No abstract available.
Animals ; Carnitine* ; Heart* ; Myocardium* ; Rats*

No abstract available.
Microdialysis* ; Myocardium*

No abstract available.
Humans

No abstract available.
Animals ; Heart* ; Rats* ; Wisconsin*

BACKGROUND: Intracellular calcium overload is a common final feature of the ischemic-reperfused heart and mediates the genesis of irreversible cell damage. Reactive oxygen medabolites have been known to play and important role as toxic mediators in myocardial injuries resulting from ischemia and reperfusion. In order to investigate the mechanism of intracellular calcium accumulation in the ischemic-reperfused myocardium, the present study observed the possible contribution of the reactive oxygen metabolite to the calcium transport of cardiac mitochondria. METHODS: Mitochondrial were isolated from rabbit hearts. The effects of a reactive oxygen metabolite, H2O2 on calcium uptake and release, redox states of endogenous pyridine nucleotides and glutathiones of mitochondria respiring with succinate were observed. Calcium uptake and release were monitored by dual-wave length spectrophotometer using a calcium indicator, arsenaze III. Contents and redox states of pyridine nucleotides and glutathiones were measured by enzymatic methods using spectrofluorometer and HPLC. RESULTS: Hydrogen peroxide(10-500microM) promoted calcium release dose-dependently from CA++-preloaded mitochondria, but did not affect the mitochondrial calcium uptake. The H2O2-induced calcium release was accompanied by simultaneous oxidation of the pyridine nucleotides and decrease in the content of the reduced form of glutathione(GSH). When mitochondria were treated with BCNU(N,N=bis(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosourea) to inhibit glutathione reductase and so as to reduce the GSH content, there were no increase in calcium release from the mitochondria. These results may indicate that H2O2 increases the permeability of cardiac mitochondrial membrane to calcium in association with the changes in redox state of endogenous pyridine nucleotides, but not with that of glutathiones. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that the reactive oxygen metabolites induce the release of calcium from mitochondria by altering the redox state of pyridine nucleotides, and it may partly be involved in the elevation of cytosolic calcium concentration in the ischemic-reperfused myocardial cells.
Calcium* ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Cytosol ; Glutathione Reductase ; Heart ; Hydrogen ; Ischemia ; Mitochondria* ; Mitochondrial Membranes ; Myocardium ; Nucleotides ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxygen* ; Permeability ; Reperfusion ; Succinic Acid

Four hundred and fifty patients of cerebrovascular accident who underwent computerized tomographic scanning during the 45 months, from January 1978 to October 1981, at department of internal medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, were studied and following results were obtained. 1. In Korea, intracerebral hematoma(48.2%) is more common than cerebral infarction(27.6%). 2. 87.3% of intracerebral hemorrhage were comfirmed while 61.5% of cerebral infarction were identified by brain CT. 3. Cerebrovascular accidents are definitely developing in 6th decade(40.6%) and male is more often affected. 4. hypertension is the most common underlying disease(72.3%) of cerebral hemorrhage, 52.4% of cerebral infarction. 5. hematoma occurs most frequently in basal ganglia(40.6%) and cerebral infarction occurs most frequently in global area(48.4%). 6. Changes of consciousness level were observed in 54.2% of the cases of mild degree hematoma. Mortality was 6.2% in mild degree hematoma and 88.2% in severe degree hematoma. 7. In 26.2% of cerebral hematoma, inital CSF findings were normal in spite of the evidence of cerebral hematoma confirmed by CT scanning.
Brain* ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Cerebral Infarction ; Classification* ; Consciousness ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Internal Medicine ; Korea ; Male ; Mortality ; Stroke* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Serum lipids and lipoproteins were determined in 70 patients with hypertension, 40 patients with cerebral infarctions, and 41 patients with cerebral hemorrhage. The results were compared with findings in 64 healthy controls. The results are as follows; 1) Total cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio were significantly higher in patients with hypertension or cerebral infarction than in control group, but HDL-cholesterol showed no significant difference. 2) In Patients with cerebral hemorrhage, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were higher than in normal controls. Total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio was within the limits of normal. It is possible that the susceptibility to cerebral infarction is the result of high total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio rather than low HDL cholesterol. But our study suggests that hyperlipoproteinemia plays a minor role in the development of cerebral hemorrhage.
Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Cerebral Infarction ; Cholesterol ; Cholesterol, HDL ; Cholesterol, LDL ; Humans ; Hyperlipoproteinemias ; Hypertension* ; Lipoproteins

