No abstract available.
Arteriovenous Malformations* ; Uterus*

No abstract available.
Arteriovenous Malformations* ; Uterus*

PURPOSE: To show Humphrey automated kinetic perimetry can be substituted for Goldmann perimetry, which has been used in the field of disability evaluation field, the differences of normal visual fields between two perimetries were evaluated. METHODS: Goldmann and Humphrey automated kinetic perimetries were performed simultaneously in 70 eyes of 35 normal healthy Koreans who had no specific ophthalmologic disease at 12 meridians; 0degrees, 30degrees, 60degrees, 90degrees, 120degrees, 150degrees, 180degrees, 210degrees, 240degrees, 270degrees, 300degrees, and 330degrees. The mean values of field in each case were compared. In addition, the corrected values were obtained through the calculation of the difference in the two maximal fields. RESULTS: The visual fields of Humphrey and Goldmann kinetic perimetries showed a similar oval shape, but the fields of Goldmann were statistically significantly wider than the Humphrey fields. As the values of Humphrey were compared with the original data of Goldmann, all values of the visual field were narrow. CONCLUSIONS: The visual fields by Humphrey automated kinetic perimetry were smaller than those by Goldmann perimetry. Therefore, if Humphrey kinetic perimetry is used for the evaluation of visual disability, the visual field should be evaluated after the correction.
Disability Evaluation ; Eye ; Visual Field Tests ; Visual Fields

In amebic liver abscess, communication between liver abscess and intrahepatic bile ducts is an uncommon cause of bile leak. This condition can be treated surgically or endoscopically. However, these treatment modalities are related with high morbidity and mortality. A 49-year-old man was diagnosed with amebic liver abscess. Percutaneous drainage was performed due to poor medical response and for the purpose of preventing abscess rupture. Liver abscess-biliary communication was found at follow-up imaging study. He was treated successfully with medical therapy and supportive care without further interventions.
Abscess ; Bile ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; Biliary Fistula* ; Drainage ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Liver ; Liver Abscess ; Liver Abscess, Amebic* ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Rupture

The majority of lung cancers associated with hyperamylasemia are adenocarcinomas. Here we report an unusual case of a 54-year-old male patient who complained of dyspnea, anterior chest wall discomfort and facial edema for one month, presenting with a huge mediastinal mass and hyperamylasemia complicated by pericardial effusion Histological evaluation of mediastinal mass revealed small cell carcinoma and pericardium showed nonspecific inflammation with fibrosis. The serum amylase had an electrophoretic mobility similar to that of salivary gland enzyme. There were no evidence of a salivary or pancreatic causes of hyperamylasemia. After chemotherapy, parenchymal lung lesions improved and hyperamylasemia disappeared. For the mannagement of peracardial effusion a pericardial window was forms(i. We concluded that the striking increase in serum amylase was due to the ectopic production of this enzyme by the tumor.
Adenocarcinoma ; Amylases* ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; Drug Therapy ; Dyspnea ; Edema ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Hyperamylasemia ; Inflammation ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pericardial Effusion ; Pericardium ; Salivary Glands ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma* ; Strikes, Employee ; Thoracic Wall

PURPOSE: To evaluate the short-term efficacy and safety of intravitreal bevacizumab injection (IVBI) in patients with retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP). METHODS: Seven eyes of 5 patients with RAP were included in this study. All of the eyes evidenced stage 2 RAP lesions, except for one eye with a stage 3 lesion. IVBI (1.25 mg/0.05 cc) were conducted at 4 or 6-week intervals. Complete ocular examinations, angiographic results and optical coherence tomographic findings before and after the IVBI were analyzed at baseline and upon the follow-up visits. RESULTS: Seven eyes were studied in 5 patients who had undergone IVBI. Partial (3 eyes) or complete (4 eyes) regression of RAP was noted after IVBI in all of the studied eyes. Visual acuity improved in 5 of the eyes, and was stable in 2 of the eyes. One eye evidenced severe intraocular inflammation after IVBI and a subsequent development of new RAP, which was controlled with vitrectomy and repeat IVBI. CONCLUSIONS: This treatment was effective over 6 months, stabilizing or improving visual acuity and reducing angiographic leakage. These short-term results suggest that IVBI may constitute a promising therapeutic option, particularly in the early stages of RAP.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Angiogenesis Inhibitors/*administration & dosage ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*administration & dosage ; Female ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fundus Oculi ; Humans ; Injections ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retinal Neovascularization/complications/*drug therapy/pathology ; Treatment Outcome ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; Visual Acuity ; Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative/complications/*drug therapy/pathology ; Vitreous Body

