The Korean Journal of Medical History published in 1992 provides spaces for publication to medical historians who have been growing increasingly since the 1990s, thereby stimulating studies in the modern history of medicine in Korea. Through research published in the Korean Journal of Medical History and other journals, the course through which medicine in Korea in the modern times has been formed and the content of medicine that composed that course are elucidated. This article concludes that the various research tend to posit the view that the modern history of medicine in Korea evolves through a process of accommodation with Western medicine rather than being a complete transplantation of Western medicine, and describes medicine as it is viewed by consumers rather than the operators of medicine. How government power or colonial power utilized medicine in order to stabilize their rule is also a common theme. Now, it is come time to interrogate the viewpoints and analytical methods of medical history studies. Given that medicine is one area that drives changes in Korea in contemporary times, the outcomes obtained through this field can be sufficiently utilized when studying other areas. For instance, agony over the modernity of missionary medicine being studied recently provides meaningful implications in understanding the modernity of Korea. However, the importance of substantiation should not be overlooked as theories not supported by thorough documentary evidence are weak.
History, 20th Century ; Korea ; Publishing/history ; Research/*history ; Social Change

Dr Yoo Suk-Chang(1900-1972) has been praised for his contribution to the development of the Korean society as an educator and an agricultural reformer as well as a physician. This paper describes his medical career mainly his contribution to establish and administrate the Min-Jung Hospital(The People's Hospital) and publish a medical paper entitled Bokun Sibo(The Doctors' News) in the Colonial Period I appreciate such his effort as the embodiment of his idea "medical care for the people" and the medical reform in that period I think his services as a physician correspond well with the activities against Japanese imperialism in his early age and the contribution to the education and agricultural reform in his late age. I stress that his medical achievement should not be supposed to be only his own because it is not possible without the help of all his supporter-colleagues and the people.
English Abstract ; History of Medicine, 20th Cent. ; Korea ; Physicians/*history ; Social Change/*history

By following the acupuncture scholar ZHU Lian's academic thought in modern times, and comparing with other contemporary acupuncture scholars, it is found that since the Republic of China, there has been an obvious practice tendency of scientization among academic thoughts of acupuncture, especially in ZHU Lian. This tendency of scientization continues until the early stage of New China. Accompanied with the process of acupuncture high education, academic thoughts represented by acupuncture-moxibustion textbook are different from scientization that is represented by ZHU Lian, and the basic path of acupuncture-moxibustion education and academic theory changed from here.
Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; standards ; China ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Moxibustion ; history ; standards ; Science ; history ; standards ; Social Change ; history

The modernization strategy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been implemented for 20 years, which has provided a strong impetus to the development of TCM and gained remarkable achievements in scientific research platform, research result, industry scale, clinical evaluation, internationalization and professionals training as well. The achievements of TCM modernization greatly improved the clinical service ability and level of TCM, broadened the scope of service, become the important foundation of the big health industry. TCM has played an irreplaceable role in the health care reform, benefiting people's livelihood, promoting industrial structure adjustment and cultivating strategic emerging industries. This article summarized the main achievements of the modernization of TCM and prospected the direction and tasks in the next 20 years in order to further promote the modernization process of TCM.
Biomedical Research ; history ; standards ; trends ; China ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; history ; standards ; trends ; Social Change ; history

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to identify historical backdrop leading to the introduction of the doctorate degree of nursing in Korea, and to explore trends of doctoral nursing education program. METHODS: The research design was a descriptive study adopting a historical approach. Documentation data were collected through web sites and mail survey. The semi-structured interviews were conducted with 6 professors who were involved in the introduction of the doctorate degree of nursing. The outcomes of doctoral nursing education program were evaluated with a total of 1,153 dissertations' titles published from 1982 to 2007. RESULTS: First introduced in Korea in 1978, doctoral nursing education program had steadily increased totaling 21 doctoral program in 2007. This resulted in a rapid increase in the number of doctoral students, but the number of faculty and the quality were not as satisfactory as expected. Many doctoral program had the missions or goals that fostered nursing scholars, theorists, and researchers, a trend that seems set to continue. The majority of dissertations utilized the experimental design (39.9%), others were qualitative design (21.6%), and survey design (19.0%). CONCLUSION: Doctoral education that is the hallmark of nursing scholarship is further elaborated in terms of academic tradition of nursing school in Korea.
Education ; Education, Nursing* ; Fellowships and Scholarships ; History of Nursing ; Humans ; Korea ; Missions and Missionaries ; Nursing ; Postal Service ; Research Design ; Schools, Nursing ; Social Change

The Korean Empire, its state sovereignty threatened by the Empire of Japan, joined the Geneva Conventions in 1903 for the purpose of neutral diplomacy and established the imperial Korean Red Cross Hospital in 1905. This hospital was a result of the effort of the Korean Empire to seek a new medical system based on the Western medicine. However, after the Russo-Japanese War, Japan interfered straightforwardly in the domestic affairs of Korea and eventually abolished the Korean Red Cross Hospital in 1907 to create Daehan Hospital under Japanese colonial rule. With newly-found historical records, this study investigates the whole process of the Korean Red Cross Hospital, which has remained unknown so far, despite its importance. From the very beginning, the Korean Red Cross Hospital was under strong influence of the Empire of Japan. The site for the hospital was chosen by a Japanese army doctor, Junryō Yoshimoto, and the construction was supervised by Rokurō Katsumata, who also later on are involved in the construction of Daehan Hospital. Moreover, all the main positions for medical treatments were held by Japanese practitioners such as Gorō Tatami and Kaneko Yano. Nevertheless, the Korean government had to shoulder the all operating costs. The office of the Korean Red Cross was relocated away from the Korean Red Cross Hospital, and the government of the Korean Empire was not willing to burden the expenses of the Hospital. Moreover, the list of employees of the Korean Red Cross and that of the Korean Red Cross Hospital were drawn up separately: the former is left only in Korea and the latter in Japan. These facts suggest that those two institutes were managed dualistically unlike any other nation, implying that this may have been a means to support the Daehan Hospital project. According to the statistics, health care services in the Korean Red Cross Hospital seems to have been carried out successfully. There had been an increase in the number of patients, and the ratio of female patients was relatively high (26.4%). Only Western medications were prescribed and surgical operations with anesthesia were performed routinely. The approach to Western medicine in Korea was changing during that period. The rise and fall of the Korean Red Cross Hospital represent the urgent situation of the Korean Empire as well as the imperialistic methodology of the Empire of Japan to use medicine as a tool for colonization. Although the transition process of medical policy by the Japanese Resident-General of Korea still remains to be fully elucidated, this paper contributes to a better understanding of the history of modern medicine in Korea.
Academies and Institutes ; Anesthesia ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Colon ; Delivery of Health Care ; Diplomacy ; Female ; History, Modern 1601- ; Humans ; Japan ; Korea ; Red Cross* ; Shoulder ; Social Change