2.Effect of combined exposure to organic solvents in oil paint on health of painters.
Qiang TAN ; Chunhui GU ; Litong LU ; Songgen CHEN ; Wenfeng ZENG ; Yiming LIU
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases 2014;32(4):276-279
Adult
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Female
;
Humans
;
Male
;
Occupational Exposure
;
adverse effects
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Organic Chemicals
;
adverse effects
;
Paint
;
adverse effects
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Solvents
;
adverse effects
4.Trichloroethylene Hypersensitivity Syndrome: A Disease of Fatal Outcome.
Hyun Gul JUNG ; Hyung Hun KIM ; Bong Gun SONG ; Eun Jin KIM
Yonsei Medical Journal 2012;53(1):231-235
Trichloroethylene is commonly used as an industrial solvent and degreasing agent. The clinical features of acute and chronic intoxication with trichloroethylene are well-known and have been described in many reports, but hypersensitivity syndrome caused by trichloroethylene is rarely encountered. For managing patients with trichloroethylene hypersensitivity syndrome, avoiding trichloroethylene and initiating glucocorticoid have been generally accepted. Generally, glucocorticoid had been tapered as trichloroethylene hypersensitivity syndrome had ameliorated. However, we encountered a typical case of trichloroethylene hypersensitivity syndrome refractory to high dose glucocorticoid treatment. A 54-year-old Korean man developed jaundice, fever, red sore eyes, and generalized erythematous maculopapular rashes. A detailed history revealed occupational exposure to trichloroethylene. After starting intravenous methylprednisolone, his clinical condition improved remarkably, but we could not reduce prednisolone because his liver enzyme and total bilirubin began to rise within 2 days after reducing prednisolone under 60 mg/day. We recommended an extended admission for complete recovery, but the patient decided to leave the hospital against medical advice. The patient visited the emergency department due to pneumonia and developed asystole, which did not respond to resuscitation.
Dermatitis, Occupational/*etiology
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Fatal Outcome
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Humans
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Hypersensitivity/*etiology
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Male
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Middle Aged
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Occupational Exposure/*adverse effects
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Solvents/*toxicity
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Trichloroethylene/*toxicity
5.Influence of solvent and drug preparation time on Shuanghuanglian injections induce pseudo-allergic reaction.
Yan YI ; Ai-hua LIANG ; Chun-ying LI ; Yu-shi ZHANG ; Yong ZHAO ; Jia-yin HAN ; Yu-ting LU
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2015;40(14):2723-2726
Choosing the right solvent and timely use is the basis of rational drug use and the most direct and efficient way to improve the safety of traditional Chinese medicine injections. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of solvent and drug preparation time on Shuanghuanglian injection inducing pseudo-allergic reactions with mouse mode. The two tests were carried out: (1) Comparative experiment between different solvent: Shuanghuanglian injection preparation to the appropriate concentration with 0.9% sodium chloride injection and 5% dextrose injection, mixed with Evans blue, at one time intravenous injected into mice, 30 minutes later, the mouse ears vascular permeability were observed and compared. (2) Comparative experiment among different preparation time: placed 10 min, 2.5 h, 6 h and 24 h after Shuanghuanglian injection were prepared and then to detect the pseudo-allergic reactions in mice using the same methods as in (1). The results showed that there was no significant difference in the pseudo-allergic reactions in mice which induced by the same dose of Shuanghuanglian injection, respectively with 0.9% sodium chloride injection and 5% dextrose injection preparation, and with the extension of preparation time, the degree of pseudo-allergic reactions of Shuanghuanglian injection was gradually severe.
Animals
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Drug Compounding
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Drug Hypersensitivity
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etiology
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Drugs, Chinese Herbal
;
adverse effects
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Injections
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Male
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred ICR
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Solvents
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Time Factors
6.Randomized clinical trial of an ethanol extract of Ganoderma lucidum in men with lower urinary tract symptoms.