In the present study, the effects of different photoperiods on stress, immunity, and hematological parameters in ICR mice were evaluated. Fifty male ICR mice 7 weeks old (body weight, 27.3 +/- 2.5 g) were divided into five groups: DP-0 (0/24-h light/dark cycle), DP-6 (6/18-h light/dark cycle), DP-12 (12/12-h light/dark cycle), DP-18 (18/ 6-h light/dark cycle), and DP-24 (24/0-h light/dark cycle). During the experimental period, no significant differences in body weight or feed intake were observed between the groups. Hematological analysis revealed that white blood cell, red blood cell, and hemoglobin values for the DP-0 group were significantly different compared to those of the other groups. After 28 days, no significant difference in serum cortisol concentration was observed among the groups, but serum cortisol levels increased in a light exposure-dependent manner. Total serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations of the DP-0 and PD-6 groups were significantly increased compared to those of the other groups (P < 0.05), and serum total IgG levels decreased in a light exposure-dependent manner. Results of the present study indicated that various photoperiods affect hematological parameters and total serum IgG levels in ICR mice while having no significant effects on body weight, feed intake, or cortisol levels.
Animals ; Body Weight ; Erythrocytes ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Immunoglobulin G ; Leukocytes ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR* ; Photoperiod*

BACKGROUND: Colon cancer affects largely elderly populations. Elderly patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy is lower than younger patients in colon cancer. We aim to evaluate the survival and prognostic factors in accordance with adjuvant chemotherapy in elderly colon cancer patients undergoing curative resection. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 86 patients 70 years of age or older with stage II, III colon cancer who were underwent surgical resection between 2005 and 2013 at single-center. We examined demographic factors, comorbidities at the time of diagnosis, factors associated with colon cancer, and factors associated with treatment, and analyzed associations survival and these factors divided into adjuvant chemotherapy group (chemotherapy group) and the conservative treatment group (observation group). RESULTS: Among 86 patients 70 years of age or older, 58 patients (67.4%) administered adjuvant chemotherapy and 28 patients (32%) underwent conservative treatment. There are significant differences in respect to the age of 75 in order to select conservative treatment or adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with surgery (p=0.008). There was no significant difference of median overall survival between both groups (chemotherapy group versus observation group: 20 months vs. 24 months, p=0.000). Poor ECOG PS score was independent prognostic factor for overall survival (95% confidential interval 0.016-0.205; hazard ratio, 0.58; p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Adjuvant chemotherapy did not affect the overall survival in stage II, III elderly colon cancer after surgical resection. There was the tendency to determine whether undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy according to chronologic age. It is thought to be necessary to perform a comprehensive geriatric assessment for decision of adjuvant chemotherapy in elderly patients.
Aged* ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Colon* ; Colonic Neoplasms* ; Comorbidity ; Demography ; Diagnosis ; Fluorouracil ; Geriatric Assessment ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors*

PURPOSE: This study analyzed the correlation between grade point average (GPA) of medical school and the score of Korean Medical Licensing Examination (KMLE). METHODS: This study based on the results of 67th KMLE applicants who graduated from a college of medicine in 2003. We also gathered data of these applicants from the college of medicine: gender, age, type of entrance, GPA of basic medicine, clinical medicine, clinical clerkships and final test scores. We analyzed whether there was discrimination between achievement of KMLE passed and that of KMLE failed, which of variables affected the results of KMLE. RESULTS: 173 applicants passed KMLE among 189. There were significant correlations between basic medicine, clinical medicine, final test score and the score of KMLE (respective p-value; < 0.0001). There were also significant differences of GPA between KMLE passed applicants and failed. Final test scores were the most correlated with those of KMLE. If the GPA of 2nd grade was below 2.5 and the GPA of 3rd year grade was below 2.3, they was a high-risk group for failing KMLE (sensitivity 100%, specificity 90%). CONCLUSION: There were significant correlations between the GPA of medical school and the score of KMLE, and significant differences between KMLE passed applicants and failed. A high-risk group of failing KMLE was the students that the GPA of 2nd grade was below 2.5 and the GPA of 3rd grade was below 2.3.
Clinical Medicine ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Humans ; Licensure* ; Schools, Medical* ; Sensitivity and Specificity

The incidence of adverse toxic reactions to immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors is 2-10% in the respiratory system and 3.9% to 12% in the neurologic system. The severity of adverse effects increases when combined immunotherapeutic agents are administered.Current Concepts: In cases of high-grade toxicity, it is important to discontinue immunotherapy immediately. In cases of grade 3 to 4 toxicity, immunosuppressive corticosteroid therapy is the first-line treatment. Short-term steroid treatment does not affect anti-tumor efficacy. It is thus necessary to use steroids for an appropriate period then carefully taper the steroid dose to prevent recurrence. If no improvement is achieved within 48-72 hours after the administration of steroids, it is essential to initiate multidisciplinary treatment involving related departments and add immunosuppressive drugs. If the patient is administrated immunotherapy again, it may be necessary to permanently discontinue the immunotherapy depending on the toxicity grade that first occurred.Discussion and Conclusion: The primary goals for effective management of immunotherapy-related adverse events are early recognition of symptoms and immediate treatment.