1.Expressions of p53 and MIB-1 in Glandular Lesions of the Uterine Cervix.
Seo Young PARK ; Mee Young SOL ; Hye Kyoung YOON
Korean Journal of Pathology 1999;33(8):589-595
The glandular lesions of the uterine cervix can be classified into endocervical glandular dysplasia (EGD), adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) and adenocarcinoma, but the diagnostic criteria and the continuity of endocervical glandular lesions are still controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the significance of immunohistochemical findings of p53 and MIB-1 in the discrimination and the continuity of EGD, AIS and adenocarcinoma. The materials for the study included 11 cases of adenocarcinoma, 7 cases of AIS, 12 cases of high grade EGD, and 19 cases of low grade EGD. Also included were eleven benign glandular lesions (5 cases of tuboendometrial metaplasia, 3 cases of mesonephric remnant, 3 cases of microglandular hyperplasia). A strong reaction of more than 5% of the glandular epithelial nuclei was interpreted as positive for p53 protein. MIB-1 expression was analyzed semiquantitatively as negative, 1 , 2 , 3 , depending on the percentage of positive nuclei (less than 1%, 1~9%, 10~39%, > or = 40%, respectively). p53 protein expression was found in 3 (27.3%) out of 11 cases of adenocarcinoma, and 2 (28.6%) out of 7 cases of AIS. But all of high and low grade EGD cases were negative. High MIB-1 labelling index (> or =10%) was found in all adenocarcinoma cases and in 3 (42.9%) out of 7 cases of AIS. But only 2 (17.7%) out of 12 cases of high grade EGD showed high MIB-1 labelling index, and all of low grade EGD and benign lesions showed negligible MIB-1 positivities. In summary, MIB-1 labelling index might be valuable in the discrimination of malignant glandular lesions and endocervical glandular dysplasia from benign lesions, but p53 expression could be a useful parameter in the discrimination of malignant glandular lesions from endocervical glandular dysplasia and benign lesions.
Adenocarcinoma
;
Cervix Uteri*
;
Discrimination (Psychology)
;
Female
;
Metaplasia
2.The Value of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen as a Predictor of Nodal Metastasis in Cervical Cancer.
Chang Soo PARK ; Hyeong Kweon KO ; Gi Joo KANG ; Man Soo YOON ; Mee Young SOL
Korean Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2000;43(3):418-422
OBJECTIVE: The clinical value of preoperative serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen(SCC) in relation to clinical stage, tumor volume, disease extent and prognosis has already reported in many papers. The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship between preoperative SCC level and pelvic lymph node metastasis. Matrials and METHODS: From March 1995 to December 1998, 157 patients who examined pretreatment SCC levels before undergoing radical hysterectomy for squamous cell carcinoma of uterine cervix were included. The effect of pelvic lymph node status on the SCC level was examined by comparing 125 cases with cancer limited uterus or upper vagina and 32 cases with cancer confined to the uterus (including upper vagina) and pelvic lymph node using multivariate analysis. RESULTS: 90% of patients without pelvic lymph node metastasis showed SCC levels of 2.9ng/ml or below. 60.7% of patients with serum SCC level more than 2.9ng/ml exhibited pelvic lymph node metastasis. The marker values exceeding 2.9ng/ml increased risk of nodal metastasis 5 times compared with serum level 2.9ng/ml or below. Multivariate analysis confirmed that the pelvic lymph node metastasis had a large impact on the marker level than did tumor size or depth of stromal infilteration. CONCLUSION: SCC levels greater than 2.9ng/ml can be considered a high risk zone for nodal metastasis
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell*
;
Cervix Uteri
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Hysterectomy
;
Lymph Nodes
;
Multivariate Analysis
;
Neoplasm Metastasis*
;
Prognosis
;
Tumor Burden
;
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*
;
Uterus
;
Vagina
3.A Study on Expression Pattern of p53, Rb Gene and Apoptosis in Ovarian Epithelial Borderline Tumors and Invasive Carcinoma.
