Renal transplantation to 37 dog was done to study relationship of the fluid imbalance with pathological changes. 1. The 9 dogs of 37 renal homografts without immunosuppressive drug survived more than 3 days. 2. In the 9 cases, BUN was elevated above the 40,K was elevated above the 7.2 mEq/L except 1 case and CI was below the normal level in 5 cases. Sodium was not changed in all cases. 3. Main direct causes of death was other than bleeding, occlusion of renal and fluid imbalance. 4. Almost all cases that showed lymphocyte and monocyte infiltation with intact glomeruli and tubule was thought to be functioning despite of histological findings of rejection. But those case that showed glomeruli and tubular necrosis was thought to be nonfunctioning because of renal ischemia. Renal necrosis and renal rejection were not related with chemical changes of the serum.
Allografts ; Animals ; Cause of Death ; Dogs* ; Hemorrhage ; Ischemia ; Kidney Transplantation* ; Lymphocytes ; Monocytes ; Necrosis ; Sodium

Male genital tract inflammatory conditions may be associated with unexplained infertility. The presence of cytokine such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) was reported in the semen of infertile men. However, the effect of these cytokines on human sperm function is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the in-vitro effects of TNF-alpha on human sperm motility with computer assisted sperm analysis. Washed sperm from 16 normal men were incubated without and with TNF-alpha(0.1, 10, 1000 ng/ml). The changes of parameters of sperm motility were recorded at different time intervals (0, 5, 24 hour). There was no significant change of parameters of sperm motility in the incubation with TNF-alpha. It is suggested that TNF-alpha alone does not interfere with the sperm motility and more studies are needed.
Cytokines ; Humans ; Infertility ; Male ; Semen ; Sperm Motility* ; Spermatozoa* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha*

Present trial was carried out to evaluate the anthelmintic efficacy of oxantel/pyrantel tablets against intestinal nematode infections, and to determine the efficacy of oxantel tablels against Trichuris infection. A total of 34 subjects with the mixed infections were treated with oxantel/pyrantel tablets (100 mg/tablet each) in a single dose of 15 mg/kg body weight, and another group of 22 Trichuris infected cases received oxantel pamoate tablets (125 mg/tablet) in a single dose of 15 mg/kg. All stool examinations were done before the treatment and 3 weeks after the treatment. The cellophane thick smear (Kato's technique) and Stoll's dilution egg counting method were employed. The results of the trial were summarized as follows: The cure rates (egg negative conversion rates) and egg reduction rates for oxantel/pyrantel tablets were 85.3 percent and 97 percent in trichuriasis, 100 percent each in ascariasis and ancylostomiasis. The oxantel tablet treated group demonstrated a cure rate of 90.9 percent and an egg reduction rate of 96.3 percent in the treatment of Trichuris. There were no detectable objective and subjective side effects in this trial. Both oxantel/pyrantel and oxantel pamoate tablets were readily accepted and well tolerated.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda ; Enterobius vermicularis ; Ancylostoma duodenale ; Trichuris trichiura ; chemotherapy-oxantel/pyrante ; oxantel pamoate

The role of the immune system in pathogenesis of skin cancer has been attracted increasing attention in recent years. Some limited studies and observations suggest that altered immune status may be a factor in the initiation and growth of cutaneous malignancies. Authors experienced a typical case of xeroderma pigmentosum in a 6 year-old girl, who has been suffered from hyper and hypopigmented macules on sun-exposed area, photophobia and also noted eroded lesion on the lower lip. The biopsy finding of the hyperpigmented macule showed that of freckle and the finding of actinic cheilitis was observed from the specimen of eroded 1esion on the lower lip. We performed immunologic test and obtained some evidences of immunologic defect; such as decreased numbers of total T cells, T-suppressor cell and B cell in our patient.
Actins ; Biopsy ; Cheilitis ; Child ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 ; Female ; Humans ; Ichthyosis* ; Immune System ; Immunologic Tests ; Lip ; Melanosis ; Photophobia ; Skin Neoplasms ; T-Lymphocytes ; Xeroderma Pigmentosum*

No abstract available.
Breast* ; Child* ; Humans

BACKGROUND: Induction of general anesthesia with tracheal intubation and skin incision are potent stimuli that can induce increased sympathetic activity, heart rate and blood pressure. We compared the hemodynamic response and catecholamine concentration during general anesthesia with intravenous clonidine pretreatment, a centrally acting -2 adrenoceptor agonist, and without pretreatment. METHODS: Forty ASA I or II patients aged from 20 to 60 years undergoing elective surgery were randomly allocated to two groups. In group I, 5 ml of 0.9% normal saline as control administered intravenously 10 minutes before induction of anesthesia, and anesthesia was induced with thiopental sodium, succinylcholine and maintained with N2O (2.5L/min)-O2 (2.5L/min)-enflurane (1.3~1.8 vol%). In group II, 4 g/kg clonidine diluted in 5ml of normal saline administered intravenously 10 minutes before induction of anesthesia, and anesthesia was induced with thiopental sodium, succinylcholine and maintained with N2O-O2-enflurane (0.5~1.0vol%) and 2 g/kg/hr clonidine was continuously infused. We measured blood pressure, heart rate and plasma catecholamine at preinduction, 1 minute after intubation (T1), 1 (T2) and 30 minutes after skin incision (T3) and compared with group I. RESULTS: There was statistical significance in systolic and diastolic pressure at T1 between two groups. There was statistical significance in heart rate, epinephrine and norepinephrine at T1, T2 and T3 between two groups. CONCLUSION: The elevation of blood pressure, heart rate and plasma catecholamine accompanying tracheal intubation and skin incision may be prevented by administration of intravenous clonidine.
Adult ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General* ; Blood Pressure* ; Brain ; Clonidine* ; Epinephrine ; Heart Rate* ; Heart* ; Hemodynamics ; Hemorrhage ; Hope ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intubation* ; Larynx ; Male ; Norepinephrine ; Plasma* ; Skin ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing ; Succinylcholine ; Thiopental

