This paper introduces the troponin, a new gold standard for diagnosis of myocardial infarction and role of troponin in other diseases. The authors introduced also some new standards for diagnosis of the myocardial infarction such as cut-off value, isoenzyme CK-MB, GOT, myoglobin and LDH
Troponin ; Cardiomyopathies ; Infarction ; diagnosis ; Myocardial Infarction

We have a step backwards in comparing with the previous 40 years in the education and the organization of medical laboratory examination. While our equipment and techniques have got new great success and the needs have increased. Typically, in clinical briefing, laboratory doctors and technicians have been always absent, it seems that it is due to the leak of a deep knowledge and a large skill of laboratory. Therefore their roles were reduced. An improvement in the programm of formation of laboratory doctors and experts with various branches: biochemia, hematology, blood perfusion was recommend
Outpatient Clinics, Hospital ; Technology, Medical ; Laboratories ; diagnosis ;

Disease produce cancer is quite complicated. Cancer arise and develope by the disorder of growth control function and disorder of sucidal cells process, the forming artery, metastasis and a sudden mutation of gene. Mainly factors that produce cancer are caused by genetic factor, life style and enviromental factors. These ones influence mutually. Currently, diagnosis of cancer are often late. Some tumor markers are used for prediction of cancer. Some evidences on early detective value of metastasis cancer in some cancer gene tests in tissue and blood by using RT-PCR
Molecular Biology ; Neoplasms ; Tumor Markers, Biological

The great progresses of molecular biology also contribute to find out basic multisided of disease formed cancer. The main marks of molecular tumor are: pregene tumor, gene tumor, gene-inhibition tumor, telemerase, and survivin, acid nucleic. Molecular tumor are based for some new therapy methods to cure cancer: gene therapy, immune therapy, prevent of tumor growing up and penetrate tumor cells
Molecular Biology ; Neoplasms ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal

The development of molecular biology help to clearly understand about pathophysiological mechanisms of diabetes mellitus are due to genetic factors and life environment. The diabetes divided up: type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and other types. In 1999, American Diabetes Association and WHO advanced a new classification, following: type A (type 1 diabetes), type B (type 2 diabetes), type C (MODY - onset in young adult), type D (diabetes at pregnancy and tolerated glucose disorders in pregnancy)
Diabetes Mellitus ; Diabetes Complications ; Molecular Biology ; Knowledge

Heart functions are not only blood pump but also endocrine, through discovery of diuretic peptids that helping excretion of sodium (natriuretic peptids) released by heart muscle. And very quickly, there was an explosion of studies about the values of these hormones in the diagnosis and management of some cardiovascular diseases, especially congestive heart failure (by nature there wasn’t any biochemical test) in the early 21st century
Hormones ; Heart Failure ; diagnosis ; heart

The excellent achievement of encoding human gene strongly impacted not only to medicine but also pharmacy. Based on knowledge of human genome, one new speciality appears in pharmacy, it is Pharmacogenomics, studies in the effects and side-effects of drugs, and finds out the new produce methods based on gene. The main technologies in Pharmacogenomics are molecular biotechnology, gene technology, molecular enzyme, especially SNPs technique. Pharmacogenomics gained many important achievements in improving of drug effects, especially drugs for treating of neuropathy and cardiovascular diseases, in studying drug resistance of bacteria, virus. Targets are 'personalized pharmacy' to produce, provide for each patient drug that appropriate to his genome in order to optimize drug effects, minimally or completely reduce side-effects
Pharmacogenetics ; Genome ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ;

XXIst century - a biological century follows by the last decade of XXth century - a computer age. During many decades of rapid scientific development, a new scientific branch was born and grew up too fast, it is bioinformatics. However, the concept and application of bioinformatics isn't known widely. So, in this article, author introduced concept bioinformatics and its applications in biotechnology, medicine and pharmacy, forensic biology
Computational Biology ; History, 21st Century ; Computers

In Trang An polyclinics in Ha Noi, with ELISA technique, 35 healthy people (27 female aged 20-38, 8 male aged 25-37) undergone an examination of serum CA153-3 and 31 other healthy people (17 female aged 21-38, 14 male aged 22-41) an examination of resum CA125. The technique is complicated needing precaution and accuracy; for each examination, it is recommended a standard graphic with a standard sample determined antigen concentration. CA15-3 normal concentration is 2.37-18.17 U/ml, and CA125 is 7.17-38.37 U/ml
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; methods ; serum

Immunology plays an important role in prevention, discovery, diagnosis and treatment. There are 4 major immunological techniques including ELISA (enzyme linked immuno-sorbent assay), ICA (immuno-chromatography assay), GLORIA (gold labeled optical read rapid immunoassay) and MCIA (membrane capture immunoassay). These techniques with the simple test devices such as test paper, test stick, test cassette provided the rapid results. The immunological techniques have been applying in emergency tests (myocardial infection, embolism, thrombosis, and occlusion), infection viral infection, allergy, cancer and drug abuse
Immunology ; Immunoassay ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay