Objective To study the feature extraction methods for the event related potential (ERP) evoked by mental arithmetical tasks through the sample entropy, in order to enhance the features of electroencephalograph (EEG) signals for brain computer interface (BCI).Methods Three types of mental arithmetic tasks including a simple counting, a random number and a stroke of Chinese character counting were proposed and 16 channel EEG signals were recorded from eight healthy subjects.The sample entropy method was then applied in characteristic signal complexity analysis.The characteristic and difference of signal complexity of ERP evoked by three types of mental arithmetical tasks were explored.Results The entropy value for EEG signal evoked by non-target stimulus was higher than that by the target stimulus with the significant difference (P＜0.01).The entropy of the mental arithmetic based on the Chinese characters counting task was significandy higher than that of the other two tasks (P＜0.05).EEG signals evoked by target/non-target were fundamentally signals under the state of attention or non-attention.Conclusions For the Chinese characters counting task, more complex information have been processed by the brain and the non-linear connection between nerve cells are much more complicated and a higher entropy value is achieved.In summary, the mental arithmetic task can effectively activate the relevant brain regions and the sample entropy can distinguish signals evoked by target or non-target stimuli.

Animals ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Research Design

Humans ; Occupational Health ; Refuse Disposal

Adult ; Blast Injuries ; etiology ; therapy ; Burns ; etiology ; therapy ; Explosions ; Humans ; Male ; Young Adult

Objective To detect the effects and mechanisms of CD147 in thyroid cancer cell SW579. Methods RT-PCR and Western-blot were used to determine the levels of CD147 mRNA and protein in SW579 cells after treated with CD147 specific small interference RNA (siRNA). The proliferative ratio of SW579 cells after treated with CD147 siRNA was detected by CCK-8 assay. We detected the changes of cellular mobility after treated with CD147 siRNA by transwell assay. Mobility related proteins were analyzed by western-blot. Results The proliferative ratio and the mobility of SW579 cells were inhibited significantly by down-regulation of CD147. The levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were lower in treated cells than untreated ones. Expression of Wave 2 and a mobility related protein were decreased in accompany with down-regulation of CD147. Conclusion Down-regulation of CD147 inhibits mobility of SW579 by suppressing MMP-2, MMP-9 and WAVE 2.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of edaravone against ischemiareperfusion injury in small-for-size rat liver grafts and its possible mechanisms. Methods 40 % small-for-size rat liver transplantation model was established by using modified two-cuff technique, adult male SD rats were used as donors and recipients, and 16 recipient rats were randomly divided into two groups (8 cases in each group), saline control group (control group) and edaravone treatment group (ED group). In the ED group, 3 mg/kg edaravone was given intravenously via penile vein 30 min before transplantation in the recipients. The same amount of saline was given in the control group at the same time points. Serum hepatic function (AST and ALT) and histopathological changes were analyzed; the contents of MDA and SOD, and hepatic myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in liver grafts after 6 h were determined; and TNF-α levels at 6th h after reperfusion were measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA method). Results As compared with control group,serum AST and ALT levels were significantly reduced at the 6th h after reperfusion in ED group (AST: 825. 50 5±72. 87 vs 1188. 03 ± 124. 04; ALT. 687. 40 5±72. 21 vs 988. 66 ± 91.07, P<0. 01 ).The content of MDA was lower and SOD level was higher in ED group significantly than in control group (P<0. 01). As compared with control group, hepatic TNF-α levels and MPO activity at the 6th h after reperfusion were significantly decreased in ED group (P<0. 01 ). Histopathological analysis revealed disruption of lobular architecture, apparent hepatocelluar degeneration accompanied by focal necrosis, significant edema, congestion and inflammatory cell infiltration in periportal area at the 6th h after reperfusion in control group, but minimal liver damage was observed in ED group. Conclusion Edaravone could ameliorate early ischemia-reperfusion injury in small-for-size liver grafts significantly.The protective mechanisms were mediated in part by increasing antioxidant ability, inhibiting lipid peroxidation, and down-regulating inflammatory reaction.

Objective To analyze the evolutionary characteristics and predict the variation trend of neuraminidase (NA) gene of influenza A/H1N1 (09pdm) virus in China from 2009 to 2016 in order to provide the basis of assessment for flu vaccines.Methods A total of 1 141 sequences of NA gene of influenza A/H1N1 (09pdm) virus were screened out from the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data and National Center for Biotechnology Information.The phylogenetic trees and the mutations of amino acids sequences were constructed and analyzed by biological softwares.The prediction for epidemic trend of influenza was analyzed by Bayesian skyline Plot.Results Compared with the sequence of reference strain,the homology of nucleic acid sequence of NA gene decreased year by year from 2009 to 2016.The phylogenetic analysis showed that NA gene clustered nearly on the identical phylogenetic tree in one year.The positive selection pressure site of NA strain was observed by different models in each year except 2012.The dynamics analysis showed that the popularity of influenza A/H1N1 virus may continue to increase to a peak in 2017.Conclusion The amino acid encoded by NA gene of influenza A/H1N1 virus is varying gradually,so the importance of surveillance for influenza virus should be reinforced for every year.