Masanori NOGUCHI ; Tatsuyuki KAKUMA ; Katsuro TOMIYASU ; Akira YAMADA ; Kyogo ITOH ; Fumiko KONISHI ; Shoichiro KUMAMOTO ; Kuniyoshi SHIMIZU ; Ryuichiro KONDO ; Kei MATSUOKA
Asian Journal of Andrology 2008;10(5):777-785
AIMTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of an extract of Ganoderma lucidum that shows the strongest 5alpha-reductase inhibitory activity among the extracts of 19 edible and medicinal mushrooms by a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized and dose-ranging study in men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).
METHODSIn this trial, we randomly assigned 88 men over the age of 49 years who had slight-to-moderate LUTS to 12 weeks of treatment with G. lucidum extract (6 mg once a day) or placebo. The primary outcome measures were changes in the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and variables of uroflowmetry. Secondary outcome measures included changes in prostate size, residual urinary volume after voiding, laboratory values and the reported adverse effects.
RESULTSG. lucidum was effective and significantly superior to placebo for improving total IPSS with 2.1 points decreasing at the end of treatment (mean difference, -1.18 points; 95% confidence interval, -1.74 to -0.62; P < 0.0001). No changes were observed with respect to quality of life scores, peak urinary flow, mean urinary flow, residual urine, prostate volume, serum prostate-specific antigen or testosterone levels. Overall treatment was well tolerated with no severe adverse effects.
CONCLUSIONThe extract of G. lucidum was well tolerated and improved IPSS scores. These results encouraged a further, large-scale evaluation of phytotherapy for a long duration using the extract of G. lucidum on men with LUTS.
Aged ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Ethanol ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Placebos ; Reishi ; Solvents ; Treatment Outcome ; Urination Disorders ; drug therapy ; Urodynamics ; drug effects
7.An Unusual Type of Acute Renal Failure due to Extensive Crystal Deposition in the Renal Tubular Epithelium and Interstitium: A Case Report.
Ja Seung KOO ; Eunah SHIN ; Shin Woo KANG ; Hyeon Joo JEONG
Korean Journal of Pathology 2004;38(5):337-340
Acute tubular necrosis is a major cause of acute renal failure. Acute renal failure that is caused by crystal deposition can result from drug toxicity, lymphoplasmacytic neoplasms, ingestion of industrial organic solvents, or intratubular obstruction due to degenerated red blood cells and red blood cell casts. We herein present an uncommon case of acute renal failure in a 57-year-old woman showing an unusually massive accumulation of variable-sized, round, ellipsoid or rhomboid, pale-pink, refractile bodies in the proximal and distal tubular epithelial cells, interstitial macrophages and Bowman's spaces. These bodies were electron dense with a maximum diameter of 3 micrometer. The information we gathered from the patient history, the laboratory data and the various histochemical and immunohistochemical analyses failed to reveal the exact nature of these crystal-like structures.
Acute Kidney Injury*
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Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
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Eating
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Epithelial Cells
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Epithelium*
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Erythrocytes
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Female
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Humans
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Macrophages
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Middle Aged
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Necrosis
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Renal Insufficiency
;
Solvents
8.Usefulness of Color Vision Test for Early Detection of Neurological Damages by Neurotoxic Substances.
Eun Hee LEE ; Kyungho CHOI ; Hong Jae CHAE ; Domyung PAEK
Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health 2008;41(6):397-406
This paper reviews the published literature that is concerned with color vision impairment from industrial and environmental exposure to neurotoxic substances, and we evaluated whether testing for color vision impairment could be an affordable procedure for assessing these neurotoxic effects. In general, most cases of congenital color vision impairment are red-green, and blue-yellow impairment is extremely rare. However, most of the acquired color vision impairment that is related to age, alcohol or environmental factors is blue-yellow impairment. Therefore, many studies have been performed to identify this relationship between exposure to neurotoxic substances, such as organic solvents and heavy metals, and the prevalence of blueyellow color vision impairment. The test for color vision impairment is known to be very sensitive to the early signs of nervous system dysfunction and this can be useful for making the early diagnosis of neurotoxic effects from exposure to very low concentrations of toxic substances.