Myeong Wan HA ; Hyeong Kweon KO ; Gi Joo KANG ; Man Soo YOON ; Mee Young SOL
Korean Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2000;43(3):407-413
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of tumor suppressor genes, p53 and Rb gene, as well as apoptosis in the carcinogenesis of ovarian epithelial tumors. And the value of these factors as prognostic markers to tell the transformation of borderline tumors to overt carcinomas is also studied. METHOD: Thirty cases of ovarian epithelial benign and borderline tumors and invasive carcinoma were used and the expression of the p53 protein and Rb gene protein were evaluated by immunohistochemical method. The apoptosis was evaluated by TUNNEL method. RESULTS: Positive rate of p53 expression in benign, borderline and invasive tumors were 0, 28, and 94 %, respectively. And also, p53 was highly expressed in chemoresistant cases (2/3), in residual tumor (4/5) and in recurred cancer (2/2). Rb protein was partly lost in the borderline tumors, but the rate of Rb protein loss in both borderline tumors and invasive carcinomas were similar. Apoptosis were more active in overt carcinomas than in borderline and benign tumors. In borderline tumors, p53 protein was expressed as 28.6% positivity, and apoptosis was expressed as 28.6% negativity, which showed indirectly that there was apoptosis induction effect of p53. In ten cases of invasive carcinomas showing highly expressed p53, apoptosis revealed all positive reaction except 2 cases, and Rb protein revealed variously. This result supported the apoptosis imduction effect of p53, but it was difficult to find the association of expression degree between the two tumor supressor genes CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the values of p53 is a discriminating factor of malignancy from benign and the expression of p53 is related with clinical aggressivity such as recurrence and residual cancers. Apoptosis are more active in overt carcinoma than in benign & borderline tumor, and in borderline tumor the expression of p53 is related to apoptosis induction which results to carcinomatous change.
Apoptosis*
;
Carcinogenesis
;
Genes, Retinoblastoma*
;
Genes, Tumor Suppressor
;
Neoplasm, Residual
;
Recurrence
;
Retinoblastoma Protein
4.A Study on Expression of p53 Protein according to Histologic Types, Degree of Malignancy and Differentiation of the Ovarian Surface Epithelial Tumors.
Young Ju KIM ; Mi Yeong JEON ; Hye Kyoung YOON ; Mi Young SOL
Korean Journal of Pathology 1996;30(12):1099-1105
p53 gene alterations in the ovarian cancers are regarded as early events in the whole process of carcinogenesis. This study is intended to compare p53 protein expression rate in the ovarian surface epithelial tumors according to histologic types, degree of malignancy and differentiation. 134 cases of ovarian epithelial tumors including 26 cases of serous cystadenoma, 7 cases of serous borderline malignancy, 15 cases of serous cystadenocarcinoma, 40 cases of mucinous cystadenoma, 21 cases of mucinous borderline malignancy, 20 cases of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, 4 cases of endometrioid carcinoma, and 1 case of clear cell carcinoma were studied. Immunohistochemistry using monoclonal p53 antibody(DO-7) was applied to the routine formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue. The results were as follows; 1. No immunohistochemical positivity of p53 protein was found in all 66 cases of benign serous and mucinous tumors studied. 2. There was no significant difference of p53 protein expression between serous and mucinous malignant tumors. 3. The expression rate of p53 protein exhibited a statistically significant difference between borderline(42%) and malignant(74%) ovarian surface epithelial tumors (p<0.05). 4. The expression rate of p53 protein of poorly differentiated carcinomas(100%) was higher than those of moderately (88%) and well differentiated carcinomas(60%), but there was no statistical significance. In summary, p53 protein expression might be a good indicator of malignant transformation of the ovarian surface epithelial tumors.
Ovarian Neoplasms
;
Genes, p53
5.Microvessel Density and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression in Invasive Breast Carcinomas.
