) were both significantly correlated with the HbA1c level in the DM group.(4) In the GDM group,37％ (26/70) of the minimum values of SMBG appeared 30 minutes before breakfast,while 34％(24/70) of them appeared 30 minutes before lunch; 86％(60/70) of the maximum values of SMBG were evenly distributed 2 hours after each of the three meals.In the DM group,41％(12/29) of the minimum values of SMBG presented 30 minutes before lunch,while 21％(6/29) and 14％(4/29) of them were showed 30 minutes before breakfast and dinner respectively; about 30％ of the maximum values of SMBG appeared 2 hours after each of the three meals.(5) In the GDM group,23％(16/70) of the minimum values of CGMS occurred between 0:00-2:59 am.,and most of the other minimum values of CGMS were evenly distributed in the rest of the day,except for 3％(2/70) of them were found during 18:00-20:59 pm.43％(30/70) of the maximum values of CGMS appeared during 6:00-8:59 am.,only 1％(1/70) and 3％(2/70) of them presented during 0:00-2:59 am.and 21:00-23:59 pm.,and the rest were evenly distributed for the other times of the day.In the DM group,34％(10/29) of the minimum values of CGMS were found during 0:00-2:59 am.,14％(4/29) of them appeared during 9:00-11:59 am.and 15:00-17:59 pm.,45％(13/29) of the maximum values of the CGMS presented during 6:00-8:59 am.,none was found during 21:00-23:59 pm.,0:00-2:59 am.and 3:00-5:59 am.,and the rest were evenly distributed for the other times of the day.(6) 64％(45/70) of the patients in the GDM group did not require for insulin treatment,while 36％(25/70) of them did.For those patients who received insulin treatment,after CGMS,64％(16/25) of them adjusted the insulin dosage according to their blood glucose levels.In the DM group,14％(4/29) of them did not receive insulin treatment,while for the others who did(86％,25/29); 60％ (15/25) of them adjusted the insulin dosage according to their blood glucose levels after CGMS.Conclusions Both CGMS and SMBG could correctly reflect patients' blood glucose levels.It was more difficult to control the blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 DM complicated with pregnancy than the GDM patients.Compared with SMBG,CGMS could detect postprandial hyperglycemia and nocturnal hypoglycemia more effectively.

The financial compensation mechanism for public county hospitals are discussed and analyzed in the paper.Such a mechanism is analyzed by means of media coverage and literature consulting,along with field survey.Roadblocks have been found in implementation of the mechanism, namely delayed payment of capital expenditure compensation,poor support for medical equipment purchase,gaps in development key disciplines development,insufficient compensation for retirees expenses,poor definition of policy-incurred losses,and unclear compensation of public health services.in a word,it is imperative to change the unreasonable financial compensation mechanism,before the six financial compensation subsidies can be fully put in place and financial compensation made efficiently.

The paper presents a detailed review of British pharmaceutical standards including British Pharma-copoeia, European Pharmacopoeia, British Approved Names, Reference Standards and Non-Statutory Pharmaceutical Standards. British pharmaceutical standards are established by the British Pharmacopoeia Commission, Expert Advi-sory Groups, Panels of Experts and Working Parties, British Pharmacopoeia Commission Secretariat, British Pharma-copoeia Laboratory, and standard-setting procedures are clear and definite. British Pharmacopoeia standards are le-gally binding, and pharmaceutical products sold in the United Kingdom must comply with pharmacopoeia require-ments. British pharmaceutical standards can serve as an important reference for reforms to China’s pharmaceutical standards, including the scientific management of pharmaceutical standards, the improvement of organizational frame-works in the establishment pharmaceutical standards, the promptness of amendments to pharmacopoeia, and the uni-versality of international exchanges.