Objective To observe the effect of sodium butyrate on the invasion and migration of human salivary gland ade‐noid cystic carcinoma cell line ACC‐2 in vitro and to investigate the underlying mechanisms .Methods The cultured ACC‐2 cells were treated with different concentrations of sodium butyrate for 24 h ,and detected the viability rate of the cells by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) assay ;the drug′s influence on invasion and migration on ACC‐2 were detected by Transwell experiment ,while the protein and mRNA expression of HMGB1 and TLR4 explored by Western‐blot and RT‐PCR assay ;the relationship between TLR4 expression and HMGB1 was investigated .Results Compared with control group ,0 .625 ,1 .250 ,2 .500 ,5 .000 ,10 .000 mmol/L groups of sodium butyrate inhibited the proliferation of ACC‐2 cells(P<0 .05);the influence of sodium butyrate on the in‐vasion of ACC‐2 cells of all groups had no significant difference(P>0 .05);only 2 .500 ,5 .000 and 10 .000 mmol/L groups inhibited ACC‐2 cells migration and down‐regulated the protein and mRNA of HMGB1 and TLR4(P<0 .05) .Correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between the TLR4 protein and HMGB1 protein(r=0 .810 ,P<0 .05) .Conclusion Sodium butyrate could inhib‐it ACC‐2 cells proliferation and high concentration gropes inhibit ACC‐2 cells migration ,while reducing HMGB1 and TLR4 mRNA and protein expression ,suggesting that NaB might inhibite ACC‐2 cells migration through down‐regulated the mRNA and protein expression .

Background and purpose: Researches demonstrated that the butyric acid sodium salt (sodium butyrate, NaB) has effect on the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis-promoting, while the mechanism on salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma(SACC) is still uncertain. This study mainly probed into the impact of different concentration of sodium butyrate on the migration and invasion of SACC cell line ACC-M, and its mechanism of action. Methods:MTT assay explored the optimal concentration of sodium butyrate on the cell ACC-M and the observation of cell growth. Transwell assay was used to detect the effects of sodium butyrate on the ACC-M cells on the aspact of invasion and migration ability. Fluorescence real-time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) and Western blot were used to test respectively the expression of HMGB1, TLR4 mRNA and protein in ACC-M after functioned by 5 group drugs with different concentrations. Results:Compared with the control group, on the one hand, the concentration 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 mmol/L of sodium butyrate could effectively inhibit cell proliferation and apparently showing concentra-tion-dependence (P<0.05);On the other hand, 5 sets concentration of sodium butyrate could also effectively inhibit invasion and migration ability of ACC-M cells in vitro (P<0.05), as well as reducing the expression of HMGB1, TLR4 mRNA and protein in ACC-M cells (P<0.05). Furthermore related analysis showed that the decline of TLR4 protein expression was positively correlated with inhibition of HMGB1 (r=0.810, P<0.05). Conclusion:Sodium butyrate has an effect on inhibiting ACC-M cell proliferation, signiifcantly reducing ACC-M cell invasion and migration capabilities, and reducing expression of HMGB1, TLR4 mRNA and protein, and both expression amount are positively correlated, Meanwhile the positively correlation suggests that sodium butyrate probably achieve the inhibition ability by lowering the expression of HMGB1, TLR4 mRNA and protein in ACC-M cell.

Objective To distinguish residual tumor from inflammation after radiofrequency ablation (RA) for hepatic VX2 carcinoma in rabbits according to the comparative study between CT and pathological findings.Methods CT and pathologic examination were performed in different stages of RFA for rabbits hepatic VX2 models,and their different performances were observed.Results Marginal enhancement band was showed with enhanced CT of both residual tumor and inflammation.Moreover,liver tissues peripheral to enhancement band were in gradual weaken pattern.The enhancement band of inflammation was most obvious on the 2~(nd) day after RFA,but weakened gradually and disappeared two weeks later.Conclusion The residual tumor and inflammation could not be distinguished through enhanced CT scanning within 1 week after RFA.Low intensity lesions with peripheral enhancement 2 weeks after RFA should be recognized as residual tumor.