Mi Yeong JEON ; Mee Young SOL ; Kyung Sun PARK ; Hye Kyoung YOON
Korean Journal of Pathology 2000;34(2):138-144
Angiogenesis is essential for tumor growth and metastasis, however, the prognostic value of neovascularization is undetermined. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prognostic significance of microvessel density (MVD) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in breast carcinomas. An immunohistochemical stains for CD 31 (DAKO) to estimate MVD and VEGF (Santa Cruz) were done on 40 cases of invasive breast carcinoma. MVD was calculated as an average count of vessels per 200 power field in the most vascularized areas. VEGF expression was interpreted according to staining intensity and number of positive cells. Mean MVD was 35, and MVD was not correlated with lymph node metastasis or histologic grade, but high MVD (mean MVD>35) showed an increasing tendency in cases with larger size, negative ER/PR, and positive cathepsin D. All of the cases showed VEGF expression, but VEGF expression was not correlated with tumor size, histologic grade, lymph node metastasis, ER/PR status, and cathepsin D expression. These results suggest that MVD and VEGF expressions are not reliable prognostic factors.
Breast Neoplasms*
;
Breast*
;
Cathepsin D
;
Coloring Agents
;
Lymph Nodes
;
Microvessels*
;
Neoplasm Metastasis
;
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A*
6.A Case of Vulvar Paget's Disease Associated with Adenocarcinoma Occurred in Young Woman.
Youn Seok CHOI ; Eui Sok SOL ; So Yoon PARK ; Tae Sung LEE
Korean Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2003;46(6):1213-1217
Extramammary Pagets disease of the vulva is an uncommon vulvar neoplasm with a high rate of recurrence. We report a young woman in whom vulval Paget's disease occurred in association with local adenocarcinoma. The patient presented at the age of 28 years with slowly growing vulval mass which had some mucoid discharge. Biopsy of the mass showed Paget's disease with associated local adenocarcinoma. This patient received modified radical vulvectomy with unilateral inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy. Until now she is under follow up without evidence of recurrence for 24 months. According to our medline research from 1980 to 2000, this case is the youngest asian patient yet recorded. We recommend that abnormally growing vulvar mass need to be biopsied eventhough she is young.
Adenocarcinoma*
;
Asian Continental Ancestry Group
;
Biopsy
;
Female
;
Follow-Up Studies
;
Humans
;
Lymph Node Excision
;
Paget Disease, Extramammary
;
Recurrence
;
Vulva
;
Vulvar Neoplasms
7.A Case of Grisel’s Syndrome Following Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy
Ye-Sol JUNG ; Yoon HEO ; Jun Yeon WON ; Woo Hyun LEE
Korean Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 2022;65(11):713-717
Grisel’s syndrome is a non-traumatic atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation for which the underlying mechanism has not yet been identified. It is known to occur following upper respiratory infections, tonsillitis, ear, nose, and throat (ENT) surgeries such as tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. The diagnosis of Grisel’s syndrome can be made by plain x-ray, CT scanning, and/or MRI scanning. The first choice of treatment is conservative therapy such as bed rest, muscle relaxation, analgesic therapy, antibiotics, and simple traction. While Grisel’s syndrome occurs rarely, delayed treatment may lead to neurological complications or requires surgical treatment. Early diagnosis and treatment are important in preventing fatal outcome. We report the case of a 9-year-old male who developed Grisel’s syndrome after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy.
8.Effects of Aging and Smoking Duration on Cigarette Smoke-Induced COPD Severity
Eun Jung KIM ; Seok Jun YOON ; Young Eun KIM ; Dun Sol GO ; Yunsun JUNG
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2019;34(Suppl 1):e90-
BACKGROUND:
Aging can serve as an underlying mechanism of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Also, smoking, which is the most common cause of COPD, is responsible for the systemic manifestations of the disease, independently from the lung function alterations. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of aging on the occurrence of cigarette smoking induced COPD.
METHODS:
For this analysis, we evaluated smoking status by a lifestyle intervention program and measured the occurrence of COPD by the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) from 2005 to 2015.
RESULTS:
Aging and smoking were significantly effected on the lung function of COPD patients. Especially, the smoking duration is exaggerated in the presence of old age for older COPD patients.