BACKGROUND: In previous our retrospective study, we concluded that administered fluid volume, duration of operation, operative procedures and anesthetic techniques were the major factors of postoperative urinary retention. However, the administered fluid volume, age, types and duration of the operation confined to hemorrhoidectomy was questioned as a precipitating factor. The high retention rate in spinal anesthesia is also questioned. METHODS: We investigated these possible precipitating factors of urinary retention in healthy patients (n=154) undergoing hemorrhoidectomy. The patients were randomly divided into three different anesthetic techniques: caudal (2% lidocaine 300 mg with 1 : 200,000 epinephrine), spinal (0.5% tetracaine 5 mg with epinephrine 0.1 mg or 5% lidocaine 40 mg) and general (enflurane, N2O, vecuronium). Urinary retentin was searched according to above factors following surgery. RESULTS: The overall urinary retention rate was 46.1%. The retention rate in patients with spinal anesthesia was higher than that in those with other anesthetic techniques (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between patients with lidocaine and tetracaine spinal anesthesia in urinary retention rate. The administered fluid volume in patients with urinary retention was significantly higher than that of patients without retention (p<0.05). Age, duration and types of hemorrhoidectomy did not significantly affect urinary retention rate. CONCLUSIONS: Restriction of fluid administration and avoidance of spinal anesthesia are necessary in reducing postoperative urinary retention following hemorrhoidectomy.
Anesthesia, Spinal ; Epinephrine ; Hemorrhoidectomy* ; Humans ; Lidocaine ; Precipitating Factors ; Retrospective Studies ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; Tetracaine ; Urinary Retention*

The majority of the radiologically detected solitary pulmonary nodules are benign, although relatively infrequent malignant nodules always make problems. Regarding the high prevalence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis in this country, it could be assumed that a large number of the benign pulmonary nodules are tuberculomas. There have been various attempts with CT in the evaluation of solitary pulmonary nodules. Most of them were focused on the nodule itself, however. We evaluated not only the character of the nodules bus also the parenchymal changes around the nodules to find evidences of associated pulmonary tuberculosis by using highresolution CT. We analyzed 35 benign solitary pulmonary nodules which are less than 4cm in size. Three or 5 high-resolution CT images were obtained in additon to the conventional CT images. Most of the nodules were located at the periphery of lung. Most of the nodules were proved to betuberculomas or presumed to be tuberculomas (n=32). The mean diameter of the nodules was 22mm. Most of the nodules were well-marginated. We observed a lobulated margin in 16 tuberculomas and a finely spiculated margin in 6 tuberculomas. Typical patterns of benign calcification were observed in 12 tuberculomas and one margin in 6 tuberculomas. Typical patterns of benign calcification were observed in 12 tuberculomas and one hamartoma. the findings of parenchymal tuberculosis such as interlobular septal thickening, small centrilobular micronodules, and lobular overinflation were identified in 12, 6 and 12 cases of tuberculomas respectively. The changes of juxtanodular lung parenchyma as well as the character of nodule itself were well demonstrated on high-resolution CT. which is valuabel I the evaluation of the equivocal solitary pulomnary nodules. Evidences of pulmonary tuberculosis around the nodule would be the secondary sign of benignancy.
Hamartoma ; Lung ; Prevalence ; Solitary Pulmonary Nodule* ; Tuberculoma ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

The majority of the radiologically detected solitary pulmonary nodules are benign, although relatively infrequent malignant nodules always make problems. Regarding the high prevalence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis in this country, it could be assumed that a large number of the benign pulmonary nodules are tuberculomas. There have been various attempts with CT in the evaluation of solitary pulmonary nodules. Most of them were focused on the nodule itself, however. We evaluated not only the character of the nodules bus also the parenchymal changes around the nodules to find evidences of associated pulmonary tuberculosis by using highresolution CT. We analyzed 35 benign solitary pulmonary nodules which are less than 4cm in size. Three or 5 high-resolution CT images were obtained in additon to the conventional CT images. Most of the nodules were located at the periphery of lung. Most of the nodules were proved to betuberculomas or presumed to be tuberculomas (n=32). The mean diameter of the nodules was 22mm. Most of the nodules were well-marginated. We observed a lobulated margin in 16 tuberculomas and a finely spiculated margin in 6 tuberculomas. Typical patterns of benign calcification were observed in 12 tuberculomas and one margin in 6 tuberculomas. Typical patterns of benign calcification were observed in 12 tuberculomas and one hamartoma. the findings of parenchymal tuberculosis such as interlobular septal thickening, small centrilobular micronodules, and lobular overinflation were identified in 12, 6 and 12 cases of tuberculomas respectively. The changes of juxtanodular lung parenchyma as well as the character of nodule itself were well demonstrated on high-resolution CT. which is valuabel I the evaluation of the equivocal solitary pulomnary nodules. Evidences of pulmonary tuberculosis around the nodule would be the secondary sign of benignancy.
Hamartoma ; Lung ; Prevalence ; Solitary Pulmonary Nodule* ; Tuberculoma ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary