Promoting women's health lifestyles are important due to their connection to family health. The purpose of this study was to analyse women's health lifestyles(HLP) and their effects on women's life-cycle, so in order to develop a program in a women's health care center. The subjects included were 1080 women over 18 years old living in Wonju city, and were selected by stratified and purposive sampling. The data were collected through a questionnaire and interview. The Cronbach alpha, %, mean, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and regression in SPSS PC Win. package was used to analyze the data. The sample was sepernted into three groups premarital group 20.2%(premarital women between 18 and 40 years old), delivery and children rearing group 49.9%(marital women between 18 and 40 years old), over middle agedelderly group 29.9%(women over 41 years old). Significant difference were found in the HPL according to group. Also, relating variables, such as self-efficacy, family functions, health locus of control and gender role perception that were considered relating variables to HPL significantly differed among the tree groups. HLP significantly correlated with self-efficacy, family functions, HLOC and gender role perception in all participants and at all groups. The regression analysis of HPL was interpreted 40.6% with relating variables, self-efficacy, health attention, family functions, and internal locus of control, health perception, power other locus of control and chance locus of control in all participant. Self-efficacy, family functions, health attention were considered important variables in premarital group, self-efficacy, family functions, internal locus of control, health attention, health perception and power of control were important in delivery-rearing group. Self-efficacy, health attention, internal locus of control, family functions and health perception were important in middle aged-elderly group. As a result, we found the differences HPL scores and relating variables according to life-cycle groups. Therefore, we should prepare health promoting education programs for women according to women's life cycles. Also we suggest that women's health care centers based on communities was needed for proper management of women's health.
Adolescent ; Child ; Education ; Family Health ; Female ; Gangwon-do ; Gender Identity ; Humans ; Internal-External Control ; Life Cycle Stages ; Life Style* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Women's Health

The clinical effect of etafenone on 12 cases of angina pectoris(9 males and 3 females with average age of 58.3 years) were studied and following results were obtained: 1. Anginal chest pains were improved after average 9 days (3~15 days) of medication and the dreug was very effective in 41.7%, moderately effective in 33.3% and slightly effective in 25.0% of cases. 2. The ST segment depression of E.C.G. were reduced in 50.0%, improvement of T waves inversion or enlargement of T waves were observed in 66.7% and E.C.G. improvement either ST segment or T wave observed in 75.0% of cases. 3. No side reactions such as hypotension, palpitation, dizziness, headache or gastrointestinal disturbances were seen during the treatement with etafenone.
Angina Pectoris* ; Chest Pain ; Depression ; Dizziness ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Male

The clinical effect of etafenone on 12 cases of angina pectoris(9 males and 3 females with average age of 58.3 years) were studied and following results were obtained: 1. Anginal chest pains were improved after average 9 days (3~15 days) of medication and the dreug was very effective in 41.7%, moderately effective in 33.3% and slightly effective in 25.0% of cases. 2. The ST segment depression of E.C.G. were reduced in 50.0%, improvement of T waves inversion or enlargement of T waves were observed in 66.7% and E.C.G. improvement either ST segment or T wave observed in 75.0% of cases. 3. No side reactions such as hypotension, palpitation, dizziness, headache or gastrointestinal disturbances were seen during the treatement with etafenone.
Angina Pectoris* ; Chest Pain ; Depression ; Dizziness ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Male

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Nephroma, Mesoblastic* ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal*

This study was conducted to examine and compare the characteristics in the cognitive functions of peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis and normal kidney function groups as basic data for effectively educating dialysis patients. The data were collected from May 10 to October 30. 2000, collected from each of 20 patients with peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis and normal Kidney function and who registered for the dialysis room at a general hospital affiliated to a university in Seoul and sampled by age and educational level through personal interviews with the researchers of this study. As a measuring tool, MMSE developed by Folstein et al.(1975) to measure cognitive function disorder was used, slightly revised for hemodialysis patients. Collected data were processed into frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation by the use of SAS. The results of this study are as follows: 1.With a maximum of 30 points for cognitive function, the mean of the peritoneal dialysis patients was 27.06+/-2.06, while that of the hemodialysis patients was 27.25+/-2.76; that of the normal Kidney function patients was 27.85+/-2.00, indicating no significant difference among those three groups. 2. As for the subjects who scored 23 points, the turning point of confirming the cognitive disorder, the percentage was 5% in the case of the peritoneal dialysis, 10% in the case of the hemodialysis and 5% in the case of the normal Kidney function group. 3.Differences between the peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis patients by gender, occupation, spouse, diabetes, hypertension, the period of dialysis, number of hospitalizations, and the use of erythropoietin were not significant in the scoring of cognitive function. 4. There was no significant correlation between the level of Hb, Hct, albumin, aluminium, PTH, BUN, Cr, dialysis adequacy and the cognitive function. Considering such results, it is clear that there is no significant difference in the cognitive functions of the sampled subjects. Therefore, the nurse in the dialysis room should continually carry out assessment and intervention against elements degrading the effect of patients' education to improve self-care.
Dialysis ; Education ; Erythropoietin ; Hospitalization ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Kidney* ; Occupations ; Peritoneal Dialysis* ; Renal Dialysis* ; Self Care ; Seoul ; Spouses