*Color Perception Tests
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Color Vision Defects/*chemically induced/diagnosis
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Early Diagnosis
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Hazardous Substances/*toxicity
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Humans
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Neurotoxicity Syndromes/*diagnosis/pathology
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Solvents/adverse effects
9.Ethanol Embolotherapy of Pelvic Arteriovenous Malformations: an Initial Experience.
Sooho BAE ; Young Soo DO ; Sung Wook SHIN ; Kwang Bo PARK ; Dong Ik KIM ; Young Wook KIM ; Sung Ki CHO ; Sung Wook CHOO ; In Wook CHOO
Korean Journal of Radiology 2008;9(2):148-154
OBJECTIVE: We retrospectively assessed the results of performing ethanol embolization for pelvis arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: During the past 10 years, eight patients (8 females, age range: 27-52 years) with AVMs in the pelvic wall (n = 3) and uterus (n = 5) underwent staged ethanol embolizations (range: 1-5, mean: 2.5) under general anesthesia. Ethanol embolization was performed by the use of the transcatheter and/or direct puncture techniques. Clinical follow-up was performed for all of the patients, and imaging follow-up was available for seven patients. The therapeutic outcomes were established by evaluating the clinical outcome of the signs and symptoms, as well as the degree of devascularization observed on post-procedural angiography. RESULTS: During the 20 sessions of ethanol embolization, the solitary transarterial approach was used 14 times, the transvenous approach was used three times and direct puncture was used once. For two patients, the transarterial and transvenous or direct puncture approaches were used together in one session. For four patients, ethanol and coils were used as embolic agents, and n-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) and ethanol were used in one patient. Seven (88%) of eight patients were cured of their AVMs and one patient (12%) displayed improvement. Major complications were seen in two patients (25%). CONCLUSION: Ethanol embolization is effective for the treatment of pelvic arteriovenous malformations, though there is a chance of a major complication.
Adult
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Arteriovenous Malformations/*therapy
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Embolization, Therapeutic/adverse effects/*methods
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Enbucrilate/administration & dosage
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Ethanol/administration & dosage
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Female
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Humans
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Middle Aged
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Pelvis/*blood supply
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Retrospective Studies
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Solvents/administration & dosage
;
Tissue Adhesives/administration & dosage
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Uterus/*blood supply
10.Subacute oral toxicity study of ethanolic leaves extracts of Strobilanthes crispus in rats.
Kean Tatt LIM ; Vuanghao LIM ; Jin Han CHIN
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012;2(12):948-952
OBJECTIVETo examine the oral toxicity of repeated dosing of Strobilanthes crispus (S. crispus) ethanol leaves extract on the liver and kidney functions in Sprague Dawley rats.
METHODSYoung female rats aged between 8 and 12 week-old were randomly assigned into four groups with five animals each group (n=5). The first group served as control, while the second, third and fourth groups were orally treated with a single dose daily with 150 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, and 600 mg/kg of S. crispus ethanol leaves extract for 14 d consecutively. Cage-side observation was conducted for first 4 h after each dosing. The body weight changes, food consumptions and water intake were also recorded. Serum biochemical parameters, i.e., aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, creatinine and urea were determined at Day 15. All results were expressed as mean±SD and analysed using Dunnett's test.
RESULTSIt was obtained that 14-day oral administration of S. crispus ethanol leaves extract did not cause any adverse effects or lethality to the female Sprague Dawley rats. No significant changes in serum biochemical parameters, relative organs weights, body weights, food intake and water consumptions were observed between the treatment groups and control.
CONCLUSIONSIn conclusion, 14-day oral administration of S. crispus ethanol leaves extract was safe to be consumed in female rats without affecting the liver and kidney functions.
Acanthaceae ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Ethanol ; pharmacology ; Female ; Kidney ; drug effects ; pathology ; Liver ; drug effects ; pathology ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Phytotherapy ; adverse effects ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Solvents ; pharmacology