CONCLUSION
The result showed that COPD patients exhibit aging and smoking duration related severity. The prevalence of COPD kept increasing internationally. Knowing the risk factor of COPD quantitatively and finding out the interaction among risk factors could be valuable predictors for preventing COPD.
9.Histological Changes of the Intervertebral Disc with Intradiscal Steroid Injection.
Hyun Yoon KO ; Mee Young SOL ; Yong Beom SHIN ; Jae Heung PARK
Journal of the Korean Academy of Rehabilitation Medicine 2000;24(2):175-178
OBJECTIVE: To observe histological changes of the intervertebral disc injected with intradiscal steroid and mollification of discogenic pain. METHOD: A study group of 25 Sprague-Dawely rats was divided into five subgroups. A control group of 10 Sprague-Dawely rats was divided into five subgroups. The rats' intervertebral discs were exposed by an anterior surgical approach. For study group, the rats were injected intradiscally methylprednisolone acetate 4 mg (Depomedrol, 40 mg/ml) to the L4-L5 intervertebral disc, methylprednisolone sodium succinate 4 mg (Solumedrol, 40 mg/ml) to the L5-L6 intervertebral disc, and triamcinolone acetonide 4 mg (Triamcinolone, 40 mg/ml) to the L6-S1 intervertebral disc. For control group, the rats were injected intradiscally 0.1 ml of saline to the L5-L6 intervertebral disc and a needle was inserted in the L6-S1 intervertebral disc. The intervertebral discs were extracted after 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, and 16 weeks. The extracted intervertebral discs were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin and examined histomorphometrically. RESULTS: There is no significant histological change in either group until 4 weeks after the different types of steroid were injected. Focal fibrotic change was present in the Solumedrol and Triamcinolone injection subgroups after 16 weeks. CONCLUSION: We concluded that rapid mollification of discogenic pain following intradiscal steroid injection may not result from histological change of the disc. Further biochemical study will be neccessary to clarify mollification mechanism of discogenic pain by intradiscal steroid injection.
Animals
;
Intervertebral Disc*
;
Methylprednisolone
;
Methylprednisolone Hemisuccinate
;
Needles
;
Rats
;
Triamcinolone
;
Triamcinolone Acetonide
10.What are the most important prognostic factors in patients with residual rectal cancer after preoperative chemoradiotherapy?
Sol Min KIM ; Ghilsuk YOON ; An Na SEO
Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine 2019;36(2):124-135
BACKGROUND: We aimed to establish robust histoprognostic predictors on residual rectal cancer after preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT).METHODS: Analyzing known histoprognostic factors in 146 patients with residual disease allows associations with patient outcome to be evaluated.RESULTS: The median follow-up time was 77.8 months, during which 59 patients (40.4%) experienced recurrence and 41 (28.1%) died of rectal cancer. On univariate analysis, residual tumor size, ypT category, ypN category, ypTNM stage, downstage, tumor regression grade, lymphatic invasion, perineural invasion, venous invasion, and circumferential resection margin (CRM) were significantly associated with recurrence free survival (RFS) or/and cancer-specific survival (CSS) (all p<0.005). On multivariate analysis, higher ypTNM stage and CRM positivity were identified as independent prognostic factors for RFS (ypTNM stage, p=0.024; CRM positivity, p<0.001) and CSS (p=0.022, p=0.017, respectively). Furthermore, CRM positivity was an independent predictor of reduced RFS and CSS, irrespective of subgrouping according to downstage (non-downstage, p<0.001 and p<0.001; downstage, p=0.002 and p=0.002) or lymph node metastasis (non-metastasis, p<0.001 and p=0.001; metastasis, p<0.001 and p<0.001).CONCLUSION: CRM status may be as powerful as ypTNM stage as a prognostic indicator for patient outcome in patients with residual rectal cancer after preoperative CRT.
Chemoradiotherapy
;
Follow-Up Studies
;
Humans
;
Lymph Nodes
;
Multivariate Analysis
;
Neoplasm Metastasis
;
Neoplasm, Residual
;
Prognosis
;
Rectal Neoplasms
;
Recurrence