City Planning ; Environment Design ; Environmental Exposure ; prevention & control ; Global Health ; Greenhouse Effect ; Humans ; Social Justice ; Urban Health ; Urbanization ; trends

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to develop a Web-based flash content for fighting spirit promotion and to test its effect on cancer patients' fighting spirit. METHODS: The 15-minute long Web-based flash content was developed using the following 5 process: analysis, planning, development, program operation and evaluation stages and utilized the multiple edition and revision processes from December 2005 to August 2006. The evaluation was done by one group pretest-posttest design. Study subjects were 17 cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. The group were received a 2-week intervention, a day weekly, and measured the variables at baseline, 4 weeks later. The study was performed from August 2006 to February 2007 at a cancer center in Korea. Fighting spirit was measured by Mini-MAC(Mental Adjustment to Cancer). Data was analysed by descriptive statistics and paired t-test using SAS 9.13 program. RESULTS: On the Web-based flash content, there are 4 menu bars that consisted of cancer diagnosis, symptom management, stress management, and cancer survivorship. The study group revealed significantly more fighting spirit than pre-test(t=-3.04, p=.008). CONCLUSION: This Web-based flash content can be utilized in psychosocial interventions for promoting fighting spirit in patients with cancer.
Humans ; Korea ; Phenothiazines ; Social Planning ; Survival Rate ; Surveys and Questionnaires

An educational application (App) called 'Children's Food Avatar' was developed in this study by using a food DB of nutrition and functionality from Rural Development Administration (RDA) as a smart-learning mobile device for elementary school students. This App was designed for the development of children's desirable dietary habits through an on-line activity of food choices for a meal from food DB of RDA provided as Green Water Mill guide. A customized avatar system was introduced as an element of fun and interactive animation for children which provides nutritional evaluation of selected foods by changing its appearance, facial look, and speech balloon, and consequently providing chances of correcting their food choices for balanced diet. In addition, nutrition information menu was included in the App to help children understand various nutrients, their function and healthy dietary life. When the App was applied to 54 elementary school students for a week in November, 2012, significant increases in the levels of knowledge, attitude and behavior in their diet were observed compared with those of the control group (p < 0.05, 0.01). Both elementary students and teachers showed high levels of satisfaction ranging from 4.30 to 4.89 for the App, therefore, it could be widely used for the dietary education for elementary school students as a smart-learning device.
Child ; Diet ; Food Habits ; Humans ; Meals ; Nutrition Policy ; Social Planning

PURPOSE: This study was a correlational research to examine the relationship between career plateau, career planning, social support and turnover intention experienced by nurses in the clinical nursing field. METHODS: Participants were 237 nurses working in general hospitals with 100~300 beds located in G Metropolitan City. Data were collected from September 26 to October 6, 2016, and analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 22.0 program. Descriptive statistics, independent t-test, univariate ANOVA, Scheffé test, correlation analysis, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis were conducted. RESULTS: Participants' turnover intention was positively correlated with career plateau (r=.38, p < .001), structural career plateau (r=.31, p < .001) and content plateau (r=.35, p < .001), but negatively correlated with social support (r=−.38, p < .001), supervisor support (r=−.36, p < .001), peer support (r=−.32, p < .001), and career planning (r=−.15, p=.043). Factors associated with participants' turnover intention were supervisor support (β=−.22, p=.006), structural career plateau (β=.19, p=.012), and content career plateau (β=.14, p=.047). CONCLUSION: Results suggest that structural career plateau, content career plateau, and supervisor support are related to nurses' turnover intention. To lower nurses' turnover intention, alternative ways must be developed to improve the structure of nursing organizations to address career plateau and establish an organizational culture that can be supported by supervisors.
Hospitals, General ; Intention ; Nursing ; Organizational Culture ; Personnel Turnover ; Social Planning

Recently the numbers of persons with disabilities and aged are rapidly increasing every year. And the scope of persons with disabilities is much more diversified. According to the recent report of the desire for the persons with disabilities, it is noted that medical rehabilitation service is most insufficient. But compared to the numbers and needs of persons with disabilities, the numbers of medical rehabilitation facilities are still much insufficient. The important factors to be considered in rehabilitation hospital are accessibility, comprehensiveness, quality, continuity and efficiency. In Korea, the current conditions of medical rehabilitation service are as follows: 1) increase of medical rehabilitation demand, 2) shortage of rehabilitation hospital beds, 3) insufficient medical rehabilitation insurance system, 4) absence of continuum care, 5) accessibility problem etc. Considering these aspects, the government is planning to build the regional rehabilitation center each district and meet the need for persons with disabilities by the second five-year plan of the welfare for persons with disabilities. Finally I suggest some a plans to establish medical service provision system for the disabled. First of all, regional rehabilitation center should be established in each province, so as to provide better and comprehensive medical services to the disabled. Second, medical services in public and private health sector should be expanded. Third, the need for the community rehabilitation committee that links the hospital and the community should be emphasized.
Disabled Persons* ; Humans ; Insurance ; Korea ; Rehabilitation Centers ; Rehabilitation* ; Social Planning

OBJECTIVETo analyze the current situation about Glycyrrhiza resources, summarize the research achievements on Glycyrrhiza relative industries, and indentify the importance of developing Glycyrrhiza industries to promote the three-dimensional rural economic development in the Three-North areas.

METHODLiteratures and documents were referred to, in combination with overview and analysis of the outcomes and achievements of our group.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONThe gap between supply and demand of resources is enlarged continuously. To develop high-quality Glycyrrhiza cultivation is the most powerful and effective measure to protect wild resources and the environment and promote the three-dimensional rural economic development in the Three-North areas.

