Objective To investigate the effects of mirror visual feedback (MVF) and electromyographic biofeedback (EMGBF) on upper extremity function in hemiplegic patients after stroke based on task-oriented training. Methods 90 patients with hempiplegia after stroke were randomly divided into control group (n=30), EMGBF group (n=30) and MVF group (n=30). All patients accepted routine rehabilitation and task-oriented training once a day for 8 weeks. The EMGBF group also accepted EMGBF, and the MVF group accepted MVF in addition. They were assessed with Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) and the Upper Extremity Function Test (UEFT), and their integrated electromyogram (iEMG) of affected upper extremities were recorded before and after treatment. Results All the groups improved in scores of FMA and UEFT, as well as the iEMG after treatment (P<0.05), and ranked as the MVF group, the EMGBF group and the control group from improving more to less (P<0.05). Conclusion Mirror visual feedback combined with electromyographic biofeedback may further promote the recovery of upper limb function in patients with hemiplegia after stroke based on task-oriented training.

Objective:To determine and investigate the stability of ginkgo biloba extract injection from three different manufactur-ers respectively in 0.9% NaCl infusion and 5% glucose infusion under different conditions (room temperature, high temperature and light). Methods:Ginkgo biloba extract injection was mixed with the two kinds of infusions,and then divided into the normal tempera-ture group,the high temperature group and the light group. The appearance,insoluble particles,pH and content of flavonoids after the relevant treatment were investigated. The appearance and insoluble particles were tested according to the characteristics of the inspec-tion method described in Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2015 edition,volume IV,the general rule),and the content of flavonoids was detec-ted by HPLC-UV. Results:All the mixed solutions were yellow. No significant changes were found in the appearance,pH value,in-soluble particles and contents of quercetin and isorhamnetin in all the mixed solutions in 24 h. The pH value of the mixed solution with 5% glucose infusion was lower than that with 0.9% NaCl infusion,and all the pH values met the standard in Chinese Pharmacopeias. The kaemphenol content in the injection from Shenwei pharmaceutical company was higher than that from the other manufacturers, while the content of kaemphenol in all the injections was within the standard range. Conclusion:The quality of Ginkgo biloba extract injection from the three different manufacturers is stable under different conditions.

The oral cavity of each person is home to hundreds of bacterial species.While taxa for oral diseases have been studied using culture-based characterization as well as amplicon sequencing,metagenomic and genomic information remains scarce compared to the fecal microbiome.Here,using metagenomic shotgun data for 3346 oral metagenomic samples together with 808 published samples,we obtain 56,213 metagenome-assembled genomes(MAGs),and more than 64％of the 3589 species-level genome bins(SGBs)contain no publicly available genomes.The resulting genome collection is representative of samples around the world and contains many genomes from candi-date phyla radiation(CPR)that lack monoculture.Also,it enables the discovery of new taxa such as a genus Candidatus Bgiplasma within the family Acholeplasmataceae.Large-scale metagenomic data from massive samples also allow the assembly of strains from important oral taxa such as Por-phyromonas and Neisseria.The oral microbes encode genes that could potentially metabolize drugs.Apart from these findings,a strongly male-enriched Campylobacter species was identified.Oral sam-ples would be more user-friendly collected than fecal samples and have the potential for disease diagnosis.Thus,these data lay down a genomic framework for future inquiries of the human oral microbiome.

The vagina contains at least a billion microbial cells,dominated by lactobacilli.Here we perform metagenomic shotgun sequencing on cervical and fecal samples from a cohort of 516 Chinese women of reproductive age,as well as cervical,fecal,and salivary samples from a second cohort of 632 women.Factors such as pregnancy history,delivery history,cesarean section,and breastfeeding were all more important than menstrual cycle in shaping the microbiome,and such information would be necessary before trying to interpret differences between vagino-cervical micro-biome data.Greater proportion of Bifidobacterium breve was seen with older age at sexual debut.The relative abundance of lactobacilli especially Lactobacillus crispatus was negatively associated with pregnancy history.Potential markers for lack of menstrual regularity,heavy flow,dysmenor-rhea,and contraceptives were also identified.Lactobacilli were rare during breastfeeding or post-menopause.Other features such as mood fluctuations and facial speckles could potentially be predicted from the vagino-cervical microbiome.Gut and salivary microbiomes,plasma vitamins,metals,amino acids,and hormones showed associations with the vagino-cervical microbiome.Our results offer an unprecedented glimpse into the microbiota of the female reproductive tract and call for international collaborations to better understand its long-term health impact other than in the settings of infection or pre-term birth.