The duration of the phases of left ventricular systole was measured from simultaneous recordings of the electrocardiogram, phonocardiogram and carotid arterial pulse tracing using a multichannel photographic system with paper speed at 100 mm per second. Observations were made in 81 male and 66 female patients with hypertension and 41 healthy males and 38 healthy females who served as controls. All hypertension patients were classified by change in funduscopic finding, EKG and grade of diastolic pressure. STI were measured in each group and analysed. The resutls were as follows: 1. The normal PEP/LVET was 0.293 in male and 0.303 in female. 2. In male & female hypertensive patients, all STI were significantly difference to that of normal control except QA2. 3. In male hypertensive patients, the degree of EKG, funduscopic change and diastolic pressure were positive relation to the increase of PEP/LVET.
Blood Pressure ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Male ; Systole*

BACKGROUND: Hyperlipidemia is the one of the major risk factors causing the atherosclerosis of coronary arteries. Treatment of hyperlipidemia with drugs has been confirmed the effects of therapy showing a decreased incidence of coronary artery disease. Pravastatin is one of the new HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors and we studied the short-term hypolipidemic effects and safety of pravastatin in patients with hyperlipidemia. METHODS: We studied 31 patients(7 males and 24 females ; range of age, 36-67 years) for 12 weeks whose plasma levels of total cholesterol were higher than 250mg% after one month period of diet therapy. Pravastatin was administered 10mg/day and measured lipid profiles at 4 week interval. RESULTS: Pravastatin reduced the plasma total cholesterol from 286.2mg% to 212.3mg% (25.9%), the LDL-cholesterol from 204.2mg% to 143.6mg% (29.7%), the triglyceride from 226.0mg% to 161.4mg% (28.6%) after 12 weeks treatment. The HDL-cholesterol increased from 25.8mg% to 46.4mg% (20.5%) after pravastatin therapy. These changes were disclosed all statistically significant compared to baseline levels(p<0.01). The clinical and laboratory examinations before and after pravastatin treatment showed no particular abnormal findings. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggested that short-term pravastatin therapy in patients with hyperlipidemia seems to be very effective and safe.
Atherosclerosis ; Cholesterol ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Coronary Vessels ; Diet Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors ; Hyperlipidemias* ; Incidence ; Male ; Plasma ; Pravastatin* ; Risk Factors ; Triglycerides

To study left ventricular diastolic filling in patient with hypertension in different form of left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH), 105 patients with hypertension and 30 normal persons underwent M-mode echocardiography and pulsed Doppler measurement of the left ventricular inflow. From the M-mode echocardiographic measurement of left ventricular dimension, hypertensive patients were subdivided into three grouops : group I(n=27) ; no LVH, group II(n=36) ; concentric LVH, grooup III(n=42) asymmetric septal hypertrophy. From the digitized trace of the pulsed Doppler at the mitral valve level, Doppler diastolic time intervals, peak velocities at rapid filling (E velocity) and atrial contraction(A velocity) and the triangle area under the A velocity(A area) and triagle area under the E velocity(E area) were measured. The peak A velocity(normal subjects ; 0.51+/-0.08m/sec, group I ; 0.73+/-0.14m/sec, group II ; 0.78+/-0.15m/sec, group III ; 0.8+/-0.23 m/sec) and the A area(noral subjects ; 4.71+/-1.64, group I; 6.24+/-1.78, group II ; 7.75+/-2.93, group III ; 8.05+/-3.11) and the peak A/E velocity ratio and the A/E area ratio were significantly different from the normal controls(P<0.01). The peak E velocity(normal subjects ; 0.76+/-0.13, group I ; 0.7+/-0.12, group II ; 0.63+/-0.12, group III ; 0.59+/-0.15m/sec) and E area (normal subjects ; 9.61+/-2.8, group I ; 8.11+/-2.13, group II ; 7.82+/-2.73, group III ; 7.34+/-3.07) were significantly different between hypertensive groups with LVH and normal controls. Doppler time intervals, total area were not different between groups. This study shows that abnormal pattern of left ventricular diastolic filling occur in patients with hypertension and the peak A velocity and the peak A/E velocity ratio and the peak A/E area ratio are the earliest findings that can detectable by Doppler echocardiography.
Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic ; Echocardiography ; Echocardiography, Doppler ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Mitral Valve