The variations of total cholesterol level of the cerebrospinal fluids were investigated in 28 cases of meningeal diseases in children(15cases of tuberculous meningitis and 13cases of purulent meningitis) and 10 cases of healthy children as control. 1. The cholesterol was not detectable in the cerebrospinal fluids of the healthy children. 2. On admission, the stage II of tuberculous meningitis showed slightly increased level of total cholesterol in cerebrospinal fluids(12.37.5mg%), whereas, Stage III of tuberculous meningitis showed markedly Increased level of total cholesterol in cerebrospinal fluids. (33.910.2mg%). 3. The purulent meningitis showed slightly increased Ievel of total cholesterol in cerebrospinal fluids(11.57.1mg%) on admission. 4. In 8 fatal cases of patients due to meningitis(5 cases of tuberculous meningitis and 3 cases of purulent meningitis), the reexamined total cholesterol level in cerebrospinal fluids have more increased than that admission. 5. On admission, the total cholesterol level of meningitis in cerebrospinal fluid was not correlation to other laboratory datas(total cholesterol level, cell count, sugar and protein levels in cerebrospinal fluid).
Cell Count ; Cerebrospinal Fluid* ; Child* ; Cholesterol* ; Humans ; Meningitis* ; Tuberculosis, Meningeal

PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness of pulmonary function test for the prediction of successful weaning and extubation from the ventilator in very low birth weight(VLBW) infants with chronic lung disease. METHODS: This study included 15 VLBW infants(<1,500 g) with chronic lung disease who were admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Samsung Medical Center from July, 1995 to June, 1996. They had extubation failure more than one time. This study was performed by reviewing of patients records retrospectively. The extubation criteria were based on clinical status, ABGA profiles and ventilatory parameters. At the time of last extubation failure and final success, we analyzed the distribution of age and weight of infants, ventilator profiles, ABGA profiles, dynamic and static pulmonary function test profiles measured by Bicore CP-100R from the infant with ventilator assistance daily in line monitoring. The paired T-test and linear logistic regression analysis were used to compare the variables between the evets of extubation failure and success. RESULTS: At the time of successful extubation, expiratory airway resistance was significantly lower and minute volume was significantly higher in dynamic pulmonary function test and respiratory system resistance was significantly lower in static pulmonary function test(P<0.05). In ventilator parameter, Fi02 and respiratory rate were lower at successful extubation(P<0.05). No statistically significant differences in ABGA profiles were seen between unsuccessful and successful extubation. CONCLUSION: The pulmonary function test is a useful predictor for successful weaning and extubation in VLBW infants with chronic lung disease. Among various parameters of pulmonary function test, expiratory airway resistance, minute ventilation and respiratory system resistance are suggested as successful weaning parameters.
Airway Resistance ; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ; Humans ; Infant* ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight* ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; Logistic Models ; Lung Diseases* ; Lung* ; Parturition ; Respiratory Function Tests* ; Respiratory Rate ; Respiratory System ; Retrospective Studies ; Ventilation ; Ventilators, Mechanical ; Weaning*

BACKGROUND: Since the bioavailability of itraconazole capsule is influenced by patients gastric acidity, it results in treatment failure due to its low dissolution and subsequent low absorption when administered in fasting. Itraconazole Melt-Extrusion tablet has been lately developed in order to improve its dissolution profile. It is the first clinical study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of itraconazole Melt-Extrusion tablet in Korea. OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of itraconazole melt-extrusion tablet 400mg daily for 1 week(pulse therapy) for hyperkeratotic type of tinea pedis and manus. METHODS: A clinical and mycological investigation was made of 812 outpatients with hyperkeratotic type of tinea pedis and/or tinea manus who had visited at 52 general hospitals under the lead of the Korean Dermatological Association from June to December, 1998. Patients confirmed by clinically and microscopically as hyperkeratotic type of tinea pedis and/or tinea manus were administered 2 tablets twice a day for one week and followed up for 8 weeks from the start of the medication. RESULTS: The results were summarized as follows; 1. Clinical symptoms of hyperkeratotic type of tinea pedis and/or tinea mauns were significantly improved at the end of study, week 8(p<0.001). 2. Clinical response rate, defined as more than 50% decrease of the sum of the clinical symptom scores, was 79.3%(512/646). 3. Mycological cure rate, dafined as both culture and KOH negative at week 8, was 78.2%(244 /312). 4. 40(5.5%) patients, of the 727 patients evaluable for drug safety evaluation, were reported to have adverse event. CONCLUSION: Itraconazole Melt-Extrusion tablet 400mg/day for 1 week (pulse therapy) is effective and safe in the treatment of hyperkeratotic type of tinea pedis and/or tinea manus.
Absorption ; Biological Availability ; Fasting ; Gastric Acid ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Itraconazole* ; Korea ; Outpatients ; Tablets ; Tinea Pedis* ; Tinea* ; Treatment Failure