The IS(Information System) strategic planning must be based on objectives and strategic planning of the organization. The IS strategic planning for a hospital is not different from other organizations. Perhaps it can be more important than other types of organizations. Hospitals possess unique characteristics which hinder implementation of the IS. Therefore when the objectives and the focus of IS are clear, the resources can be allocated effectively and integrated IS can be applied. This study will suggest general objectives and strategic planning of the hospital. Thereby we will propose the strategic planning and development planning model of IS for hospitals. Suppose that the objectives of a hospital are the quality service and effective costs reduction. To achieve these objectives we will propose the strategies such as procurement of qualified physician and personnel, maximization of productivity, maintenance of good services and comfortable environments, and redesign of business process. Thus strategic planning of IS for hospital organizations is established as the follows: 1. The objectives of the IS for a hospital are to monitor the outcome of medical services and hospital performance, and to deliver the doctor's order in order to provide the quality services to patients. Therefore the IS design strategy for the hospital should be planned to achieve these objectives. To establish these goals all hospital data should be computerized and the IS should be able to monitor the performance of the hospital. Direct dat input environment is essential for the system. 2. The direction of master plan of the IS for a hospital is the integrated system. The methods of approach for the integrated system is selected to cover the all primary data from medical services rather than functional units. 3. The objectives of development of medical service information system, first phase of master plan, include : on-line input and delivery system of all doctor's orders, inquiry about all test in any time at any places in the hospital, automated scheduling of nursing work at nurse station, hospital billing, and ancillary services. 4. In order to achieve the goal, CSFs(critical success factors) to be resolved are : doctors must enter their own orders, the employee consents to replace the manual paper work with IS, the system is maintained with rapid response even though peak time, many functions must be constructed in the short period. 5. Therefore development strategic planning of IS is suggested to maximize user's convenience, specially, for doctors, to apply several data servers with independent functions, and to introduce client-server system, and to use the commercial DBMS.
Commerce ; Efficiency ; Hospital Information Systems* ; Humans ; Information Systems ; Nursing ; Nursing Stations ; Social Change* ; Social Planning

Communicable Diseases ; therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phytotherapy ; Social Planning

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to develop a fatty acid database (DB) for estimation of intake levels of fatty acids in the Korean population, using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey (KNHANES). METHODS: Analytical values of fatty acids in foods were collected from food composition tables of national institutions (National Fisheries Research & Development Institute, Rural Development Administration), Japan Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, US Department of Agriculture, and journal articles that previously reported analytical fatty acid content of some Korean foods. The coverage of fatty acids was C14:0, C16:0, C18:0, C18:1, C18:2 n-6, C18:3 n-3, C20:5 n-3 (EPA), C22:6 n-3 (DHA), SFA, MUFA, and PUFA (n-3, n-6, n-9). The fatty acids DB covered a total of 5,144 food items used in the KNHANES nutrition survey. The food items were preferentially filled with analytical values of the collected data source. An analytical value for each food item was selected based on the priority criteria and the quality evaluation of data sources. Missing values were replaced with calculated or imputed values using the analytical values of similar food items from the data source. RESULTS: A total of 1,545 analytical values, 2,589 calculated values, and 1,010 imputed values were included in the fatty acid DB. The developed fatty acid DB was applied to 2,112 food items available for 2011 KNHANES data. Mean intake levels of total fatty acids and saturated fatty acids were 40.3 g/day and 13.2 g/day, respectively. The estimation of total fatty acid intake was 84.3% (men 83.2%, women 86.0%) of daily total fat intake. CONCLUSION: This newly developed fatty acid DB would be helpful in determining the association of fatty acids intake and related health concerns in the Korean population.
Agriculture ; Information Storage and Retrieval ; Education ; Fatty Acids* ; Female ; Fisheries ; Humans ; Japan ; Korea ; Nutrition Surveys* ; Social Planning ; Sports

The purposes of this study was to analyze the operational difference of foodservice center for homebound elderly by the presence of the dietitian. The questionnaire was developed to measure all variables for menu management and distributed to 103 meal service centers in charge of congregate meal service program and 57 centers for home-delivered meal service program. The data of 160 centers in charge of congregate meal service and home-delivered service centers were usable for analysis. Statistical data analysis was completed using the SAS 8.1 package program for descriptive analysis and chi-square test. Only 21.9% meal service centers had dietitians, what is more, they were not professionals who did menu management but foodservice managers, volunteers, cook or social workers. The current foodservice programs for the homebound elderly were operated without professional. In the part of menu managemet, dietitians were more actively involved in menu planning in the elderly foodservice center in the presence of the dietitians. The performance level of healthcare service was not significantly different, but the nutrition education in the elderly foodservice center with the dietitians was more frequently performed than that without the dietitians(p<0.05). In the food purchasing and food production management, the significant differences were shown that in the elderly foodservice centers in the presence of the dietitians, the proportion of the contract purchasing was significantly higher than that of direct purchasing(p<0.01). In food sanitary management, the significant differences were not shown in the part of management of keeping meal for identifying the cause of food-borne illness and left-over, but the sanitation education for the foodservice employees was performed more frequently by the presence of the dietitians(p<0.01). In conclusion, the foodservice management was more systematically conducted in the elderly foodservice centers in the presence of the dietitians than that without dietitians. The elderly foodservice program has offered the health-related support for homebound elderly. Although there were several problems in elderly foodservice management, the program delivered well-targeted, effective, and efficient nutrition services and wide range of supportive service to the at-risk older population. It needs to be managed by professional for the improvement in the elderly foodservice.
Aged* ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Delivery of Health Care ; Education ; Humans ; Meals ; Menu Planning ; Nutritionists* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Sanitation ; Social Workers ; Volunteers