The purpose of this article is to present the clinical and laboratory procedures for single tooth restoration using "Combination Implant Crown". It is cemented on implant abutment and that abutment is screw-retained over implant body. This type of implant restorations has the advantages of cement-retained restoration while being antirotational and retrievable. And, more esthetic and functional result can be achieved by minimizing the size of access hole. The results were as follow : 1. Preparation of abutment below the cuffline should be avoided 2. Axial reduction of implant abutment should not be excessive because it may weaken the abutment 3. More esthetical and functional occlusal surface was achieved with a minimal access hole which is slightly larger than the diameter of hex driver to enable future total retrievability. 4. Combination Implant Crown has the advantages of both the cement-retained and screw-retained type implant restoration. 5. Cementation between implant crown and abutment reduces screw loosening through even force distribution.
Cementation ; Crowns* ; Tooth*

Submerged implants require secondary surgical uncovering of implants after healing period of 3 - 6 months. In surgical methods, there are surgical scalpel, tissue punch, electro-surgical, and laser-used uncovering, and laser-used uncovering, and so forth. The objectives of this study are investigation and assessment of 1) thermal change in clinical application for uncovering of HA-coated implant and pure titanium implant irradiated by pulsed Nd-YAG. CO2, and Er-YAG laser. 2) surface change of cover screws after irradiation using laser energy. The temperature of apex & side wall of implants were recorded at 10sec, 20sec, 30sec after 30sec irradiation to implant healing screw; 1) pulsed Nd-YAG laser; 2W, 20pps, contact mode 2) CO2 laser; water-infused & non-water infused state, 2.5-3.5W, contibuous mode, noncontact mode 3) CO2 laser; non-water-infused state, 3W, superpulse, noncontact mode 4) Er-YAG laser; (1) non-water infused state, 10pps, 60mj, contact mode (2) water-infused state, 10pps, 60mj, 80mj, 101mj, contact mode According to the results of this study, pulsed Nd-YAG laser is not indicated because of increase thermal change and pitting of metal surface of implant cover screw. By contrast, CO2 laser & Er-YAG laser are presumed to indicate because of narrow range of thermal change & near abscence of thermal damage of metal surface. Dental laser is thought to be much helpful to surgical procedure when it is used as optimal power and time condition considering characteristics and indications of each laser. Further research is needed to verify that these techniques are safe and beneficial to implant success.
Lasers, Gas ; Lasers, Solid-State ; Titanium

PURPOSE: A corneal haze after LASIK retreatment in eye with previous PRK has not been reported in Korea. We experienced a case of myopic regression and haze after LASIK retreatment and treated it with fortified steroid eye solution. Herein we will present it. METHODS: A 38-year-old woman underwent the PRK for the correction of myopia in 1994 and the bilateral LASIK retreatment of myopic regression in January 2000. One year later, the left eye showed myopic regression and severe corneal haze but right eye was nearly emmetropia. PredForte(R) was dropped 4 times daily for 3 months, tapered, substituted with Flumetholon(R) for the next 3 months. We observed for 6 months. RESULTS: Three months later, refraction became nearly emmetropic and uncorrected visual acuity was 0.6. Corneal haze, central keratometric and pachymetric value were much decreased. It remained stable for 6 months.
Adult ; Emmetropia ; Female ; Humans ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ* ; Korea ; Myopia ; Retreatment* ; Visual Acuity

No abstract available.
Gwangju* ; Humans

A meta-analysis of 14 quasi-experimental studies was conducted to compare the effect of size on various relaxation therapies applied to patients and health volunteer students. These studies were selected from theses, dissertations and papers that have been done between 1982 to 1993. Also They have a randomized or nonequivalent control group in a pre test-post test design. The studies were evaluated in different ways; 1) types of relaxation therapy, 2) total amount of time of relaxation therapy, and 3) types of outcome variables. For a group of homogenious studies, the weighted mean effect size and standard error were estimated. Some findings are summarized as follows : 1. Jacobson relaxation therapy had a larger effect on systolic and diastolic blood pressures than on state anxiety. 2. For the total time of relaxation therapy, (longer than 60 minutes) had a much larger effect in decreasing systolic and diastolic blood pressures than in the case of a time period shorter than 60 minutes. 3. Relaxation therapy applied to surgery patients also had a larger effect in decreasing state anxiety than when applied to other patients.
Anxiety* ; Blood Pressure* ; Humans ; Relaxation Therapy* ; Relaxation* ; Volunteers